Modeling of Fungal Biofilms Using a Rat Central Vein Catheter
Open accessAbstract
Candida frequently grows as a biofilm, or an adherent community of cells protected from both the host immune system and antimicrobial therapies. Biofilms represent the predominant mode of growth for many clinical infections, including those associated with placement of a medical device. Here, we describe a model for Candida biofilm infection of one important clinical niche, a venous catheter. This animal model system incorporates the anatomical site, immune components, and fluid dynamics of a patient venous catheter infection and can be used for study of biofilm formation, drug resistance, and gene expression.
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No sex bias has been observed in the rat external jugular venous catheter biofilm model.
“Experiments were conducted using male rats as no sex bias has been observed in this model, thus reducing the extraneous use of animals82,83.”
From Adhesin Als4112 promotes Candida auris skin colonization through interactions with keratinocytes and extracellular matrix proteins (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
The Introduction describes the rat jugular-vein catheter biofilm model, and Methods §3.4 describes animal care, but neither reports a comparison between male and female rats or addresses sex bias. Searches for sex bias, sex differences, and male rats found no passage supporting that claim. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Cites
Genetic Basis of<i>Candida</i>Biofilm Resistance Due to Drug‐Sequestering Matrix Glucan
Nett, J. E., Sanchez, H., Cain, M. T., & Andes, D. R. (2010) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/651200 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Self-citationUppuluri, P., Nett, J., Heitman, J., & Andes, D. (2008) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01397-07 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Self-citationTime Course Global Gene Expression Analysis of an In Vivo<i>Candida</i>Biofilm
Nett, J. E., Lepak, A. J., Marchillo, K., & Andes, D. R. (2009) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/599838 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 12
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Dalal, C. K., Zuleta, I. A., Mitchell, K. F., Andes, D. R., El-Samad, H., & Johnson, A. D. (2016) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.18981 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of antifungals against Candida biofilm in catheter-related candidemia
Bouza, E., Guinea, J., & Guembe, M. (2014) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics4010001 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Johnson, C. J., Kernien, J. F., Hoyer, A. R., & Nett, J. E. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13588-6 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, G., Lyu, J., Veniaminova, N. A., Zarnowski, R., Mattos, E., Johnson, C. J., Quintanilla, D., Hautau, H., Hold, L. A., Xu, B., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60876-1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Nett, J. E., Marchillo, K., & Andes, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Andes, David R.
- Venue
- Methods in Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- Humana Press
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 845
- Pages
- 547-556
- ISSN
- 1064-3745 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-6029
- PMC
- PMC3341608
- OpenAlex
- W1665447717
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 7.95
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Methods in molecular biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007899)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI073289)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Keywords
- fungal biofilms, Candida, central venous catheters, catheter-related bloodstream infection, animal models, biofilm formation, drug resistance, gene expression, immune response, fluid dynamics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Candida, Candidiasis, Catheterization, Central Venous, Equipment Contamination, Male, Models, Biological, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Biofilms, Models, Animal, Rats
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