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Shift Related Dietary Intake in Day and Shift Workers
Abstract
To study the impact of work hours on eating habits the dietary intake of 96 male industrial workers on day work and two- and three-shift work was investigated using repeated 24 h recall. The intake of energy, 14 nutrients, and coffee and tea was computed, using a nutrient data base, for 8 h work and shifts (day, morning, afternoon, night) and for the 24-h periods including these work shifts. No changes in intake of energy, nutrients and coffee/tea were observed between 8 h morning and afternoon shifts, but there was a reduction in intake during 8 h night shifts. Night shift work caused a redistribution of food and coffee intake, but not an overall 24 h reduction. On the whole, the energy-intake and the quality of food intake (percentages of energy from macronutrients and density of micronutrients) were not affected by shift work, although the intake of carbohydrates was lower in day- and three-shift workers during days off. The intake of alcohol was higher during days off in all groups. In summary, two- and three-shift work in this study affected the circadian distribution of food intakes and coffee consumption, but not the overall 24-h consumption.
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“It is known that shift workers have an increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer (11) , CVD and the metabolic syndrome (12) .”
From Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
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Rotating Night Shift Work and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Two Prospective Cohort Studies in Women
Pan, A., Schernhammer, E. S., Sun, Q., & Hu, F. B. (2011) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001141 · Cited by 805
“However, our study and previous studies showed only small differences in nutritional intake and eating patterns between daytime and shift workers [18]–[20], although shifting the time of food intake may influence the postprandial glucose and insulin levels [21],[22], and increase body mass [23].”
ResultShift work and cardiovascular disease – pathways from circadian stress to morbidity
Puttonen, S., Härmä, M., & Hublin, C. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.2894 · Cited by 560
“In a Swedish study, Lennernäs et al (54) found that working two and three shifts affected the circadian distribution of food and coffee consumption but not the overall 24-hour consumption.”
BackgroundEffect of ambience on food intake and food choice
Stroebele, N., & De Castro, J. M. (2004) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.05.012 · Cited by 553
Obesity and shift work: chronobiological aspects
Antunes, L. C., Levandovski, R., Dantas, G., Caumo, W., & Hidalgo, M. P. (2010) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422410000016 · Cited by 493
“Some studies suggest indirectly that the metabolic efficiency of the diet is different depending on the time that food is eaten (38,40–55) .”
Eating and shift work - effects on habits, metabolism and performance
Lowden, A., Moreno, C., Holmbäck, U., Lennernäs, M., & Tucker, P. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.2898 · Cited by 492
“Lennernäs, et al, 1995 (29) Interview, 24-h recall M/A/N ≈1 week 25–55 100 Time trend 59 37 Total energy, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, nutrient density, energy density, meal times Yes Yes No → Total energy intake M/A/N; ↓ energy during N”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- LENNERNÄS, M., HAMBRAEUS, L., & ÅKERSTEDT, T.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- ORCID
- ÅKERSTEDT, TORBJÖRN
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-12
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 253-266
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2026683970
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- shift work, night shift work, dietary intake, circadian rhythm, coffee consumption, alcohol consumption, energy intake, macronutrient composition, micronutrient density, day laborers, industrial workers, carbohydrate intake
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Energy Intake, Circadian Rhythm, Coffee, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Tea, Work, Work Schedule Tolerance, Diet Records
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