Polyphosphazenes: Synthesis—Properties—Applications

Singler, Robert E.; Schneider, Nathaniel S.; Hagnauer, Gary L.

doi:10.1002/pen.760150502

Cited by 168biodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesSynthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compoundsSynthesis and properties of polymers

Polyphosphazenes: Synthesis—Properties—Applications

Singler, Robert E., Schneider, Nathaniel S., Hagnauer, Gary L.·1975·Polymer Engineering & Science

DOI 10.1002/pen.760150502

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Abstract Various aspects of polyphosphazene chemistry are reviewed. Stable poly (organophosphazenes) can be prepared from an inorganic precursor, poly(dichlorophosphazene), by careful control of polymerization and substitution reaction conditions. The bulk structure and properties of polyphosphazenes are discussed, and attention is given to those polymers which have promise as useful engineering materials. The successful preparation of stable poly(organophosphazenes) appears to have resulted in a new class of polymers for both specialty and large scale commercial development.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/pen.760150502

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

These phosphazene elastomers are very suitable for special automotive and aerospace applications and have also been suggested for biostable biomedical devices.
“They are thus very suitable for special automotive and aerospace applications [172 -175] and have also been suggested for biostable biomedical devices [176]”
From Ring-Opening Polymerization—An Introductory Review (2013) · cites this paper as [173]

The Relation of Transition Temperatures to Chemical Structure in High Polymers
Boyer, R. F. (1963) · Rubber Chemistry and Technology · doi:10.5254/1.3539649 · Cited by 727 · see citing works
Synthesis of High Polymeric Alkoxy- and Aryloxyphosphonitriles
Allcock, H. R., & Kugel, R. L. (1965) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01096a056 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Organic Phosphorus Compounds
Seyferth, D. (1973) · Journal of Organometallic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0022-328x(00)89647-3 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Phosphorus-nitrogen Compounds
(1972) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-050560-9.x5001-3 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Phosphonitrilic Compounds. VI. High Molecular Weight Poly(alkoxy- and aryloxyphosphazenes)
Allcock, H. R., Kugel, R. L., & Valan, K. J. (1966) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50044a016 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Recent advances in phosphazene (phosphonitrilic) chemistry
Allcock, H. R. (1972) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr60278a002 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Phosphonitrilic Compounds. VII. High Molecular Weight Poly(diaminophosphazenes)
Allcock, H. R., & Kugel, R. L. (1966) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50044a017 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The Phosphazenes (Phosphonitrilic Compounds).
Shaw, R. A., Fitzsimmons, B. W., & Smith, B. C. (1962) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr60217a004 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Nonbenzenoid Aromatics
(1971) · Organic chemistry · doi:10.1016/c2013-0-11515-2 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
SOME PRODUCTS OF THE TUBERCULOSIS BACILLUS.
de Schweinitz, E. A., & Dorset, M. (1897) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja02084a003 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Polymer Science and Materials
Tobolsky, A. V., & Mark, H. (1971) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Synthesis of phosphonitrilic fluoroelastomers
Rose, S. H. (1968) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters · doi:10.1002/pol.1968.110061203 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Synthesis and characterization of polyaryloxyphosphazenes
Singler, R. E., Hagnauer, G. L., Schneider, N. S., Laliberte, B. R., Sacher, R. E., & Matton, R. W. (1974) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1974.170120214 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citation
Termination of pregnancy.
Bluett, D. (1972) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5828.700 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Phosphonitrilic compounds. XV. High molecular weight poly[bis(amino)phosphazenes] and mixed-substituent poly(aminophosphazenes)
Allcock, H. R., Cook, W. J., & Mack, D. P. (1972) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50117a003 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
PHOSPHONITRILIC COMPOUNDS: PART I. THE MECHANISM OF PHOSPHONITRILIC CHLORIDE POLYMERIZATION CAPACITANCE, CONDUCTANCE, AND ELECTRON-SPIN RESONANCE STUDIES
Allcock, H. R., & Best, R. J. (1964) · Canadian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1139/v64-062 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Sur le chlorure de poly‐phosphornitrile, caoutchouc inorganique
Meyer, K. H., Lotmar, W., & Pankow, G. W. (1936) · Helvetica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1002/hlca.193601901125 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Polymerization of Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene. The Role of Phosphorus Pentachloride, Water, and Hydrogen Chloride
Allcock, H. R., Gardner, J. E., & Smeltz, K. M. (1975) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma60043a008 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Phosphonitrilic Fluoroelastomers—A New Class of Solvent Resistant Polymers with Exceptional Flexibility at Low Temperature
Kyker, G. S., & ANTKOWIAK, T. A. (1974) · Rubber Chemistry and Technology · doi:10.5254/1.3557519 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Thermal Breakdown of Poly(diphenoxyphosphazene)
Allcock, H. R., Moore, G., & Cook, W. J. (1974) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma60041a007 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Molecular conformation of linear polyphosphonitrile chloride
Giglio, E., Pompa, F., & Ripamonti, A. (1962) · Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/pol.1962.1205916807 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ring-Chain Equilibria
Allcock, H. R. (1970) · Journal of macromolecular science. Part C, Reviews in macromolecular chemistry and physics/Journal of macromolecular science. Reviews in macromolecular chemistry and physics · doi:10.1080/15321797008068148 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Thermolysis of Poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]
Allcock, H. R., & Cook, W. J. (1974) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma60039a006 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Addition Polymers of Monofunctional Isocyanates
Berger, M. (1973) · Journal of macromolecular science. Part C, Reviews in macromolecular chemistry and physics/Journal of macromolecular science. Reviews in macromolecular chemistry and physics · doi:10.1080/15583727308545900 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Phosphonitrilic compounds. XIII. Structure and properties of poly(difluorophosphazene)
Allcock, H. R., Kugel, R. L., & Stroh, E. G. (1972) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50111a041 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Polyphosphazenes: Part 1 synthesis
Allen, G. C., Lewis, C. J., & Todd, S. M. (1970) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(70)90060-1 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Über die Polymerisation des Phosphornitrilchlorids
Patat, F., & Kollinsky, F. (1951) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie · doi:10.1002/macp.1951.020060126 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Über den thermischen Abbau des polymeren Phosphornitrilchlorids
Patat, F., & Derst, P. (1959) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19590710304 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Alkoxyphosphazenes as Flame Retardants for Rayon
Godfrey, L. E. A., & Schappel, J. W. (1970) · Product R&D · doi:10.1021/i360036a002 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Polymerization of dichlorophosphinic nitrides
Konecny, J. O., & Douglas, C. M. (1959) · Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/pol.1959.1203613016 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Synthesis of Poly(organophosphazene) Copolymers and Cross-Linked Polymers by Ligand Exchange
Allcock, H. R., & Moore, G. (1972) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma60026a026 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Shock Reaction Following Ingestion of Mango
Rubin, J. M. (1965) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03090050073027 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
�ber die Polymerisation des Phosphornitrilchlorids II
Patat, F., & Fr�mbling, K. (1955) · Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly · doi:10.1007/bf00902563 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Thermal Degradation of Some Polyphosphazenes
Maccallum, J. R., & Tanner, J. (1970) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222337008063158 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Dilute solution characterization of polyfluoroalkoxyphosphazenes
Hagnauer, G. L., & Schneider, N. S. (1972) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2 Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/pol.1972.160100412 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Phosphazene copolymers: Part 1. Synthesis and bulk properties
Allen, G., & Mortier, R. M. (1972) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(72)90003-1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Polymerization of dichlorophosphinic nitrides
Konecny, J. O., Douglas, C. M., & Gray, M. Y. (1960) · Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/pol.1960.1204214009 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Synthesis of Bis-(perfluoroalkyl)-phosphonitriles
Tesi, G., & Douglas, C. M. (1962) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00863a010 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The infra-red spectrum and vibrational assignments of poly(phosphonitrilic chloride)
Manley, T. R., & Williams, D. A. (1969) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(69)90042-1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
The structure of poly(di—(p—chlorophenoxy)phosphazine)
Bishop, S. M., & Hall, I. H. (1974) · British Polymer Journal · doi:10.1002/pi.4980060402 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Structural Effects in Heteroatom Systems. I. The Influence of Steric Effects on Oligomer-Polymer Interconversions in the Phosphazene (Phosphonitrile) Series. A Semiempirical Approach
Allcock, H. R. (1966) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50042a005 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Polymerization of hexachlorotriphosphonitrile, (NPCl2)3
Emsley, J., & Udy, P. B. (1972) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(72)90123-1 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Cushing's syndrome, a personal view.
Shuster, S. (1970) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5721.515 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The Synthesis of Polymeric Dimethylphosphonitrfle by Pyrolytic Condensation of Dimethyldiaminophosphonium Chloride
Sisler, H. H., Frazier, S. E., Rice, R. G., & Sanchez, M. G. (1966) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50036a043 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kinetics of bulk polymerization of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride
Maccallum, J. R., & Werninck, A. R. (1967) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1 Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/pol.1967.150051208 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Catalysts for the bulk polymerization of phosphonitrilic chloride trimer: I. Benzoic acid
Gimblett, F. G. R. (1960) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(60)90058-6 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The effect of sulfur on the polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene
Maccallum, J. R., & Tanner, J. (1969) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Letters · doi:10.1002/pol.1969.110071008 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Formales und Reales bei Polymerisationsreaktionen
Patat, F. (1953) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19530650702 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Studies on inorganic polymers. Kinetics of the bulk polymerization of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride
Chakrabartty, D., & Ghosh, B. N. (1962) · Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/pol.1962.1206217451 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Preparation of poly(diphenyl phosphazene)
Maccallum, J. R., & Tanner, J. (1968) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1 Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/pol.1968.150061119 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
377. Phosphonitrilic derivatives. Part XII. The heats of polymerisation of the cyclic phosphonitrilic chlorides
Jacques, J. K., Mole, M. F., & Paddock, N. L. (1965) · Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed) · doi:10.1039/jr9650002112 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Characterisation of a new crystallisable polymer
Allen, G. C. (1969) · British Polymer Journal · doi:10.1002/pi.4980010404 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Thermal polymerization of trimeric phosphonitrilic chloride
Colclough, R. O., & Gee, G. (1967) · Journal of Polymer Science Part C Polymer Symposia · doi:10.1002/polc.5070160703 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The hydrolysis of polyphosphonitrilic chloride gel. Part 1.—Some studies in aqueous acetone at 25°C
Gimblett, F. G. R. (1960) · Transactions of the Faraday Society · doi:10.1039/tf9605600528 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
B.M.A. Deputizing Services
Grant, I. W. B. (1972) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5830.833-a · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Elastomers for Service with Engine Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids.
Reynard, K. A., Sicka, R. W., Vicic, J. C., & Rose, S. H. (1973) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Synthesis of New Low Temperature Petroleum-Resistant Elastomers
Reynard, K. A., Woo, J. T. K., & Rose, S. H. (1970) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Pay and Status of Consultants
Abel, W. (1974) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5929.526-c · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Taste in Question
Rees, W. (1974) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5929.526 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Development of Thermally Stable Poly(Fluoroalkoxyphosphazene) Transmission Seals for the UH-1 Helicopter.
Reynard, K. A., Sicka, R. W., Vicic, J. C., & Rose, S. H. (1973) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Elastomers for Service as Seals for Engine Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids
Klemens, W., & Lagally, P. (1976) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Development of thermally stable phosphonitrile elastomers for advanced aerospace structures
Reynard, K. A., & Rose, S. H. (1972) · NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA) · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 64 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Ring-Opening Polymerization—An Introductory Review
Nuyken, O., & Pask, S. (2013) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym5020361 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
“They are thus very suitable for special automotive and aerospace applications [172–175] and have also been suggested for biostable biomedical devices [176] Polphosphazenes with oligo-ethylene oxy side chains have also been considered for use in lithium-ion polymer batteries [177–179] and those with sulfonated aryloxy…”
Background
Thermotropic mesophases and mesophase transitions of linear, flexible macromolecules
Wunderlich, B., & Grȩbowicz, J. (1984) · Advances in polymer science · doi:10.1007/3-540-12994-4_1 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Poly(organophosphazene)s and related compounds: Synthesis, properties and applications
Jaeger, R. D. (1998) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/s0079-6700(97)00027-0 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Inorganic—Organic Polymers
Allcock, H. R. (1994) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.19940060203 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
The organometallic chemistry of phosphazenes
Allcock, H. R., Desorcie, J. L., & Riding, G. H. (1987) · Polyhedron · doi:10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80783-4 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Ethoxy (pentafluoro) cyclotriphosphazene (PFPN) as a multi-functional flame retardant electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries
Li, X., Li, W., Chen, L., Lu, Y., Su, Y., Bao, L., Wang, J., Chen, R., Chen, S., & Wu, F. (2018) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.12.085 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Columnar Mesomorphic Organizations in Cyclotriphosphazenes
Barberá, J., Bardajía, M., Jiménez, J., Laguna, A., Martínez, M.-P., Oriol, L. T., Serrano, J. L., & Zaragozano, I. (2005) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja051042w · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Poly(organophosphazenes)—Unusual New High Polymers
Allcock, H. R. (1977) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.197701471 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
High-Efficiency Flame Retardants of a P–N-Rich Polyphosphazene Elastomer Nanocoating on Cotton Fabric
Miao, Z., Yan, D., Zhang, T., Yang, F., Zhang, S., Liu, W., & Wu, Z. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.1c05884 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Polyphosphazene elastomers, gels, and other soft materials
Allcock, H. R. (2012) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c2sm26011e · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Small-molecule phosphazene rings as models for high polymeric chains
Allcock, H. R. (1979) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar50142a001 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Thermotropic Mesophases in Element-Organic Polymers
Godovsky, Y. K., Papkov, V. S., & Dušek, K. (1989) · Advances in polymer science · doi:10.1007/bfb0017966 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Degradable polyphosphazenes for biomedical applications
Crommen, J. H. L., Vandorpe, J., & Schacht, E. H. (1993) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/0168-3659(93)90176-6 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Ambient temperature ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of cyclic chlorophosphazene trimer [N 3 P 3 Cl 6 ] catalyzed by silylium ions
Zhang, Y., Huynh, K., Ian Manners, A., & Reed, C. A. (2007) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/b713933k · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Cyclophosphazenes
Krishnamurthy, S. S., SAU, A. C., & WOODS, M. (1978) · Advances in inorganic chemistry and radiochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-2792(08)60278-2 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Polymer Solid Electrolytes: Synthesis and Structure
Chandrasekhar, V. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-69191-x_2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
A Perspective of Polyphosphazene Research
Allcock, H. R. (2007) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1007/s10904-006-9052-9 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The atomistic simulation of the gas permeability of poly(organophosphazenes). Part 1. Poly(dibutoxyphosphazenes)
Fried, J., & Ren, P. Y. (2000) · Computational and Theoretical Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/s1089-3156(00)00005-2 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Gas transport in poly(alkoxyphosphazenes)
Hirose, T., & Mizoguchi, K. (1991) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1991.070430506 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Lightest Element Phosphoranylidene: NHC‐Supported Cyclic Borylidene–Phosphorane with Significant B=P Character
Rosas‐Sánchez, A., Alvarado-Beltrán, I., Baceiredo, A., Hashizume, D., Saffon‐Merceron, N., Branchadell, V., & Kato, T. (2017) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201611509 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Molecular simulation of the glass transition of polyphosphazenes
Fried, J., & Ren, P. Y. (1999) · Computational and Theoretical Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/s1089-3156(99)00002-1 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The atomistic simulation of the gas permeability of poly(organophosphazenes). Part 2. Poly[bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]
Hu, N., & Fried, J. (2005) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.017 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The synthesis, thermal and photophysical properties of phenoxycyclotriphosphazenyl-substituted cyclic and polymeric phosphazenes
Çoşut, B., Hacıvelioğlu, F., Durmuş, M., Kılıç, A., & Yeşi̇lot, S. (2009) · Polyhedron · doi:10.1016/j.poly.2009.05.027 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Polyphosphazene Membranes for Fuel Cells
Wycisk, R. J., & Pintauro, P. N. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/12_2007_130 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gas transport in poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]
Hirose, T., Kamiya, Y., & Mizoguchi, K. (1989) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1989.070380504 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Pervaporation of organic solvents by poly[bis(2,2,2‐trifluoroethoxy) phosphazene] membrane
Suzuki, F., Onozato, K., Yaegashi, H., & Masuko, T. (1987) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1987.070340612 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Thermal behaviour of polyphosphazenes in relation to structure
Sun, D. C., & Magill, J. H. (1987) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(87)90432-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Fluorine containing phosphazene polymers
Gleria, M., Bertani, R., Jaeger, R. D., & Lora, S. (2003) · Journal of Fluorine Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2003.07.015 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Sustained Nitric Oxide Release from a Tertiary S-Nitrosothiol-based Polyphosphazene Coating
Lutzke, A., Tapia, J. B., Neufeld, M. J., & Reynolds, M. M. (2017) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.6b12888 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Poly(difluorophosphazene) as the First Deep‐Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Polymer: A First‐Principles Prediction
Kang, L., Zhang, X., Liang, F., Lin, Z., & Huang, B. Q. (2019) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201905025 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Lightest Element Phosphoranylidene: NHC‐Supported Cyclic Borylidene–Phosphorane with Significant B=P Character
Rosas‐Sánchez, A., Alvarado-Beltrán, I., Baceiredo, A., Hashizume, D., Saffon‐Merceron, N., Branchadell, V., & Kato, T. (2017) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201611509 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Recent Research Progress in the Synthesis of Polyphosphazene and Their Applications
Amin, A. M., Wang, L., Wang, J., Yu, H., Huo, J., Gao, J., & Xiao, A. (2009) · Designed Monomers & Polymers · doi:10.1163/138577209x12486896623373 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Fluorinated Polyphosphazenes: A Survey
Gleria, M., Bertani, R., & Jaeger, R. D. (2004) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1023/b:joip.0000016752.58875.ef · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Preparation of Poly(bis(phenoxy)phosphazene) and 31P NMR Analysis of Its Structural Defects under Various Synthesis Conditions
Zhang, S., Ali, S., Ma, H., Zhang, L., Wu, Z., Wu, D., & Hu, T. S. (2016) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b08689 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Synthesis of polyarylaminophosphazenes
White, J. E., Singler, R. E., & Leone, S. A. (1975) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1975.170131111 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citation
Polydichlorophosphazene Polymerization Studies
Hagnauer, G. L. (1981) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222338108082058 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mesomorphic Structure in Polyphosphazenes
Schneider, N. S., Desper, C. R., & Beres, J. J. (1978) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-108650-3.50015-x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Thermal Characterizations of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers
Carraher, C. E. (1982) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222338208074401 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Gas Diffusion and Solubility in Poly(organophosphazenes): Results of Molecular Simulation Studies
Fried, J. (2006) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1007/s10904-006-9059-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Recent Research Progress in the Synthesis of Polyphosphazene Elastomers and Their Applications
Amin, A. M., Wang, L., Wang, J., Yu, H., Gao, J., Li, C., Huo, J., Amer, W. A., Yan, G., & Ma, L. (2010) · Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering · doi:10.1080/03602559.2010.496387 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Trichloroethoxy-Substituted Polyphosphazenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties
Chen, C., Liu, X., Tian, Z., & Allcock, H. R. (2012) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma301822m · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Phosphazene-triazine cyclomatrix network polymers: some aspects of synthesis, thermal- and flame-retardant characteristics
Mathew, D., Nair, C. P. R., & Ninan, K. N. (2000) · Polymer International · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0126(200001)49:1 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
History of Heat-Resistant Polymers
Cassidy, P. E. (1981) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222338108056792 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Polyphosphazene Elastomers with Alkoxy and Trifluoroethoxy Side Groups
Li, Z., Chen, C., McCaffrey, M., Yang, H. M., & Allcock, H. R. (2020) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.9b00913 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Crystal modifications of poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene]
Kojima, M., Satake, H., Masuko, T., & Magill, J. H. (1987) · Journal of Materials Science Letters · doi:10.1007/bf01729010 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
A phase transition study in poly[bis(p‐methylphenoxy)phosphazene] using synchrotron radiation
Magill, J. H., & Riekel, C. (1986) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.1986.030070509 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Polyphosphazene polymer development for mixed matrix membranes using SIFSIX-Cu-2i as performance enhancement filler particles
Venna, S. R., Spore, A., Tian, Z., Marti, A. M., Albenze, E. J., Nulwala, H., Rosi, N. L., Luebke, D. R., Hopkinson, D., & Allcock, H. R. (2017) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.04.033 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Applications of Inorganic Polymeric Materials, III: Polyphosphazenes
Honarkar, H., & Rahimi, A. (2007) · Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly · doi:10.1007/s00706-007-0705-3 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Gas transport in poly [bis(trifluoroethoxy) phosphazene] above the T(1) transition
Mizoguchi, K., Kamiya, Y., & Hirose, T. (1991) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/polb.1991.090290608 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Poly(organophosphazene) – ungewöhnliche neue Hochpolymere
Allcock, H. R. (1977) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.19770890306 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Thermal degradation of polybis(p‐isopropylphenoxy)‐phosphazene
Goldfarb, L., Hann, N. D., Dieck, R. L., & Messersmith, D. C. (1978) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1978.170160705 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Crystallographic Data and Melting Points for Various Polymers
Miller, R. L. (1999) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471532053.bra038 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Open-chain poly(organophosphazenes). Synthesis and properties
Vinogradova, S. V., Tur, D. R., & Vasnev, V. A. (1998) · Russian Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1070/rc1998v067n06abeh000342 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Morphology and Properties of Flame-Retardant Superhydrophobic Polymer Coatings Deposited on Cotton Fabrics from Supercritical CO2
Liubimtsev, N., Deniz, A., Elmanovich, I. V., Gallyamov, M. O., & Pich, A. (2020) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.0c00421 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Thermomechanical trnasitions in polyphosphazenes
Choy, I. C., & Magill, J. H. (1981) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1981.170191011 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
X‐ray fiber diffraction study of the two crystalline phases of poly[di(4‐isopropylphenoxy)phosphazene]
Meille, S. V., Porzio, W., Allegra, G., Audisio, G., & Gleria, M. (1986) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.1986.030070410 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Nitric oxide release from a biodegradable cysteine-based polyphosphazene
Lutzke, A., Neufeld, B. H., Neufeld, M. J., & Reynolds, M. M. (2016) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c6tb00037a · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Poly(organo)phosphazenes: recent progress in the synthesis and applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery
Khan, R. U., Wang, L., Yu, H., Ul-Abdin, Z., Akram, M. A., Wu, J., Haroon, M., Ullah, R. S., Deng, Z., & Xia, X. (2017) · Russian Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1070/rcr4757 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Photocurable System of Polythiol and Polyphosphazene-Containing Allyl Groups
Ahn, K., Kim, U.-Y., & Kim, C. H. (1986) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222338608063385 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Photochemistry and photophysics of poly(organophosphazenes) and related compounds: A review. I. Monomolecular processes
Bortolus, P., & Gleria, M. (1994) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1007/bf00684025 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Pervaporation for the mixture of benzene and cyclohexane through ppop membranes
Sun, Y., Chen, Y., Wu, C., & Lin, A. (1999) · AIChE Journal · doi:10.1002/aic.690450309 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Sorption and diffusion of organic vapors in poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy) phosphazene] and poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene] membranes
Sun, Y., Cheng-Li, L., Chen, Y., & Wu, C. (1997) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(97)00126-9 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Photochemical behaviour of poly-(organophosphazenes)—II. Oxygen influence on the photodegradation of aryloxy- and arylamino-substituted polyphosphazenes in solution
Gleria, M., Minto, F., Lora, S., & Bortolus, P. (1979) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/0014-3057(79)90094-6 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Organofunctional phosphazenes and organofunctional phosphazene polymers
Allen, C. W. (1983) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Symposia · doi:10.1002/polc.5070700107 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Molecular Simulations of Polyphosphazenes for Biomedical Applications
Kroger, J. L., & Fried, J. (2012) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1007/s10904-012-9706-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Synthesis and enzymatic degradation of high molecular weight aliphatic polyesters
Shirahama, H., Kawaguchi, Y., Aludin, M. S., & Yasuda, H. (2001) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20010418)80:3 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Synthesis and characterization of some poly[nitrilo‐bis(phenylamino)phosphoranetriyl]s
Busulini, L., Osellame, M., Lora, S., & Pezzin, G. (1977) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie · doi:10.1002/macp.1977.021780201 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Theoretical analysis of conformational energies, unperturbed dimensions, and dipole moments of poly(dichlorophosphazene)
Sáiz, E. (1987) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/polb.1987.090250801 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Unperturbed dimensions of some aryloxy polyphosphazenes
Andrady, A. L., & Mark, J. E. (1981) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/0014-3057(81)90131-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A new approach to polymer chemistry: Organometallic and bioactive phosphazenes
Allcock, H. R. (1983) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Symposia · doi:10.1002/polc.5070700106 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF EIGHT POLY(ORGANOPHOSPHAZENES)11In conducting the research described in this report, the investigators adhered to the “Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care”, as promulgated by the Committee on the Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council.,22The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.
Wade, C. W. R., Gourlay, S. J., Rice, R., Hegyeli, A. F., Singler, R. E., & White, J. (1978) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-160850-7.50033-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
Some relationships of the reaction of poly(dichlorophosphazens) with 2,2,2‐sodium trifluoroethylate (R)
Vinogradova, S. V., Тур, Д. Р., Minos'janc, I. I., Lependina, O. L., Larina, N. I., & Koršak, V. V. (1982) · Acta Polymerica · doi:10.1002/actp.1982.010331007 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Photoconductive properties of poly(bis(2-naphthoxy)phosphazene) doped with trinitrofluorenone
Marco, P. G. D., Giro, G., Gleria, M., & Lora, S. (1986) · Thin Solid Films · doi:10.1016/0040-6090(86)90122-7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ultraviolet functionalization of poly[bis(4-isopropylphenoxy)]phosphazene surfaces: An infrared and a sims study
Minto, F., Gleria, M., Bortolus, P., Daolio, S., Facchin, B., Pagura, C., & Bolognesi, A. (1989) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/0014-3057(89)90208-5 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Poly(difluorophosphazene) as the First Deep‐Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Polymer: A First‐Principles Prediction
Kang, L., Zhang, X., Liang, F., Lin, Z., & Huang, B. Q. (2019) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201905025 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Functionalization of poly(organophosphazenes)—V. Modification of the physico-chemical properties of poly[bis(4-methylphenoxy)phosphazene] through functionalization with anhydride groups
Fontana, G. A., Minto, F., Gleria, M., Facchin, G., Bertani, R., & Favero, G. (1996) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/s0014-3057(96)00085-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Solution polymerization of selected polyphosphazenes
Mujumdar, A. N., Young, S. G., Merker, R. L., & Magill, J. H. (1989) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie · doi:10.1002/macp.1989.021900930 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mesomorphic structure in poly(organophosphazenes)
Desper, C. R., Schneider, N. S., & Higginbotham, E. (1977) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Letters Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1977.130150802 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dependency of thermal and mechanical properties on the composition of mixed‐substituent poly(fluoroalkoxyphosphazenes)
Maher, A. E., Ambler, C. M., Powell, E. S., & Allcock, H. R. (2004) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.20223 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Controlled synthesis of organic-inorganic polymers that possess a backbone of phosphorus and nitrogen atoms
Allcock, H. R. (1981) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie · doi:10.1002/macp.1981.020041981101 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Photochemical behavior of poly(organophosphazenes). I. Poly[bis(p‐tolylamino)]phosphazene
Bortolus, P., Minto, F., Beggiato, G., & Lora, S. (1979) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1979.070240125 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Permeation and sorption properties of benzene, cyclohexane, and n-hexane vapors in poly[bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] (PTFEP) membranes
Sun, Y., Wu, C., & Lin, A. (2005) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.11.063 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Synthesis and Characterization of Esterified Poly[(aryloxy)phosphazene]s
Stewart, F. F., Lash, R. P., & Singler, R. E. (1997) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma9618991 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citation
Heat-Resistant Polymer-Grafted Carbon Black: Grafting of Poly(Organophosphazenes) onto Carbon Black Surface
Tsubokawa, N., & Tsuchida, H. (1992) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A · doi:10.1080/10101329208052163 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
History of Organometallic Polymers
Sheats, J. E. (1981) · Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry · doi:10.1080/00222338108066460 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Synthesis and characterization of polyaryloxyphosphazene copolymers
Dieck, R. L., & Goldfarb, L. (1977) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Chemistry Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1977.170150210 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Unprecedented Biodegradable Cellulose-Derived Polyesters with Pendant Citronellol Moieties: From Monomer Synthesis to Enzymatic Degradation
Kayishaer, A., Fadlallah, S., Mouterde, L. M. M., Peru, A. A. M., Werghi, Y., Brunois, F., Carboué, Q., Lopez, M., & Allais, F. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26247672 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Investigation of the effects of biological environment on the properties of poly‐bis‐(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene (r)
Тур, Д. Р., Koršak, V. V., Vinogradova, S. V., Slonimskij, G. L., Il'ina, M. N., Дубовик, И. И., Provotorova, N. P., Dobrova, N. B., & Smurova, E. V. (1986) · Acta Polymerica · doi:10.1002/actp.1986.010370404 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
High Polymeric Organophosphazenes — Macromolecules with a Difference
Allcock, H. R. (1979) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6740-0_5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Polyphosphazenes: Effect of molecular motions on thrombogenesis
Reichert, W. M., Filisko, F. E., & Barenberg, S. (1982) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/jbm.820160310 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mass spectrometric characterization and thermal decomposition mechanism of some poly(organophosphazenes)
Ballistreri, A., Foti, S., Montaudo, G., Lora, S., & Pezzin, G. (1981) · Die Makromolekulare Chemie · doi:10.1002/macp.1981.021820503 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Some elastic and thermoelastic properties of two organophosphazene polymers
Mark, J. E., & Yu, C. U. (1977) · Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Physics Edition · doi:10.1002/pol.1977.180150215 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Scattering in Liquid Crystalline Polymer Systems
Wendorff, J. H. (1978) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-108650-3.50007-0 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Phosphorus Monomers
Łapienis, G. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53349-4.00113-8 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mobility of Side Chains in Poly(diethylphosphazene) As Studied by 1H/13C/14N Triple-Resonance Solid-State NMR
Simonutti, R., Veeman, W. S., Ruhnau, F. C., Gallazzi, M. C., & Sozzani, P. (1996) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma9514939 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Photochemistry and photophysics of poly(organophosphazenes) and related compounds: A review. II. Bimolecular reactions
Bortolus, P., & Gleria, M. (1994) · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials · doi:10.1007/bf01036538 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Synthesis and Enzymatic Degradation of Sustainable Levoglucosenone-Derived Copolyesters with Renewable Citronellol Side Chains
Fadlallah, S., Carboué, Q., Mouterde, L. M. M., Kayishaer, A., Werghi, Y., Peru, A. A. M., Lopez, M., & Allais, F. (2022) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym14102082 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Multiple Dielectric Relaxations in Solid Polyorganophosphazenes
Uzaki, S., Adachi, K., & Kotaka, T. (1988) · Polymer Journal · doi:10.1295/polymj.20.221 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
FIRE SAFE MATERIALS FOR NAVY SHIPS
Ventriglio, D. R. (1982) · Naval Engineers Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1559-3584.1982.tb02504.x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Strained Inorganic Heterocyclic Compounds and Their Conversion to Macrocycles and High Polymers
Allcock, H. R. (1992) · Studies in inorganic chemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-88933-1.50014-3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Authors: Singler, R. E., Schneider, N. S., & Hagnauer, G. L.
Affiliations: United States Army (US)
ORCID: Schneider, Nathaniel S.
Venue: Polymer Engineering & Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1975-05
Volume: 15
Issue: 5
Pages: 321-338
ISSN: 0032-3888 (ISSN-L)
1548-2634
DOI: 10.1002/pen.760150502
OpenAlex: W1993938691
Cited by: 168
References: 64
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 6.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 10709 d)
Locations: Polymer Engineering and Science (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Synthesis and properties of polymers
Keywords: polyphosphazenes, organophosphazenes, poly(dichlorophosphazene), polymerization, substitution reactions, polymer structure, polymer properties, engineering materials, specialty polymers

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Polyphosphazenes: Synthesis—Properties—Applications

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks