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Main properties and current applications of some polysaccharides as biomaterials
Abstract
This review concerns the applications of some polysaccharides in the domain of biomaterials and bioactive polymers. Natural polysaccharides from different sources have been studied for a long time, and their main properties are summarized in this paper; some of their derivatives obtained by chemical modification are also described. The main polysaccharides currently used in the biomedical and pharmaceutical domains are chitin and its derivative chitosan, hyaluronan and alginates. Alginates are well known for their property of forming a physical gel in the presence of divalent counterions (Ca, Ba, Sr) whereas carrageenans form a thermoreversible gel; these seaweed polysaccharides are mainly used to encapsulate different materials (cells, bacteria, fungi). Other promising systems are the electrostatic complexes formed when an anionic polysaccharide is mixed with a cationic polysaccharide (e.g. alginate/chitosan or hyaluronan/chitosan). An important development of the applications of polysaccharides can be predicted for the next few years in relation to their intrinsic properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability in the human body for some of them; they are also renewable and have interesting physical properties (film‐forming, gelling and thickening properties). In addition, they are easily processed in different forms such as beads, films, capsules and fibres. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
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Biomembrana de quitosana-alginato na cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas em ratos.
Caetano, G. F. (2012) · doi:10.11606/d.87.2012.tde-26112012-093055 · Cited by 2
Sprouse, P. A. (2014) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas) · Cited by 2
Algan, C. (2013) · DiVA (Luleå University of Technology) · Cited by 2
Alginate‐Based Biomaterials for Bio‐Medical Applications
Antil, R., Hooda, R., Sharm, M., & Dahiya, P. (2019) · doi:10.1002/9781119487999.ch10 · Cited by 2
Valderrama, N., & Albarracín, W. (2014) · Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) · doi:10.1590/s1517-70762014000300013 · Cited by 1
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Nanofibers by Oil/Water Emulsion Method
Dhanusuraman, R., Muthusankar, E., & Kamalakannan, D. (2018) · Advanced Nano Research · doi:10.21467/anr.1.1.31-37 · Cited by 1
“These properties in combination with good mechanical properties make them good candidate materials for sutures that form the largest groups of material implants used in human body [15-17].”
BackgroundBiomedical Applications of Alginate in the Delivery System for Natural Products
Wang, J., & Chen, H. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6937-9_10 · Cited by 1
Sabu, S. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-2562-5_8 · Cited by 1
Ramirez‐Foyo, C. A., García‐Valdez, O., Leung, A. C. W., Lam, E., Champagne, P., & Cunningham, M. F. (2024) · Macromolecular Reaction Engineering · doi:10.1002/mren.202400031 · Cited by 1
Wang, H., Li, Z., Yang, W. B., Chang, L., & Yan, C. (2025) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-025-06018-4 · Cited by 1
“Among them, polysaccharides, including sucrose and alginate, can be widely used as stabilizing agents [36], and dextrohydroxyethyl starch can be used as a bulking agent for the formulation of hemoglobin by preventing aggregation [37].”
Pandey, A., Lee, Y. N., Abit, L. Y., & Fotedar, R. K. (2025) · Aquaculture Research · doi:10.1155/are/2387891 · Cited by 1
Emerging applications of macroalgae polysaccharides: a systematic review
de Lima, A. D. C. A., da Silva, R. G. C., Azevedo, W. O. B., Silva, M. V., Caetano, V. F., & Vinhas, G. M. (2025) · Polymer Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s00289-025-06208-1 · Cited by 2
Chitin- and chitosan-based composites for biomedical uses
Kundu, S., Das, S., Nayak, A. K., & Basu, A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95754-0.00013-4 · Cited by 1
Alginate and hyaluronic acid-based prodrugs: Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications
Fattahi, N., Linh, N. V., Khan, F., Kim, Y.-M., Kim, T.-H., & Jung, W. (2026) · Reactive and Functional Polymers · doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2026.106734 · Cited by 1
Formulation and Characterization of Fucoidan‐Based Hydrogels for 3D Printing Applications
Nunes, N. S. S., Yamashita, C., Moraes, I. C. F., Hilliou, L. H. G., Branco, C. C. Z., Haminiuk, C. W. I., Negreiros, A. T., Malacrida, C. R., & Branco, I. G. (2026) · Journal of Food Process Engineering · doi:10.1111/jfpe.70605 · Cited by 1
Karpiński, R., Łukaszczyk, A., Marchewka, J., Kąc, S., Kopia, A., Sitarz, M., Drożdż, K., Biegun-Drożdż, K., Gosiewski, T., Brzychczy‐Włoch, M., et al. (2026) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.167522 · Cited by 1
Biodegradable polymer-based stents: materials, design, and biomedical applications
Dik, G., Bakar, B., Gedik, K. K., Ulu, A., & Ateş, B. (2026) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d6ra00604c · Cited by 1
Heba, H. R., Amer, M., Elsayed, M. M. A., & Abo‐Amer, A. E. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-62841-4 · Cited by 1
“The viscosity-average molecular weight (M v ) was estimated using the Mark–Houwink–Sakurada equation: Literature-reported Mark–Houwink constants for water-soluble glucan-type polysaccharides in aqueous solution at 25 °C were applied 45,46 (K = 1.0–1.6 × 10 ⁻ ⁴ dL g ⁻ ¹; a = 0.70–0.85).”
InfluentialBiopolymer-based interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels for tissue engineering
Jia, M., Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., Fang, Y., Wu, K., Mengjia, G., Li, Q., Zhang, J., & Zhang, H. (2026) · Materials Chemistry Frontiers · doi:10.1039/d6qm00345a · Cited by 2
pH‐induced morphological changes of carboxymethyl chitosan self assembled monolayer films
Liu, W., Meng, X., Zhang, S., He, S., Mao, L., & Zhu, C. (2011) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.34062 · Cited by 1
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN COMPOSITES WITH SYNTHETIC POLYMERS AND INORGANIC ADDITIVES
Lewandowska, K. (2015) · Progress on Chemistry and application of Chitin and its Derivatives · doi:10.15259/pcacd.20.15 · Cited by 1
“The application of chitosan can be widened because of the addition of synthetic polymers and inorganic additives such as montmorillonite or hydroxyapatite [1-6].”
BackgroundCharacterization of Chitin Synthesized from Snail Shell
Adeosun, S. O., Gbenebor, O. P., Akpan, E. I., & Olaleye, S. A. (2017) · The minerals, metals & materials series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-51493-2_25 · Cited by 1
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Dennaoui, H., Chouery, É., & Harmoush, C. (2020) · Cellular Therapy and Transplantation · doi:10.18620/ctt-1866-8836-2020-9-4-59-67 · Cited by 1
“HA is used for diverse biomedical applications, due to its biocompatibility and water binding capacity [16, 17].”
BackgroundPolysaccharide-based Smart Materials
Zhao, Z., Chen, T., Yuan, X., Li, J., Shi, X., Bentley, W. E., Qu, X., & Payne, G. F. (2022) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781839166136-00262 · Cited by 1
Alginate-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Respiratory Disease
Gupta, R., Dan, D., Singh, A., & Nimisha (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7656-8_19 · Cited by 1
Alginate-Based Applications in Biotechnology with a Special Mention to Biosensors
Paul, A. A., Markus, V., Kristollari, K., & Marks, R. S. (2023) · Biochemistry · doi:10.5772/intechopen.110737 · Cited by 1
Bio-based Versus Petro-based Superabsorbent Polymers
Panda, S. K. (2023) · Engineering materials · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3094-4_3 · Cited by 1
Polysaccharide-based super moisture-absorbent hydrogels for sustainable agriculture applications
Saleem, S., Sharma, K., Sharma, V., Kumar, V., Sehgal, R., & Kumar, V. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99341-8.00017-x · Cited by 1
Marine Resources: A Sustainable and Promising Source for Cosmetic Industries
Rathinam, W. V. C. G., Bragadeeswaran, S., Kumaresan, S., Gunamathy, K., Visnu, B., Asarudeen, J. M., Sasidharan, T., & Srikavibharathi, S. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5057-3_6 · Cited by 2
Cationic Polysaccharides in Regenerative Medicine: Challenges and Perspectives
Spirk, S., & Mohan, T. (2014) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781782620105-00178 · Cited by 1
Role of Alginate in Drug Delivery Applications
Jana, S., Sen, K. K., Gandhi, A., Jana, S., & Roy, C. (2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315313535-18 · Cited by 1
Choudhuri, K., de Silva, U. K., Huynh, V. A., Wylie, R. G., & Lapitsky, Y. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/c8tb02104j · Cited by 1
Borja-Urzola, A. D. C., Bernal‐González, M., García-Gómez, R. S., Flores, R., & Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúa, M. D. C. (2020) · infoANALÍTICA · doi:10.26807/ia.v8i2.138 · Cited by 1
“Muchas de las propiedades características de la quitosana se deben a su naturaleza de polielectrolito catiónico (Kasaai et al., 2000; Rinaudo, 2008).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Rinaudo, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Rinaudo, Marguerite
- ORCID
- Rinaudo, Marguerite
- Venue
- Polymer International
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-10-09
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 397-430
- ISSN
- 0959-8103 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0126
- OpenAlex
- W2021252942
- Cited by
- 1,028
- References
- 527
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 39.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Polymer International (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Keywords
- polysaccharides, biomaterials, chitin, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate, carrageenan, seaweed polysaccharides, physical gels, thermoreversible gels, electrostatic complexes, chitosan-alginate, encapsulation, biocompatibility, biodegradability, polysaccharide modification, film-forming properties, thickening properties, bio-based polymers
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