Clostridium difficile in food and animals: a comprehensive review.
Open accessAbstract
Zoonoses are infections or diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans through direct contact, close proximity or the environment. Clostridium difficile is ubiquitous in the environment, and the bacterium is able to colonise the intestinal tract of both animals and humans. Since domestic and food animals frequently test positive for toxigenic C. difficile, even without showing any signs of disease, it seems plausible that C. difficile could be zoonotic. Therefore, animals could play an essential role as carriers of the bacterium. In addition, the presence of the spores in different meats, fish, fruits and vegetables suggests a risk of foodborne transmission. This review summarises the current available data on C. difficile in animals and foods, from when the bacterium was first described up to the present.
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Clostridial gastrointestinal diseases of animals have been well documented, but primarily in domestic livestock, pets, and captive terrestrial mammals, with few reported cases in terrestrial wildlife, and in captive marine birds and marine mammals.
“Clostridial gastrointestinal diseases of animals have been well documented, but primarily in domestic livestock, pets, and captive terrestrial mammals (Neiffer, 2001;Bojesen et al., 2006;Rodriguez et al., 2016;Uzal et al., 2016;Capewell et al., 2020;Nyaoke et al., 2020), with few reported cases in terrestrial wildlife (Asaoka et al., 2004;Boujon et al., 2005;Silva et al., 2014), and in captive”
From Novel Lethal Clostridial Infection in Florida Manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris): Cause of the 2013 Unusual Mortality Event in the Indian River Lagoon (2022) · cites this paper as Rodriguez et al., 2016
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Cites
Pet husbandry and infection control practices related to zoonotic disease risks in Ontario, Canada
Stull, J. W., Peregrine, A. S., Sargeant, J. M., & Weese, J. S. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-520 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Fatal enterocolitis in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) caused by Clostridium difficile.
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Intestinal flora of some Antarctic birds and mammals.
McBee, R. H. (1960) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.79.2.311-312.1960 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
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Landsberg, J. H., Tabuchi, M., Rotstein, D. S., Subramaniam, K., Rodrigues, T. C. S., Waltzek, T. B., Stacy, N. I., Wilson, P. W., Kiryu, Y., Uzal, F. A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.841857 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rodriguez, C., Taminiau, B., Van Broeck, J., Delmée, M., & Daube, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Liège (BE)
- UCLouvain (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Rodriguez, C.
- Venue
- Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 932
- Pages
- 65-92
- ISSN
- 0065-2598 (ISSN-L)
- 2214-8019
- OpenAlex
- W2465952491
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 33.89
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orbi.uliege.be
- Licence
- Locations
- Advances in experimental medicine and biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Safety and Hygiene
- Keywords
- Clostridium difficile, zoonoses, foodborne transmission, food contamination, reservoir hosts, toxigenic strains, bacterial spores, meat and fish, intestinal colonization
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Food Contamination, Food Microbiology, Humans, Meat, Zoonoses, Clostridioides difficile
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