The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Consequences of Lowering the Voting Age to 16: Lessons from Comparative Research
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In the citing paper
“The results of analyses of both aggregate and individual level data indicate that indeed there is a substantive positive effect on turnout in these countries in the long run.”
From Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared (2021) · cites this paper as Franklin (2020)
In the citing paper
“These effects are somewhat imprecisely measured, because of limitations in the data; the main limitation being that the data cover a relatively short time span in just a handful of countries.”
From Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared (2021) · cites this paper as Franklin (2020)
In the citing paper
“Franklin (2020) finds that there is a moderate rise in voter volatility when the voting age is lowered.”
From Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared (2021) · cites this paper as Franklin (2020)
In the citing paper
“However, no negative consequences for turnout from lowering the voting age to 18 were found at these more current reductions to 16; rather there were statistically significant positive effects.”
From Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared (2021) · cites this paper as Franklin (2020)
In the citing paper
“Franklin (2020) compares turnout in Austria and several Latin American countries that lowered the voting age to 16 (Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, and Nicaragua) to countries that did not adopt the reform, finding that countries that enfranchised young people at age 16 saw a significant boost in turnout in the ten to 20 years following the reform.”
From Longer-Term Effects of Voting at Age 16: Higher Turnout Among Young People in Scotland (2025) · cites this paper as Franklin, 2020
Citations
Cites
What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data
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A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting: Taking Account of the Political Context
Powell, G. B., & Whitten, G. D. (1993) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/2111378 · Cited by 2,158
European Union: Power and Policy-Making
Richardson, J. (2015) · Cited by 1,139
Becoming a Habitual Voter: Inertia, Resources, and Growth in Young Adulthood
PLUTZER, E. (2002) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055402004227 · Cited by 1,066
Conditional automaticity: Varieties of automatic influence in social perception and cognition.
Bargh, J. A. (1989) · Cited by 974
Predicting Behavior From Actions in the Past: Repeated Decision Making or a Matter of Habit?
Aarts, H., Verplanken, B., & van Knippenberg, A. (1998) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01681.x · Cited by 923
Butler, D., & Stokes, D. (1974) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-02048-5 · Cited by 867
Stata Tip 87: Interpretation of Interactions in Nonlinear Models
Buis, M. L. (2010) · The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata · doi:10.1177/1536867x1001000211 · Cited by 469
Lau, R. R., & Redlawsk, D. P. (1997) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2952076 · Cited by 439
Voting at 16: Turnout and the quality of vote choice
Wagner, M., Johann, D., & Kritzinger, S. (2012) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2012.01.007 · Cited by 155
The Legacy of Lethargy: How Elections to the European Parliament Depress Turnout
Franklin, M. N., & Hobolt, S. B. (2011) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2010.09.019 · Cited by 121
Self-citationFamiliarity and Inertia in the Formation of Governing Coalitions in Parliamentary Democracies
Franklin, M. N., & Mackie, T. T. (1983) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123400003276 · Cited by 102
Self-citationWhy Does the American National Election Study Overestimate Voter Turnout?
Jackman, S. D., & Spahn, B. (2018) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1017/pan.2018.36 · Cited by 85
Turnout and the party system in Canada, 1988–2004
Johnston, R., Matthews, J. S., & Bittner, A. (2007) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2007.08.002 · Cited by 61
European elections and the European voter
Franklin, M. N., & HOBOLT, S. B. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315735399-17 · Cited by 46
Self-citationIf I recall correctly. An event history analysis of forgetting and recollecting past voting behavior
van Elsas, E., Miltenburg, E., & van der Meer, T. (2016) · Journal of Elections Public Opinion and Parties · doi:10.1080/17457289.2016.1150286 · Cited by 38
Electoral Competitiveness and Turnout in British Elections, 1964–2010
Vowles, J., Katz, G., & Stevens, D. P. (2015) · Political Science Research and Methods · doi:10.1017/psrm.2015.67 · Cited by 28
Franklin, M. N. (2014) · Cited by 16
Self-citationPolitical Science Research Methods in Action
Bruter, M., & Lodge, M. C. (2013) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137318268 · Cited by 10
EACEA 2010/03: youth participation in democratic life, final report
Cammaerts, B., Bruter, M., Banaji, S., Harrison, S., & Anstead, N. (2013) · Cited by 7
Error-Correction as a Concept and as a Method: Time Series Analysis of Policy-Opinion Responsiveness
Jennings, W. (2013) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137318268_10 · Cited by 6
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Franklin, M. (2004). The dynamics of electoral competition since 1945. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Cited by
Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared
Eichhorn, J., & Bergh, J. (2021) · Parliamentary Affairs · doi:10.1093/pa/gsab019 · Cited by 25
Longer-Term Effects of Voting at Age 16: Higher Turnout Among Young People in Scotland
Eichhorn, J., & Huebner, C. (2025) · Politics and Governance · doi:10.17645/pag.9283 · Cited by 9
“Investigating this argument empirically is additionally complicated by the fact that findings may be subject to recall error (Franklin, 2020) and that the electoral context in which a young voter is enfranchised matters for a cohort’s starting level of political engagement (Smets & Neundorf, 2014).”
Influential
Metadata
- Authors
- Franklin, M. N.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Franklin, Mark N.
- ORCID
- Franklin, Mark N.
- Venue
- Lowering the Voting Age to 16
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2019-11-28
- Pages
- 13-41
- OpenAlex
- W2991644154
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 25.11
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council UK (ES/M010856/1)
- The Research Council of Norway (Project no. 249687)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Youth, Politics, and Society
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Theory and Democracy
- Keywords
- voting age, 16-year-olds, youth voter turnout, voting age lowering, young voters, political maturity
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