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Developmental Differences in Eyewitness Suggestibility and Memory for Source
Abstract
To what extent do children who report suggested information believe they actually remember seeing the suggested details they report? Asking whether children misremember seeing suggested items is in essence a question about children's ability to monitor the source of their memories. The current study reports the results of two experiments designed to assess potential age-related changes in subjects' ability to accurately monitor the source of suggested information either immediately or following a 1-week delay. The results of both experiments revealed that although all subjects claimed to remember seeing suggested items, the magnitude of this effect varied with age such that first-graders made more source confusions than third- and fifth-graders, who in turn made more confusions than college subjects. Our findings suggest that these age differences are not simply a function of more general age-related memory or performance deficits, but instead reflect developmental differences in the tendency to confuse suggested information for actually witnessed events.
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“Because preadolescents may be more suggestible than older adolescents,16 there is concern that they might internalize the idea of suicide simply because it was mentioned in a screening, even if they had not previously considered it.17”
From Asking Preadolescents About Suicide Is Not Associated With Increased Suicidal Thoughts (2026) · cites this paper as [16]
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Jeopardy in the courtroom: A scientific analysis of children's testimony.
Ceci, S. J., & Bruck, M. (1995) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10180-000 · Cited by 786
(2005) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195154054.001.0001 · Cited by 586
Investigative interviews of children: A guide for helping professionals.
Poole, D. A., & Lamb, M. E. (1998) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10301-000 · Cited by 531
THE SUGGESTIBILITY OF CHILDREN'S MEMORY
Bruck, M., & Ceci, S. J. (1999) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.50.1.419 · Cited by 530
Developmental reversals in false memory: a review of data and theory.
Brainerd, C., Reyna, V., & Ceci, S. (2008) · Psychological bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.343 · Cited by 372
“…designs were intended to emulate the manipulative interviewing practices that first fomented scientific interest in children’s false memories (e.g., Ackil & Zaragoza, 1995, 1998; Bjorklund, Bjorklund, & Brown, 1998; Bjorklund et al., 2000; Eisen, Qin, Goodman, & Davis, 2002; Goodman, Quas,…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Ackil, J. K., & Zaragoza, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Gustavus Adolphus College (US)
- Kent State University (US)
- ORCID
- Zaragoza, Maria S.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-08
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-83
- ISSN
- 0022-0965 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2089122366
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Child Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh047858-03)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH47858)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- eyewitness suggestibility, source monitoring, source confusion, children's memory, age differences, developmental differences, memory distortion, eyewitness testimony
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Reality Testing, Mental Recall, Retention, Psychology, Suggestion, Visual Perception
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