Validating the clinical assessment of eustachian tube dysfunction: The eustachian tube dysfunction questionnaire (ETDQ‐7)
Open accessAbstract
Objectives/Hypothesis: Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common condition that is associated with otologic and rhinologic symptoms. The complete assessment of ETD is limited without a valid symptom score. We developed and conducted initial validation of the seven‐item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ‐7), a disease‐specific instrument to assess symptoms with respect to ETD. Study Design: Validation study. Methods: The ETDQ‐7 was developed using standard survey methodology. The ETDQ‐7 was completed by a group of 50 consecutive adult patients diagnosed with ETD and 25 non‐ETD patients who served as a control group. Tympanometry was used as a criterion standard to distinguish the two groups. A subset of respondents repeated the ETDQ‐7 at a time point 4 weeks later. Results: Content validity for the ETDQ‐7 was established by focus group and review of the literature. Reliability testing indicated acceptable internal consistency for the entire instrument (Cronbach α = .71). The test–retest reliability indicated good correlation between the two questionnaires completed by the same patient 4 weeks apart ( r = 0.78). The ETDQ‐7 was able to discriminate between patients with ETD and those without ( P < .001), indicating excellent discriminant validity. Conclusions: The ETDQ‐7 is a valid and reliable symptom score for use in adult patients with ETD that may facilitate clinical practice by highlighting the impact of ETD. Further testing is needed to determine its usefulness in assessing treatment response.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7) is the only patient-reported outcomes tool to have undergone initial validation studies.
“The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7)6 scores symptoms of Eustachian tube dysfunction and is the only patient-reported outcomes tool to have undergone initial validation studies.”
From Eustachian tube dysfunction: consensus statement on definition, types, clinical presentation and diagnosis (2015) · cites this paper as [6]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- [2]Seibert JW Danner CJ Eustachian tube function and the middle ear Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2006 39 1221 1235 17097443
- [4]Rosenfeld RM Goldsmith AJ Tetlus L Balzano A Quality of life for children with otitis media Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997 123 1049 1054 9339979
- [5]Stewart MG Witsell DL Smith TL Weaver EM Yueh B Hannley MT Development and validation of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004 130 157 163 14990910
- [6]Piccirillo JF Merritt MG Richards ML Psychometric and clinimetric validity of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20) Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002 126 41 47 11821764
- [8]Morley AD Sharp HR A review of sinonasal outcome scoring systems–which is best? Clin Otolaryngol 2006 31 103 109 16620328
- [9]Hopkins C Gillett S Slack R Lund VJ Browne JP Psychometric validity of the 22-item Sinonasal Outcome Test Clin Otolaryngol 2009 34 447 454 19793277
- [10]Schalek P Otruba L Hahn A Quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a validation of the Czech version of SNOT-22 questionnaire Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010 167 473 475 20033700
- [11]Poe DS Silvola J Pyykko I Balloon dilation of the cartilaginous Eustachian tube Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011 144 563 569 21493236
- [12]Kujawski OB Poe DS Laser Eustachian tuboplasty Otol Neurotol 2004 25 1 8 14724483
- [13]Poe DS Metson RB Kujawski O Laser Eustachian tuboplasty: a preliminary report Laryngoscope 2003 113 583 591 12671411
- [14]Ockermann T Reineke U Upile T Ebmeyer J Sudhoff HH Balloon dilatation Eustachian tuboplasty: a clinical study Laryngoscope 2010 120 1411 1416 20564474
- [15]McCoul ED Lucente FE Anand VK Evolution of Eustachian tube surgery Laryngoscope 2011 121 661 666 21305559
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Schilder, A. G. M., Bhutta, M. F., Butler, C. C., Holy, C., Levine, L. H., Kvaerner, K. J., Norman, G., Pennings, R. J., Poe, D., Silvola, J. T., et al. (2015) · Clinical Otolaryngology · doi:10.1111/coa.12475 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Interventions for adult Eustachian tube dysfunction: asystematic review
Llewellyn, A., Norman, G., Harden, M., Coatesworth, A., Kimberling, D., Schilder, A., & McDaid, C. (2014) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta18460 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Mehta, N. K., Ma, C., Nguyen, S. A., McRackan, T. R., Meyer, T. A., & Lambert, P. R. (2022) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.29878 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
- Authors
- McCoul, E. D., Anand, V. K., & Christos, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anand, Vijay K.
- Venue
- The Laryngoscope
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-02-28
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1137-1141
- ISSN
- 0023-852X (ISSN-L)
- 1531-4995
- PMC
- PMC3612400
- OpenAlex
- W1994830018
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The Laryngoscope (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024996)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Otorhinolaryngology › Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Keywords
- Eustachian tube dysfunction, ETDQ-7, symptom assessment, questionnaire validation, content validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, discriminant validity, tympanometry, adult patients
- MeSH terms
- Eustachian Tube, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Otitis Media, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
