The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Productivity Gains from Geographic Concentration of Human Capital: Evidence from the Cities
Open accessAbstract
Based on recent theoretical developments I argue that the average level of human capital is a local public good. Cities with higher average levels of human capital should therefore have higher wages and higher land rents. After conditioning on the characteristics of individual workers and dwellings, this prediction is supported by data for Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) in the United States, where the SMSA average levels of formal education and work experience are used as proxies for the average level of human capital. I evaluate the alternative explanations of omitted SMSA variables and self-selection. I conclude by computing an estimate of the effect of an additional year of average education on total factor productivity.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Caragliu, A., Del Bo, C., & Nijkamp, P. (2011) · Journal of Urban Technology · doi:10.1080/10630732.2011.601117 · Cited by 3,409
Learning about a New Technology: Pineapple in Ghana
Conley, T. G., & Udry, C. R. (2010) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.100.1.35 · Cited by 2,180
Identifying Agglomeration Spillovers: Evidence from Winners and Losers of Large Plant Openings
Greenstone, M., Hornbeck, R., & Moretti, E. (2010) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/653714 · Cited by 1,138
Human Capital and Regional Development *
Gennaioli, N., La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer, A. (2013) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjs050 · Cited by 1,082
THE MAGNITUDE AND CAUSES OF AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
Puga, D. (2010) · Journal of Regional Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9787.2009.00657.x · Cited by 939
Metadata
- Authors
- Rauch, J. E.
- Venue
- Journal of Urban Economics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1993-11
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 380-400
- ISSN
- 0094-1190 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2892005447
- Cited by
- 1,290
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 18.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Productivity Gains from Geographic Concentration of Human Capital: Evidence from the Cities. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1006/juec.1993.1042
- The paper
- Rauch, J. E. (1993). Productivity Gains from Geographic Concentration of Human Capital: Evidence from the Cities. Journal of Urban Economics. https://doi.org/10.1006/juec.1993.1042
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
