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Trends in Oyster Populations in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An Assessment of River Discharge and Fishing Effects over Time and Space

Moore, J. F., Pine, W. E., Frederick, P.C., Beck, S., Moreno, M., Dodrill, M. J., Boone, M., Sturmer, L., Yurek, S.·2020·Marine and Coastal Fisheries
DOI 10.1002/mcf2.10117
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Abstract

Within the Big Bend region of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, one of the least developed coastlines in the continental USA, intertidal and subtidal populations of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (hereafter referred to as “oyster”) are a critical ecosystem and important economic constituent. We assessed trends in intertidal oyster populations, river discharge, and commercial fishing activity in the Suwannee River estuary within the Big Bend region using fisheries-independent data from irregular monitoring efforts and publicly available environmental data. We used generalized linear models to evaluate counts of oysters from line-transect surveys over time and space. We assessed model performance using simulation to understand potential bias and then evaluated whether these counts were related to freshwater inputs from the Suwannee River and commercial oyster fishing effort and landings at different time lags. We found that intertidal oyster counts have declined over time and that most of these declines are found in inshore intertidal oyster bars, which are becoming degraded. We also found a significant relationship between oyster counts and a 1-year lag on mean daily Suwannee River discharge, but including commercial fishery trips or landings did not improve model fit. It is unclear whether declines in intertidal oyster bars are offset by formation of new oyster reefs elsewhere. These results quantify rapid declines in intertidal oyster reefs in a region of coastline with high conservation value that can be used to inform ongoing and proposed restoration projects in the region.

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FIGURE1 Map of the study area, showing locations of sampling sites within localities of major oyster reef complexes. Within each locality, note that transects were placed on reefs representing a gradient from inshore to offshore. For offshore reefs, note the coastwise orientation and linearity of reefs.
FIGURE1 Map of the study area, showing locations of sampling sites within localities of major oyster reef complexes. Within each locality, note that transects were placed on reefs representing a gradient from inshore to offshore. For offshore reefs, note the coastwise orientation and linearity of reefs.CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE2 (A) Mean daily discharge by year and (B) associated variance and (C) CV of daily discharge for the Suwannee River measured at USGS Wilcox gauge from October 1941 to December 2018. The red line (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing line) is provided to show general trends in discharge. The blue dashed line is the average mean daily discharge, variance, or CV from 1941 to 2018. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).
FIGURE2 (A) Mean daily discharge by year and (B) associated variance and (C) CV of daily discharge for the Suwannee River measured at USGS Wilcox gauge from October 1941 to December 2018. The red line (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing line) is provided to show general trends in discharge. The blue dashed line is the average mean daily discharge, variance, or CV from 1941 to 2018. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE3 (A) Mean daily discharge by year and (B) associated variance and (C) CV of daily discharge for the Suwannee River measured at USGS Wilcox gauge from January 2010 to December 2018. The red line (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing line) is provided to show general trends in discharge from January 2010 to December 2018. The blue dashed line is the average mean daily discharge, variance, or CV from 1941 to 2018. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).
FIGURE3 (A) Mean daily discharge by year and (B) associated variance and (C) CV of daily discharge for the Suwannee River measured at USGS Wilcox gauge from January 2010 to December 2018. The red line (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing line) is provided to show general trends in discharge from January 2010 to December 2018. The blue dashed line is the average mean daily discharge, variance, or CV from 1941 to 2018. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE4 Graphs of (A) oyster landings (whole meat weight), (B) oyster fi shing trips, and (C) oyster catch per trip (CPUE) for Suwannee Sound, Florida (Levy, Dixie, and Taylor counties), from 1986 to July 2019. Data for 2018 and 2019 are provisional.
FIGURE4 Graphs of (A) oyster landings (whole meat weight), (B) oyster fi shing trips, and (C) oyster catch per trip (CPUE) for Suwannee Sound, Florida (Levy, Dixie, and Taylor counties), from 1986 to July 2019. Data for 2018 and 2019 are provisional.CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE5 Histogram of probability density function ( y -axis) of live oysters counted ( x -axis) on intertidal reefs in Suwannee Sound, Florida. The red line represents the predicted density of oyster counts if these data follow a negative binomial distribution.
FIGURE5 Histogram of probability density function ( y -axis) of live oysters counted ( x -axis) on intertidal reefs in Suwannee Sound, Florida. The red line represents the predicted density of oyster counts if these data follow a negative binomial distribution.CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE6 Predicted oyster counts using the best- fi t negative binomial model offset by transect length from each locality (CK = Cedar Key, CR = Corrigan ' s Reef, HB = Horseshoe Beach, and LC = Lone Cabbage Reef) based on data from 2010 -2018. Colored lines represent inshore (blue), nearshore (red), and offshore (green) sites within each locality. Shaded regions represent 95% CIs for the predicted values.
FIGURE6 Predicted oyster counts using the best- fi t negative binomial model offset by transect length from each locality (CK = Cedar Key, CR = Corrigan ' s Reef, HB = Horseshoe Beach, and LC = Lone Cabbage Reef) based on data from 2010 -2018. Colored lines represent inshore (blue), nearshore (red), and offshore (green) sites within each locality. Shaded regions represent 95% CIs for the predicted values.CC-BY · From the PDF
FIGURE7 Predicted oyster counts using the best- fi t negative binomial model offset by transect length including mean daily discharge with a 1year lag as a covariate. The shaded region represents the 95% CIs on the predicted values. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).
FIGURE7 Predicted oyster counts using the best- fi t negative binomial model offset by transect length including mean daily discharge with a 1year lag as a covariate. The shaded region represents the 95% CIs on the predicted values. Abbreviations are as follows: cf / s = cubic feet per second (1 cf / s = 0.028 m 3 / s).CC-BY · From the PDF

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Citations

Cites

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Authors
Moore, J. F., Pine, W. E., Frederick, P. C., Beck, S., Moreno, M., Dodrill, M. J., Boone, M., Sturmer, L., & Yurek, S.
Affiliations
  • Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
  • U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Columbia River Reserach Laboratory, 5501A Cook-Underwood Road, Cook, Washington, 98605, USA
  • Porzana Solutions, Marquette Heights, Illinois, 61554, USA
  • University of Florida Extension, Senator George Kirkpatrick Marine Lab, 11350 Southwest 153rd Court, Cedar Key, Florida, 32625, USA
  • U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 7920 Northwest 71st Street, Gainesville, Florida, 32653, USA
ORCID
Venue
Marine and Coastal Fisheries
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2020-05-30
Volume
12
Issue
3
Pages
191-204
ISSN
1942-5120
DOI
10.1002/mcf2.10117
Cited by
29
References
3
Language
en
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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Trends in Oyster Populations in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An Assessment of River Discharge and Fishing Effects over Time and Space. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/mcf2.10117
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Moore, J. F., Pine, W. E., Frederick, P. C., Beck, S., Moreno, M., Dodrill, M. J., Boone, M., Sturmer, L., & Yurek, S. (2020). Trends in Oyster Populations in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico: An Assessment of River Discharge and Fishing Effects over Time and Space. Marine and Coastal Fisheries. https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10117