The DOI matches its Crossref record; 107 of the 109 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Corporate responsibility and financial performance: the role of intangible resources
Open accessAbstract
This paper examines the effects of a firm's intangible resources in mediating the relationship between corporate responsibility and financial performance. We hypothesize that previous empirical findings of a positive relationship between social and financial performance may be spurious because the researchers failed to account for the mediating effects of intangible resources. Our results indicate that there is no direct relationship between corporate responsibility and financial performance—merely an indirect relationship that relies on the mediating effect of a firm's intangible resources. We demonstrate our theoretical contention with the use of a database comprising 599 companies from 28 countries. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Firms that participated in the voluntary disclosure of carbon emissions are expected to have high-quality staff and innovative technology (Surroca et al., 2010) [25], improving energy efficiency and their operating process.”
From Voluntary Disclosure of Carbon Emissions and Sustainable Existence of Firms: With a Focus on Human Resources of Internal Control System (2021) · cites this paper as Surroca et al., 2010
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Firms that participated in the voluntary disclosure of carbon emissions are expected to have high-quality staff and innovative technology (Surroca et al., 2010) [25], improving energy efficiency and their operating process.”
From Voluntary Disclosure of Carbon Emissions and Sustainable Existence of Firms: With a Focus on Human Resources of Internal Control System (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Stakeholder relationships constitute a source of competitive advantage (Surroca et al. 2010) that not only generate financial rents but also protect the firm against hostility (such as product harm crises) and contribute to firm survival (Choi and Wang 2009).”
From Stakeholder marketing: theoretical foundations and required capabilities (2015) · cites this paper as Surroca et al. 2010
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage
Barney, J. (1991) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639101700108 · Cited by 48,334
Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage
Barney, J. B. (2004) · Advances in strategic management · doi:10.1016/s0742-3322(00)17018-4 · Cited by 38,216
Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991) · The Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.2307/2297968 · Cited by 33,272
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577
A resource‐based view of the firm
Wernerfelt, B. (1984) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250050207 · Cited by 25,635
(2010) · Cited by 24,023
Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers
Jensen, M. C. (1986) · Cited by 17,275
Econometric Analysis of Panel Data
Baltagi, B. H. (2021) · Springer Texts in Business and Economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53953-5 · Cited by 15,104
Toward a New Conception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship
Porter, M. E., & Linde, C. V. D. (1995) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.9.4.97 · Cited by 13,365
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 109 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,001
Does corporate social responsibility extend firm life-cycles?
Hsu, F. J. (2018) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-09-2017-0865 · Cited by 37
Lee, J., & Kwon, H. (2019) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2019.1578430 · Cited by 47
Engida, T. G., Rao, X., & Lansink, A. O. (2020) · European Journal of Operational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.022 · Cited by 37
Kim, H. G., Chun, W., & Wang, Z. (2021) · The Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/10696679.2020.1865109 · Cited by 37
Khattak, M. S., Anwar, M., & Clauß, T. (2021) · The Journal of Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1177/09713557211025655 · Cited by 37
Mutuc, E. B., & Cabrilo, S. (2022) · Review of Managerial Science · doi:10.1007/s11846-022-00542-8 · Cited by 37
The perceived CSR-innovative behavior conundrum: Towards unlocking the socio-emotional black box
Pasricha, P., Nivedhitha, K. S., & Raghuvanshi, J. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113809 · Cited by 43
Bouten, L., Cho, C. H., Michelon, G., & Roberts, R. W. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3107182 · Cited by 37
ESG–CFP Linkages: A Review of Its Antecedents and Scope for Future Research
Singh, A., Singh, P., & Shome, S. (2022) · Indian Journal of Corporate Governance · doi:10.1177/09746862221089062 · Cited by 36
Athari, S. A., Saliba, C., Abboud, E., & El-Bayaa, N. (2024) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su16072783 · Cited by 35
Doing Well by Reporting Good: Reporting Corporate Responsibility and Corporate Performance
Lee, J., & Maxfield, S. (2015) · Business and Society Review · doi:10.1111/basr.12075 · Cited by 36
Godos‐Díez, J., García, L. C., & Fernández-González, C. (2018) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci8040057 · Cited by 36
Myšková, R., & Hájek, P. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10114119 · Cited by 36
Iqbal, Z. M., & Malik, M. (2019) · Business Strategy & Development · doi:10.1002/bsd2.53 · Cited by 39
Fan, J. H., Omura, A., & Roca, E. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131685 · Cited by 37
Khương, N. V., & Anh, L. H. T. (2022) · Social Responsibility Journal · doi:10.1108/srj-09-2021-0370 · Cited by 36
Cataltepe, V., Kamaşak, R., Bulutlar, F., & Alkan, D. P. (2022) · Journal of Asia Business Studies · doi:10.1108/jabs-11-2021-0475 · Cited by 44
Socially Responsible Human Resource Management
Barrena‐Martínez, J., Díaz-Carrión, R., & López‐Fernández, M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13701-3.00178-x · Cited by 36
The double‐edged sword of boundary‐spanning Corporate Social Responsibility programs
Gatignon, A. (2022) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.3403 · Cited by 37
The conscientious corporate brand: definition, operationalization and application in a B2B context
Abratt, R., & Kleyn, N. (2023) · Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing · doi:10.1108/jbim-10-2021-0468 · Cited by 37
ESG-CFP relationship: exploring the moderating role of financial slack
Singh, A., Verma, S., & Shome, S. (2023) · International Journal of Emerging Markets · doi:10.1108/ijoem-03-2022-0536 · Cited by 35
Is Sustainable Entrepreneurship Profitable? ESG Disclosure and the Financial Performance of SMEs
Momtaz, P. P., & Oller, I. M. P. (2024) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-024-00981-5 · Cited by 50
The Intentions with Which the Road is Paved: Attitudes to Liberalism as Determinants of Greenwashing
Roulet, T. J., & Touboul, S. (2014) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2097-8 · Cited by 46
Matuszak, Ł., & Różańska, E. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11010183 · Cited by 35
Vejvar, M., Lai, K., & Lo, C. K. Y. (2019) · Maritime Policy & Management · doi:10.1080/03088839.2019.1657971 · Cited by 35
Albertini, E. (2021) · Journal of Intellectual Capital · doi:10.1108/jic-06-2020-0215 · Cited by 35
Hichri, A., & Ltifi, M. (2021) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-10-2020-0472 · Cited by 35
Stella, G. P., Cervellati, E. M., Magni, D., Cillo, V., & Papa, A. (2022) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-12-2021-1681 · Cited by 41
Gallear, D., Ghobadian, A., & He, Q. (2014) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2014.937010 · Cited by 35
Polo, F. C., Hernández, M. I. S., & Gallardo‐Vázquez, D. (2017) · Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10806-017-9656-9 · Cited by 35
Uyar, A., Lodh, S., Nandy, M., Kuzey, C., & Karaman, A. S. (2023) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102649 · Cited by 37
Naseem, M. A., Battisti, E., Salvi, A., & Ahmad, M. I. (2023) · Journal of Intellectual Capital · doi:10.1108/jic-07-2023-0157 · Cited by 41
Nie, J., Xin, J., Xu, J., Xu, N., Jiang, T., & Yu, Y. (2024) · Economic Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.eap.2024.02.027 · Cited by 34
Business Sustainability and Its Effect on Performance Measures: A Comprehensive Analysis
Estébanez, R. P., & Martín, F. J. S. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17010297 · Cited by 34
Jean, R. “., Wang, Z., Zhao, X., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2016) · International Marketing Review · doi:10.1108/imr-04-2014-0115 · Cited by 35
Hernández‐Perlines, F., & Cisneros, M. A. I. (2017) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2017.1408209 · Cited by 37
Performance Outcomes of Investing Slack Resources in Corporate Social Responsibility
MATTINGLY, J. E., & Olsen, L. (2018) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051818762336 · Cited by 34
Exploring the Curvature of the Relationship Between HRM–CSR and Corporate Financial Performance
Meier, O., Naccache, P., & Schier, G. (2019) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-019-04332-3 · Cited by 30
Kachouri, M., Salhi, B., & Jarboui, A. (2020) · Journal of Global Responsibility · doi:10.1108/jgr-09-2019-0084 · Cited by 32
Guo, Z., Hou, S., & Li, Q. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12208452 · Cited by 34
Do co-opted boards strategically choose LGBT-supportive policies?
Chindasombatcharoen, P., Jiraporn, P., Kyaw, K., & Treepongkaruna, S. (2020) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101651 · Cited by 29
Ogunrinde, O., Shittu, E., & Dhanda, K. K. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2020.3040158 · Cited by 34
Adamska, A., & Dąbrowski, T. J. (2021) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126715 · Cited by 34
Ahsan, T., Al‐Gamrh, B., & Mirza, S. S. (2021) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2021.1983136 · Cited by 34
The influence of the institutional context on sustainability reporting. A cross-national analysis
Ferri, L. M. (2017) · Social Responsibility Journal · doi:10.1108/srj-11-2015-0172 · Cited by 34
Sustainability trade‐offs in the circular economy: A maturity‐based framework
Ünal, E., & Sinha, V. K. (2023) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.3386 · Cited by 33
Huang, Q., Zhang, Y., Li, X., Mu, X., & Wang, M. (2025) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.3202 · Cited by 35
Myšková, R., & Hájek, P. (2019) · JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES · doi:10.14254/2071-8330.2019/12-1/18 · Cited by 33
Suto, M., & Takehara, H. (2020) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2022 · Cited by 38
Razak, L. A., Ibrahim, M., & Ng, A. (2020) · Journal of Risk and Financial Management · doi:10.3390/jrfm13120316 · Cited by 31
Saridakis, C., Angelidou, S., & Woodside, A. G. (2022) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113553 · Cited by 33
Lee, J., Koh, K., & Shim, E. (2023) · Managerial Finance · doi:10.1108/mf-03-2023-0149 · Cited by 26
Individual firm and market dynamics of CSR activities
Wirl, F., Feichtinger, G., & Kort, P. M. (2012) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2012.12.004 · Cited by 33
Supply chain criticality in sustainable and resilient enterprises
Edgeman, R. L., & Wu, Z. (2016) · Journal of Modelling in Management · doi:10.1108/jm2-10-2014-0078 · Cited by 38
ESG: Research Progress and Future Prospects
Razov, P. V. (2022) · Sociopolitical sciences · doi:10.33693/2223-0092-2022-12-2-60-66 · Cited by 32
Liou, R., Ting, P., & Chen, Y.-Y. (2023) · Cross Cultural & Strategic Management · doi:10.1108/ccsm-09-2021-0165 · Cited by 45
The Controversial Link between CSR and Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Green Innovation
Homayoun, S., Mashayekhi, B., Jahangard, A., Samavat, M., & Rezaee, Z. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151310650 · Cited by 45
Sim, M., & Kim, H. (2024) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2024.2351179 · Cited by 36
Sirin, S. M., & Yilmaz, B. N. (2024) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107658 · Cited by 31
Environmental performance and firm performance in Europe : The moderating role of board governance
Dohrmann, M., Martínez-Blasco, M., Moring, A., & Cuadros, J. (2024) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2898 · Cited by 32
The multifaceted government influence on CSR activities: CSR decoupling in an emerging market
Wang, Y., Ma, J., Chang, X., & Wang, T. (2024) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/j.lrp.2024.102497 · Cited by 32
Alfiero, S., Battisti, E., Nirino, N., & Papa, A. (2025) · Journal of Knowledge Management · doi:10.1108/jkm-06-2024-0741 · Cited by 32
ISO 14001 in a corporate sustainability context: a multiple case study approach
Maletič, M., Podpečan, M., & Maletič, D. (2015) · Management of Environmental Quality An International Journal · doi:10.1108/meq-08-2014-0129 · Cited by 32
Anti-misconduct policies, corporate governance and capital market responses: International evidence
Li, C.-H., Li, J., Liu, M., Wang, Y., & Wu, Z. (2016) · Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money · doi:10.1016/j.intfin.2016.12.002 · Cited by 32
The Impact of Employees’ Perceptions of CSR on Career Satisfaction: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Al-Ghazali, B. M., & Sohail, M. S. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13095235 · Cited by 32
Corporate charitable contributions: business award winners' giving behaviors
Yoo, C., & Pae, J. (2015) · Business Ethics A European Review · doi:10.1111/beer.12090 · Cited by 32
Zahidy, A. A., Sorooshian, S., & Abd-Hamid, Z. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11226411 · Cited by 32
Responsible Innovation: The development and validation of a scale
Zhang, S. X., Chen, J., He, L., & Choudhury, A. (2023) · Technovation · doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2023.102754 · Cited by 31
Weber-Lewerenz, B. C., & Traverso, M. (2024) · Sustainable Development · doi:10.1002/sd.3094 · Cited by 31
Carè, R., Agnese, P., Cerciello, M., & Taddeo, S. (2025) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.4150 · Cited by 31
TECHNOLOGICAL POSTURE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: EFFECTS ON INNOVATION PERFORMANCE
Ramos, M. I. G., Donate, M. J., & Gómez, F. G. (2014) · Environmental Engineering and Management Journal · doi:10.30638/eemj.2014.279 · Cited by 31
Ashraf, N., Comyns, B., Tariq, S., & Chaudhry, H. R. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119846 · Cited by 31
Rauf, F., Voinea, C. L., Hashmi, H. B. A., & Fratostiteanu, C. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12083323 · Cited by 33
A Well-Defined Composite Indicator: An Application to Corporate Social Responsibility
Aparicio, J., Kapelko, M., & Monge, J. F. (2020) · Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications · doi:10.1007/s10957-020-01701-1 · Cited by 31
Gangi, F., D’Angelo, E., Daniele, L. M., & Varrone, N. (2020) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/bfj-02-2020-0140 · Cited by 31
Gulema, T. F., & Roba, Y. T. (2021) · Future Business Journal · doi:10.1186/s43093-021-00052-1 · Cited by 40
Managing corporate social responsibility in the bank sector: A fuzzy and disaggregated approach
Laguir, I., Stekelorum, R., Laguir, L., & Staglianò, R. (2021) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.2142 · Cited by 31
CSR Perceptions and Career Satisfaction: The Role of Psychological Capital and Moral Identity
Al-Ghazali, B. M., Sohail, M. S., & Jumaan, I. A. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13126786 · Cited by 31
Adams, D., Adams, K., Attah‐Boakye, R., Ullah, S., Rodgers, W., & Kimani, D. (2022) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102756 · Cited by 31
Tran, N., Dinh, C. T. H., Hoang, H., & Vo, D. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su141912763 · Cited by 31
Mushafiq, M., Prusak, B., & Markiewicz, M. (2023) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139396 · Cited by 31
Tian-ren-he-yi strategy: An Eastern perspective
Peng, M. W., Li, Y., & Tian, L. (2015) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-015-9448-6 · Cited by 31
Lee, J., Kim, S., & Kim, E. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13179955 · Cited by 30
Bigus, J., Hua, K. P. M., & Raithel, S. (2023) · Accounting and Business Research · doi:10.1080/00014788.2022.2149458 · Cited by 30
Corporate ESG performance, Shariah-compliant status and cash holdings
Ariff, A. M., Majid, N. A., Kamarudin, K. A., Abidin, A. F. Z., & Muhmad, S. N. (2023) · Journal of Islamic accounting and business research · doi:10.1108/jiabr-08-2022-0217 · Cited by 30
Ali, Q., Rusgianto, S., Parveen, S., Yaacob, H. B., & Zin, R. M. (2023) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-023-03520-6 · Cited by 30
Lanzalonga, F., Oppioli, M., Calandra, D., & Secinaro, S. F. (2024) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-09-2023-1664 · Cited by 37
Farooq, M., Khan, I., Kainat, M., & Mumtaz, A. (2024) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-08-2023-0341 · Cited by 50
ESG ratings in the mining industry: Factors and implications
Fikru, M. G., Brodmann, J., Eng, L. L., & Grant, J. A. (2024) · The Extractive Industries and Society · doi:10.1016/j.exis.2024.101521 · Cited by 30
Liu, Y., Wang, B., & Song, Z. (2024) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103872 · Cited by 34
Shrestha, C., Andrikopoulos, P., & Park, J. S. (2025) · Research in International Business and Finance · doi:10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102916 · Cited by 30
The economic consequences of business sustainability initiatives
Lau, C. K. (2019) · Asia Pacific Journal of Management · doi:10.1007/s10490-018-9623-7 · Cited by 30
Wu, W., Ullah, R., & Shah, S. J. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12041446 · Cited by 30
Media reputation: a source of banks' financial performance
Doan, N. T., Hoang, D. P., & Anh, P. T. H. (2020) · International Journal of Bank Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijbm-02-2020-0047 · Cited by 30
Zahid, M., Naeem, H., Aftab, I., & Mughal, S. A. (2021) · Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1108/apjie-04-2020-0046 · Cited by 30
Martínez‐Ferrero, J., Barbadillo, E. R., & Guidi, M. (2021) · Business Ethics the Environment & Responsibility · doi:10.1111/beer.12355 · Cited by 30
The moderating effect of financial stability on the CSR and bank performance
Saadaoui, A., & Salah, O. B. (2022) · EuroMed Journal of Business · doi:10.1108/emjb-10-2021-0163 · Cited by 30
Huang, C., & Mirza, S. S. (2022) · Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance · doi:10.1002/jcaf.22586 · Cited by 30
Tayşir, E. A., & PAZARCIK, Y. (2013) · Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.497 · Cited by 30
Walker, K., Zhang, Z., & Yu, B. (2016) · European Business Review · doi:10.1108/ebr-11-2015-0139 · Cited by 30
Metadata
- Authors
- Surroca, J., Tribó, J. A., & Waddock, S.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (ES)
- Boston College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Surroca, Jordi
- Venue
- Strategic Management Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-11-17
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 463-490
- ISSN
- 0143-2095 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0266
- OpenAlex
- W2493849050
- Cited by
- 2,252
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 119 · 2025: 177 · 2024: 167 · 2023: 176 · 2022: 218 · 2021: 181 · 2020: 195 · 2019: 154 · 2018: 165 · 2017: 128 · 2016: 124 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 75
- FWCI
- 123.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Strategic Management Journal (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- e-Archivo (Carlos III University of Madrid) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Comunidad de Madrid (# 2008/00037/001, # 2009/00138/001, S2007/HUM-0413)
- Fundación Ramón Areces
- Ministry of Education and Science (# SEJ2006-01731, # SEJ2006-09401, # CSD 2006-16, ECO2009-10796, ECO2009-08308)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Corporate Identity and Reputation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Intellectual Capital and Performance Analysis
- Keywords
- corporate social responsibility, financial performance, intangible resources, mediating effect, spurious correlations, social performance, firm resources
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
