The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; the references it cites are not checked yet.
The Classical Atomic Clocks
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Although many kinds of random noises affect OAC signals [53], the most prominent components are white frequency modulation and random walk frequency modulation [54].”
From Unification of a Global Height System at the Centimeter-Level Using Precise Clock Frequency Signal Links (2023) · cites this paper as [53]
Citations
The citation lists are queued
They are fetched later and appear here then.
References 9
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- H.A. Lorentz, The Theory of Electrons, 2nd edn. (Dover, New York, NY, 1952)
- G. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure, 2nd edn. (Dover, New York, NY, 2010)
- M.S. Longair, Theoretical Concepts in Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1984), p. 32
- Louis de Broglie, Matter and Light, Dover English edition 1939
- R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton, M. Sands, Lectures on Physics, vol. III (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1965)
- N.F. Ramsey, Molecular Beams (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990). new edn
- R.H. Dicke, The Effect of Collisions Upon the Doppler Width. Phys. Rev. 89, 472–73 (1953) · DOI · Paper page
- H. Margenau, G.M. Murphy, The Mathematics of Physics and Chemistry, 2nd edn. (Young Press, 2009)
Metadata
- Authors
- Major, F. G.
- Corresponding author
- Major, F. G.
- Venue
- Quo Vadis: Evolution of Modern Navigation
- Publisher
- Springer New York
- Published
- 2013-08-23
- Pages
- 151-180
- OpenAlex
- W98476344
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
- www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Keywords
- atomic clocks, quantum transitions, quantum degeneracy, atomic motion, atomic radiation, history of quantum theory, classical electrodynamics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Classical Atomic Clocks. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/978-1-4614-8672-5_8
- The paper
- Major, F. G. (2014). The Classical Atomic Clocks. Quo Vadis: Evolution of Modern Navigation. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8672-5_8
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
