The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spin Networks in Gauge Theory
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In the citing paper
“The first attempt [12] was largely exploratory. Thus, although the key ideas were recognized, the very simplest of loop states were considered and the simplest eigenvalues were looked at; there was no claim of completeness.”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
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In the citing paper
“In the present language, this corresponds to restricting oneself to bi-valent graphs.”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
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In the citing paper
“Just as a polymer, although intrinsically 1-dimensional, exhibits 3-dimensional properties in sufficiently complex and densely packed configurations, the fundamental 1-dimensional excitations of geometry can be packed appropriately to provide a geometry which, when coarse-grained on scales much larger than the Planck length, lead us to continuum geometries [12,22].”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In this case, apart from an overall numerical factor (which does, however, have some conceptual significance) our results reduce to that of [12].”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Area operators were first examined in the loop representation.”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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In the citing paper
“This is the case even in semi-classical states which approximate classical geometries macroscopically [12,22].”
From Quantum theory of geometry: I. Area operators (1997) · cites this paper as [12]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“This class includes all Euclidean simplicial four dimensional gravity models except that of Iwasaki [28].”
From Spacetime as a Feynman diagram: the connection formulation (2001) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Then by a now familiar argument [13], defines a state in L 2 (A S /G S ), which we also call .Moreover, such spin network states span L 2 (A S /G S ).”
From Spin foam models (1998) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, since spin networks form a very convenient basis of kinematical states [13], they have largely replaced collections of loops as our basic picture of 'quantum 3-geometries'.”
From Spin foam models (1998) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, since spin networks form a very convenient basis of kinematical states [13], they have largely replaced collections of loops as our basic picture of 'quantum 3-geometries'.”
From Spin foam models (1998) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Their value is determined by the matrix elements of the hamiltonian constraint, which are known.”
From “Sum over surfaces” form of loop quantum gravity (1997) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“Matrix elements of this operator have been computed explicitly in [34], using the methods developed in [23].”
From “Sum over surfaces” form of loop quantum gravity (1997) · cites this paper as [34]
In the citing paper
“The vertex A v ( σ ) of general relativity is given by a product of Wigner 3 n -j symbols [34].”
From “Sum over surfaces” form of loop quantum gravity (1997) · cites this paper as [34]
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Citations
Cites
Invariants of 3-manifolds via link polynomials and quantum groups
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Generalized measures in gauge theory
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1 of the 21 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [14]14. R. Penrose, Angular momentum; an approach to combinatorial space time, in ``Quantum Theory and Beyond'' (T. Bastin, Ed.), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 1971.
- [16]16. C. Rovelli and L. Smolin, Loop representation for quantum general relativity, Nucl. Phys. B 331 (1990), 80 152.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Baez, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baez, John C.
- ORCID
- Baez, John C.
- Venue
- Advances in Mathematics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-02
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-272
- ISSN
- 0001-8708 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1811947045
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 19.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advances in Mathematics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Geometry and Topology › Geometric and Algebraic Topology
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Mathematical Physics › Advanced Operator Algebra Research
- Keywords
- spin networks, gauge theory, principal bundles, spin network states, orthonormal bases, unitary irreducible representations, intertwining operators, loop representation, quantum gravity, category theory
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