A practical guide for the use of indocyanine green and methylene blue in fluorescence‐guided abdominal surgery
Open accessAbstract
Near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is gaining clinical acceptance over the last years and has been used for detection of lymph nodes, several tumor types, vital structures and tissue perfusion. This review focuses on NIR fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green and methylene blue for different clinical applications in abdominal surgery with an emphasis on oncology, based on a systematic literature search. Furthermore, practical information on doses, injection times, and intraoperative use are provided.
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Clinically approved agents available for tumor detection and therapy remain extremely limited, with examples including methylene blue and indocyanine green.
“Despite the significant advantages of organic small-molecule fluorescent probes, clinically approved agents available for tumor detection and therapy remain extremely limited (e.g., methylene blue, indocyanine green (ICG))63–66.”
From Organic small-molecule NIR-II fluorophores for tumor phototheranostics (2026) · cites this paper as [64]
The Introduction says that only indocyanine green and methylene blue among the NIR fluorophores discussed are approved for clinical use. The Tumor Imaging section describes ICG use for tumor detection. The paper does not establish that either agent is clinically approved for tumor therapy, so the therapy portion of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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200 of 248 shown
- Authors
- van Manen, L., Handgraaf, H. J. M., Diana, M., Dijkstra, J., Ishizawa, T., Vahrmeijer, A. L., & Mieog, J. S. D.
- Affiliations
- Department of Surgery Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- IHU‐Strasbourg Institute of Image‐Guided Surgery Strasbourg France
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Mieog, Jan Sven David
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Surgical Oncology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-06-24
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 283-300
- ISSN
- 0022-4790 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9098
- PMC
- PMC6175214
- OpenAlex
- W2810112280
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 252
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Surgical Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- KWF Kankerbestrijding
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- indocyanine green, methylene blue, near-infrared fluorescence imaging, fluorescence-guided surgery, abdominal surgery, lymph node detection, tumor detection, tissue perfusion, intraoperative imaging
- MeSH terms
- Abdomen, Abdominal Neoplasms, Coloring Agents, Humans, Indocyanine Green, Lymph Nodes, Methylene Blue, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy, Surgery, Computer-Assisted, Optical Imaging
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