Mutational analysis of endothelin receptor b1 (rose) during neural crest and pigment pattern development in the zebrafish Danio rerio
Open accessAbstract
Pigment patterns of fishes are a tractable system for studying the genetic and cellular bases for postembryonic phenotypes. In the zebrafish Danio rerio, neural crest-derived pigment cells generate different pigment patterns during different phases of the life cycle. Whereas early larvae exhibit simple stripes of melanocytes and silver iridophores in a background of yellow xanthophores, this pigment pattern is transformed at metamorphosis into that of the adult, comprising a series of dark melanocyte and iridophore stripes, alternating with light stripes of iridophores and xanthophores. Although several genes have been identified in D. rerio that contribute to the development of both early larval and adult pigment patterns, comparatively little is known about genes that are essential for pattern formation during just one or the other life cycle phase. In this study, we identify the gene responsible for the rose mutant phenotype in D. rerio. rose mutants have wild-type early larval pigment patterns, but fail to develop normal numbers of melanocytes and iridophores during pigment pattern metamorphosis and exhibit a disrupted pattern of these cells. We show that rose corresponds to endothelin receptor b1 (ednrb1), an orthologue of amniote Ednrb genes that have long been studied for their roles in neural crest and pigment cell development. Furthermore, we demonstrate that D. rerio ednrb1 is expressed both during pigment pattern metamorphosis and during embryogenesis, and cells of melanocyte, iridophore, and xanthophore lineages all express this gene. These analyses suggest a phylogenetic conservation of roles for Ednrb signaling in the development of amniote and teleost pigment cell precursors. As murine Ednrb is essential for the development of all neural crest derived melanocytes, and D. rerio ednrb1 is required only by a subset of adult melanocytes and iridophores, these analyses also reveal variation among vertebrates in the cellular requirements for Ednrb signaling, and suggest alternative models for the cellular and genetic bases of pigment pattern metamorphosis in D. rerio.
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Endothelin receptor (ednrb1) signaling is required for iridophore development in zebrafish.
“Relatedly, endothelin receptor (ednrb1) signaling is required for iridophore development in zebrafish [5].”
From Gene Expression Analysis of Zebrafish Melanocytes, Iridophores, and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Reveals Indicators of Biological Function and Developmental Origin (2013) · cites this paper as [5]
The Abstract states that zebrafish ednrb1 is required for a subset of adult iridophores. The section ‘ednrb1 Is Expressed during Pigment Pattern Metamorphosis’ reports a severe iridophore deficit in mutant adults but no gross pigment-pattern defect in mutant embryos. The claim omits the adult-stage and subset qualifications, making the requirement sound general. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredGenetically or experimentally induced deficiencies in iridophores cause pattern defects, including alterations in primary stripe positioning and boundary formation, and also lead to reductions or losses of secondary interstripes and stripes.
“The iridophore’s importance in skin patterning has been demonstrated in experiments showing that genetically or experimentally induced deficiencies in iridophores cause pattern defects, including alterations in primary stripe positioning and boundary formation, and also lead to reductions or losses of secondary interstripes and stripes13–17.”
From In situ differentiation of iridophore crystallotypes underlies zebrafish stripe patterning (2020) · cites this paper as [16]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSeveral neural crest-derived pigment cells are found in zebrafish and other poikilotherms, including reflective iridophores.
“In contrast, several neural crest-derived pigment cells are found in zebrafish and other poikilotherms, including reflective iridophores [5].”
Several requirements for iridophore development from the neural crest are known.
“Several requirements for iridophore development from the neural crest are known [5], [26], [27].”
The iridophore enrichment list includes factors known to be important for iridophore development, including ltk, ednrb1, and pnp4a.
“Included in this enrichment list are several factors known to be important for iridophore development, including ltk, ednrb1, and pnp4a [5], [26], [27].”
ltk, ednrb1, and pnp4a are known to be important for iridophore development.
“Included in this enrichment list are several factors known to be important for iridophore development, including ltk, ednrb1, and pnp4a [5], [26], [27].”
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Research works printed but not linked: 13
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- Gariepy, C. E., Cass, D. T., and Yanagisawa, M. (1996). Null mutation of endothelin receptor type B gene in spotting lethal rats causes aganglionic megacolon and white coat color. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 867-872.
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- Lahav, R., Ziller, C., Dupin, E., and Le Douarin, N. M. (1996). Endothelin 3 promotes neural crest cell proliferation and medi- ates a vast increase in melanocyte number in culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 3892-3897.
- Lecoin, L., Sakurai, T., Ngo, M.-T., Abe, Y., Yanagisawa, M., and Le Douarin, N. M. (1998). Cloning and characterization of a novel endothelin receptor subtype in the avian class. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 3024 -3029.
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- Authors
- Parichy, D. M., Mellgren, E. M., Rawls, J. F., Lopes, S. S., Kelsh, R. N., & Johnson, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Bath (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Parichy, David M.
- Venue
- Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 227
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 294-306
- ISSN
- 0012-1606 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2166026800
- Cited by
- 230
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (9750006)
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01-56988)
- Medical Research Council
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Keywords
- zebrafish, neural crest, melanocytes, iridophores, xanthophores, metamorphosis, gene expression, melanocyte lineage, phylogenetic conservation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Mutational Analysis, Melanocytes, Metamorphosis, Biological, Mutation, Neural Crest, Phenotype, Pigmentation, Zebrafish, In Situ Hybridization, Receptors, Endothelin, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Endothelin-1, Body Patterning, Receptor, Endothelin B
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