The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
In Defense of Representation
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hutchins, E. (1995) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/1881.001.0001 · Cited by 10,801
Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding.
Biederman, I. (1987) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.94.2.115 · Cited by 5,621
Connectionism and cognitive architecture: A critical analysis
Fodor, J. A., & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1988) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(88)90031-5 · Cited by 4,022
Context theory of classification learning
Medin, D. L., & Schaffer, M. M. (1978) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.85.3.207 · Cited by 3,061
A spreading activation theory of memory.
Anderson, J. R. (1983) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(83)90201-3 · Cited by 2,199
Image And Brain: The Resolution of the Imagery Debate
Kosslyn, S. M. (1994) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/3653.001.0001 · Cited by 1,977
Failure to detect changes to people during a real-world interaction
Simons, D. J., & Levin, D. T. (1998) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03208840 · Cited by 733
What determines initial feeling of knowing? Familiarity with question terms, not with the answer.
Reder, L. M., & Ritter, F. E. (1992) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.18.3.435 · Cited by 464
Cited by
Six views of embodied cognition
Wilson, M. (2002) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03196322 · Cited by 4,782
Darwin's mistake: Explaining the discontinuity between human and nonhuman minds
Penn, D. C., Holyoak, K. J., & Povinelli, D. J. (2008) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x08003543 · Cited by 1,174
Self-organization of cognitive performance.
Van Orden, G. C., Holden, J. G., & Turvey, M. T. (2003) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.3.331 · Cited by 718
On the need for embodied and dis-embodied cognition
Dove, G. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00242 · Cited by 113
Abstract Concepts and the Embodied Mind: Rethinking Grounded Cognition
Dove, G. (2022) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190061975.001.0001 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Markman, A. B., & Dietrich, E.
- Venue
- Cognitive Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 138-171
- ISSN
- 0010-0285 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2160819725
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 15.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: In Defense of Representation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1006/cogp.1999.0727
- The paper
- Markman, A. B., & Dietrich, E. (2000). In Defense of Representation. Cognitive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1999.0727
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.