The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Modification of poly(L‐lactides) by blending: mechanical and hydrolytic behavior
Abstract
Abstract Two different poly(L‐lactides) (PLLAb and PLLAa) were blended with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and an elastic poly(ε‐caprolactone/L‐lactide) P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer to modify the mechanical properties of PLLA. Blends of both PLLAs with 20 wt.‐% of PCL were prepared. PLLAa was blended with 20 wt.‐% of P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer, and blends of PLLAb and P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer were made with copolymer contents of 5, 10, 20 and 30 wt.‐%. The tensile properties and impact and shear strengths were determined as a measure of the mechanical properties. The hydrolytic behavior of the blends was investigated, and the changes in shear strength as a function of hydrolysis were followed. The structure of the hydrolyzed samples was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The properties of PLLA changed considerably when blended with PCL or P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer. An increasing amount of copolymer in PLLAb decreased tensile modulus and shear strength, but improved the strain and impact strength. In hydrolysis, blends containing PLLAa degraded slower than blends of PLLAb because of the higher initial molar mass and purity of PLLAa. The molar masses of PLLAb blends decreased dramatically, and less than 10% of the initial molar masses and shear strengths were left after 12 weeks in vitro. The morphology of the blends affected the degradation. The blends containing P(CL/L‐LA) copolymer had a porous structure which facilitated water absorption into the blend.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Under ambient conditions (dry at 25 ° C), the addition of the softer PLCL-PEG to PLLA reduced its strength and stiffness (Fig. 3) as has been reported previously for PLLA:PLCL blends [25, 26], with the PLCL(70:30)-PEG copolymer having a larger effect than PLCL(80:20)-PEG.”
From Tuning structural relaxations, mechanical properties, and degradation timescale of PLLA during hydrolytic degradation by blending with PLCL-PEG (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“blends of PLLA with poly( L -lactide-coε -caprolactone) (PLCL) have been developed and show improved miscibility [25-27]”
From Tuning structural relaxations, mechanical properties, and degradation timescale of PLLA during hydrolytic degradation by blending with PLCL-PEG (2019) · cites this paper as [25]
Citations
Cites
Pitt, G. G., Gratzl, M. M., Kimmel, G. L., Surles, J., & Sohindler, A. (1981) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/0142-9612(81)90060-0 · Cited by 857
Engelberg, I., & Kohn, J. (1991) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/0142-9612(91)90037-b · Cited by 820
Aliphatic polyesters. I. The degradation of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) in vivo
Pitt, C. G., Chasalow, F. I., Hibionada, Y. M., Klimas, D. M., & Schindler, A. (1981) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1981.070261124 · Cited by 729
Thermal characterization of polylactides
Jamshidi, K., Hyon, S.-H., & Ikada, Y. (1988) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(88)90116-4 · Cited by 692
Li, S., Garreau, H., & Vert, M. (1990) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00701077 · Cited by 496
Holland, S. J., Tighe, B. J., & Gould, P. L. (1986) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(86)90001-5 · Cited by 484
Biodegradable self-reinforced composite materials; Manufacturing structure and mechanical properties
Törmälä, P. O. (1992) · Clinical Materials · doi:10.1016/0267-6605(92)90081-4 · Cited by 335
Pitt, C. G., & Gu, Z. (1987) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(87)90020-4 · Cited by 248
Bioabsorption of polylactides with different molecular properties
Nakamura, T., Hitomï, S., Watanabe, S., Shimizu, Y., Jamshidi, K., Hyon, S. H., & Ikada, Y. (1989) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/jbm.820231003 · Cited by 244
Biomaterials and clinical applications
Amidon, G. L. (1988) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(88)90015-6 · Cited by 214
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Offergeld H., 1989, Annu. Tech. Conf.‐Sci. Plast. Eng., 35, 1282
- Pohjonen T., 1994, Biodegradable Implants in Fracture Fixation, 75
- Jarret P., 1983, Polym. Prepr. (Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Chem.), 24, 32
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–249 of 249
Tsuji, H., Tamura, K.-I., & Arakawa, Y. (2019) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c9ra00255c · Cited by 5
Mechanical performance of polylactic based formulations
Russo, P., Acierno, D., & Filippone, G. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-373-7.00002-0 · Cited by 5
Influence of Biodegradable Poly(butylene carbonate) on Plasticized Polylactide Blown Films
Lang, X., Zhao, Y., Pan, H., Yang, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, G., Dong, L., & Hao, Y. (2016) · Advances in Polymer Technology · doi:10.1002/adv.21692 · Cited by 5
Poly(lactide)s as Robust Renewable Materials
Becker, J. M., & Dove, A. P. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527636167.ch9 · Cited by 7
Modeling and Simulation of Poly Lactic Acid Polymerization
Mehta, R. (2006) · University · Cited by 5
Izraylit, V., Gould, O. E. C., Kratz, K., & Lendlein, A. (2020) · MRS Advances · doi:10.1557/adv.2019.465 · Cited by 4
Chu, W., Song, Y., Cai, Z., Yang, S., Hu, X., & Yin, X. (2022) · Materials Research Express · doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ac7b73 · Cited by 4
Efficient Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Lactide Using Metalate Catalysts
Upitak, K., & Thomas, C. M. (2025) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.202400895 · Cited by 4
Biodegradation and Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene succinate) Blends
KOBAYASHI, S., & Sugimoto, S. (2008) · Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering · doi:10.1299/jmmp.2.15 · Cited by 4
Uddin, A. J., Katayama, N., Ohkoshi, Y., Gotoh, Y., & Nagura, M. (2002) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/polb.10300 · Cited by 4
Blend of Polymer(lactic acid)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) by Reactive Processing
Harada, M., & Iida, K. (2008) · Seikei-Kakou · doi:10.4325/seikeikakou.20.432 · Cited by 4
Hakkarainen, M., & Finne‐Wistrand, A. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118104729.ch9 · Cited by 5
Poly(Lactic Acid) Additives and Processing Aids
Sin, L. T., & Tueen, B. S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814472-5.00008-x · Cited by 3
Development of reinforced polylactide composite resin for micro surgery bone plate and screw
Chon, J. W., Jang, I. K., Suh, S. W., Chung, I. K., Chung, S. M., & Chung, D. J. (2015) · Macromolecular Research · doi:10.1007/s13233-016-4003-y · Cited by 3
Microbial Plastic Factory: Synthesis and Properties of the New Lactate-Based Biopolymers
Nduko, J. M., Matsumoto, K., & Taguchi, S. (2013) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-2013-1144.ch013 · Cited by 3
One‐Pot Synthesis of Poly(acrylate)‐graft‐polylactide
Upitak, K., Yang, F., & Thomas, C. M. (2025) · ChemCatChem · doi:10.1002/cctc.202401897 · Cited by 2
Xu, Z., Liu, J., Chen, J., Lin, J., & Chen, Q. (2020) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.50269 · Cited by 2
Toughening of bioabsorbable polymer blend by microstructural modification
Todo, M., & Takayama, T. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-76690-2_9 · Cited by 2
Chen, X., Xia, T. D., Zhang, A., & Niu, X. (2020) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B · doi:10.1080/00222348.2020.1813947 · Cited by 2
Relationship between Fracture Mechanism and Microstructure in PLA/PCL Polymer Blends
Takayama, T., Todo, M., & Arakawa, K. (2007) · Key engineering materials · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1169 · Cited by 2
Polylactides: Properties and Applications
Ahmed, J., & Arfat, Y. A. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471238961.koe00015 · Cited by 2
Etude de la durabilité de matériaux respectueux de l'environnement / biocomposites
Askanian, H. (2011) · doi:10.70675/440f851bzad7dz4282z81d6za08f8aa14146 · Cited by 2
Panico, M., Papa, I., Russo, P., & Langella, A. (2025) · Journal of Composite Materials · doi:10.1177/00219983251379933 · Cited by 1
Rubber Based Bionanocomposites: Preparation and State of Art
Visakh, P. M. (2017) · Advanced structured materials · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48806-6_1 · Cited by 1
Fracture Property and Fracture Mechanism of Polymer Blends
Todo, M. (2007) · Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan · doi:10.11618/adhesion.43.452 · Cited by 1
Vargas, R. O., López-Aguilar, J. E., Martínez-Suástegui, L. A., & López‐Serrano, F. (2015) · Advances in Materials Science and Engineering · doi:10.1155/2015/458949 · Cited by 1
Dissipative Particles Dynamics Model for Polymer Nanocomposites
Ju, S., Wang, Y., & Lee, W. (2013) · doi:10.1002/9783527644346.ch10 · Cited by 1
Takayama, T., & Todo, M. (2008) · Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering · doi:10.1299/jmmp.2.455 · Cited by 1
Thermal Effect of Phosphate Salt Additives on Poly( L ‐Lactic Acid) and the Coordination Structure
Ito, A., Matsushita, S., & Kondo, K. (2005) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A · doi:10.1080/10601320500247212 · Cited by 1
Effect of P(LLA-CL) Blending on the Mechanical Properties of PLLA/PCL
Takayama, T., Todo, M., Tsuji, H., & Arakawa, K. (2007) · Journal of the Society of Materials Science Japan · doi:10.2472/jsms.56.211 · Cited by 1
Injection Molding of PC Front Panel by Reactive Blend Composites Based on Poly (lactic acid)
Iida, K., Harada, M., Murata, M., Kurobe, B., Hayashi, H., Okamoto, K., Hibino, T., Takenaka, S., Okamoto, K., Mitsubayashi, N., et al. (2009) · Seikei-Kakou · doi:10.4325/seikeikakou.21.131 · Cited by 1
Polymer Blends Composed of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/L-Lactide Copolymers
Oyama, H. T., & Shida, S. (2008) · KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU · doi:10.1295/koron.65.253 · Cited by 1
Fibroblast biological activity on poly(l-lactide) and poly(l-lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate)
Ścisłowska‐Czarnecka, A., Pamuła, E., & Kołaczkowska, E. (2011) · Inżynieria Biomateriałów
Effects of Thermal Process on the Impact Properties of PLA/PCL Polymer Blends
Todo, M., & Takayama, T. (2008) · Seikei-Kakou · doi:10.4325/seikeikakou.20.824
Xu, N., Jiang, M., Yang, C., Guan, L., & Xiao, C. (2014) · Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering · doi:10.1080/03602559.2013.877929
Wang, J. F. (2009) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0090006
Wright, C. (2015) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
Studies on Degradable Polymeric Blends Based on Poly(Lactic Acid)
Singh, G., Bhunia, H., & Choudhary, V. (2011) · University
Polylactic Acid Based Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites
Dehbari, N., Tang, Y., & Moazeni, N. (2017) · Advanced structured materials · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48806-6_7
Tough Polylactide Blend System for Osteosynthesis Procedures
Ugartemendia, J. M., Aldalur, E., Sanchez‐Rexach, E., Revilla, I., Larrañaga, A., & Sarasua, J.-R. (2018) · Proceedings of the World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering · doi:10.11159/iccpe18.127
Bioplastic blends incorporating polyamide-11
Ruehle, D. A. (2016) · Digital Collections of Colorado (Colorado State University)
Experimental Approaches for the Evaluation of Phase Separation Process in Polymer Blends
Ray, S. S., Geberekrstos, A., Muzata, T. S., & Orasugh, J. T. (2023) · Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG eBooks · doi:10.3139/9781569909195.006
A Review on Biofiber-Reinforced Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composites
(2023) · International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science · doi:10.56726/irjmets41113
Li, L., Li, T., Zhao, D., Xie, Y., Wu, F., Xie, D., Wang, C., Liu, Y., & Mei, Y. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3212632/v1
Gunter, K. M., & Register, R. A. (2026) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.6c00295
Li, L., 王庆杰, Ma, W., Zhou, X., Chen, Y., & Wu, H. (2026) · Polymer Engineering and Science · doi:10.1002/pen.70977
Metadata
- Authors
- Hiljanen‐Vainio, M., Varpomaa, P., Seppälä, J., & Törmälä, P.
- Affiliations
- Tampere University of Technology (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Seppälä, Jukka
- ORCID
- Seppälä, Jukka
- Venue
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1996-04
- Volume
- 197
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1503-1523
- ISSN
- 1022-1352 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3935
- OpenAlex
- W1991387651
- Cited by
- 249
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer crystallization and properties
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Keywords
- poly(L-lactic acid), polycaprolactone, polymer blends, mechanical properties, hydrolytic degradation, tensile properties, impact strength, shear strength, blend morphology, water absorption, biodegradable polymers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review