Extract Free Dense Labels from CLIP
Open accessThe claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
CLIP excels with descriptive queries but struggles with complex affordance and negation queries.
“Table III shows that CLIP excels with descriptive queries but struggles with complex affordance and negation queries [61].”
From ConceptGraphs: Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs for Perception and Planning (2024) · cites this paper as [61]
Section 3.1 (p. 5) says CLIP associates images with natural-language descriptions, and Section 3.3 (p. 7) describes MaskCLIP handling fine-grained free-form phrases. These passages support the descriptive-query aspect, but our copy does not evaluate CLIP on affordance or negation queries or establish the claimed contrast. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474 · see citing works
The Pascal Visual Object Classes Challenge: A Retrospective
Everingham, M., Eslami, S. M. A., Van Gool, L., Williams, C. K. I., Winn, J., & Zisserman, A. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-014-0733-5 · Cited by 7,139 · see citing works
Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervision
Jia, C., Yang, Y., Xia, Y., Chen, Y.-T., Parekh, Z., Pham, H., Le, Q. V., Sung, Y., Li, Z., & Duerig, T. (2021) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2102.05918 · Cited by 1,977 · see citing works
Naive-Student: Leveraging Semi-Supervised Learning in Video Sequences for Urban Scene Segmentation
Chen, L.-C., Lopes, R. G., Cheng, B., Collins, M. D., Cubuk, E. D., Zoph, B., Adam, H., & Shlens, J. (2020) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58545-7_40 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 49
- [1]1. Bucher, M., Vu, T.H., Cord, M., P´ erez, P.: Zero-shot semantic segmentation. In: NeurIPS (2019)
- [2]2. Caesar, H., Uijlings, J., Ferrari, V.: Coco-stuff: Thing and stuff classes in context. In: CVPR (2018)
- [3]3. Caron, M., Misra, I., Mairal, J., Goyal, P., Bojanowski, P., Joulin, A.: Unsupervised learning of visual features by contrasting cluster assignments. In: NeurIPS (2020)
- [5]5. Chen, L.C., Zhu, Y., Papandreou, G., Schroff, F., Adam, H.: Encoder-decoder with atrous separable convolution for semantic image segmentation. In: ECCV (2018)
- [6]6. Chen, L.C., Zhu, Y., Papandreou, G., Schroff, F., Adam, H.: Encoder-decoder with atrous separable convolution for semantic image segmentation. In: ECCV (2018)
- [7]7. Chen, T., Kornblith, S., Norouzi, M., Hinton, G.: A simple framework for contrastive learning of visual representations. In: ICML (2020)
- [8]8. Chen, X., Yuan, Y., Zeng, G., Wang, J.: Semi-supervised semantic segmentation with cross pseudo supervision. In: CVPR (2021)
- [9]9. Chen, X., Fang, H., Lin, T.Y., Vedantam, R., Gupta, S., Doll´ ar, P., Zitnick, C.L.: Microsoft coco captions: Data collection and evaluation server. arXiv preprint (2015)
- [10]10. Chen, X., He, K.: Exploring simple siamese representation learning. In: CVPR (2021)
- [11]11. Deng, J., Dong, W., Socher, R., Li, L.J., Li, K., Fei-Fei, L.: Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database. In: CVPR (2009)
- [12]12. Desai, K., Johnson, J.: Virtex: Learning visual representations from textual annotations. In: CVPR (2021)
- [13]13. Doersch, C., Gupta, A., Efros, A.A.: Unsupervised visual representation learning by context prediction. In: ICCV (2015)
- [14]14. Dosovitskiy, A., Springenberg, J.T., Riedmiller, M., Brox, T.: Discriminative unsupervised feature learning with convolutional neural networks. In: NeurIPS (2014)
- [16]16. Gomez, L., Patel, Y., Rusi˜ nol, M., Karatzas, D., Jawahar, C.: Self-supervised learning of visual features through embedding images into text topic spaces. In: CVPR (2017)
- [17]17. Gordo, A., Larlus, D.: Beyond instance-level image retrieval: Leveraging captions to learn a global visual representation for semantic retrieval. In: CVPR (2017)
- [18]18. Grill, J.B., Strub, F., Altch´ e, F., Tallec, C., Richemond, P.H., Buchatskaya, E., Doersch, C., Pires, B.A., Guo, Z.D., Azar, M.G., et al.: Bootstrap your own latent: A new approach to self-supervised learning. In: NeurIPS (2020)
- [19]19. Gu, X., Lin, T.Y., Kuo, W., Cui, Y.: Open-vocabulary object detection via vision and language knowledge distillation. arXiv preprint (2021)
- [20]20. Gu, Z., Zhou, S., Niu, L., Zhao, Z., Zhang, L.: Context-aware feature generation for zero-shot semantic segmentation. In: ACM MM (2020)
- [21]21. Hariharan, B., Arbel´ aez, P., Bourdev, L., Maji, S., Malik, J.: Semantic contours from inverse detectors. In: ICCV (2011)
- [22]22. He, K., Fan, H., Wu, Y., Xie, S., Girshick, R.: Momentum contrast for unsupervised visual representation learning. In: CVPR (2020)
- [24]24. Hendrycks, D., Dietterich, T.: Benchmarking neural network robustness to common corruptions and perturbations. In: ICLR (2019)
- [25]25. Hessel, J., Holtzman, A., Forbes, M., Bras, R.L., Choi, Y.: Clipscore: A referencefree evaluation metric for image captioning. In: EMNLP (2021)
- [26]26. Hu, P., Sclaroff, S., Saenko, K.: Uncertainty-aware learning for zero-shot semantic segmentation. In: NeurIPS (2020)
- [27]27. Hung, W.C., Tsai, Y.H., Liou, Y.T., Lin, Y.Y., Yang, M.H.: Adversarial learning for semi-supervised semantic segmentation. In: BMVC (2018)
- [28]28. Ibrahim, M.S., Vahdat, A., Ranjbar, M., Macready, W.G.: Semi-supervised semantic image segmentation with self-correcting networks. In: CVPR (2020)
- [29]29. Iscen, A., Tolias, G., Avrithis, Y., Chum, O.: Label propagation for deep semisupervised learning. In: CVPR (2019)
- [30]30. Jain, A., Tancik, M., Abbeel, P.: Putting nerf on a diet: Semantically consistent few-shot view synthesis. In: ICCV (2021)
- [34]34. Li, P., Wei, Y., Yang, Y.: Consistent structural relation learning for zero-shot segmentation. In: NeurIPS (2020)
- [35]35. Li, X., Sun, Q., Liu, Y., Zhou, Q., Zheng, S., Chua, T.S., Schiele, B.: Learning to self-train for semi-supervised few-shot classification. In: NeurIPS (2019)
- [36]36. Mendel, R., De Souza, L.A., Rauber, D., Papa, J.P., Palm, C.: Semi-supervised segmentation based on error-correcting supervision. In: ECCV (2020)
- [37]37. Mittal, S., Tatarchenko, M., Brox, T.: Semi-supervised semantic segmentation with high-and low-level consistency. IEEE TPAMI (2019)
- [38]38. Mottaghi, R., Chen, X., Liu, X., Cho, N.G., Lee, S.W., Fidler, S., Urtasun, R., Yuille, A.: The role of context for object detection and semantic segmentation in the wild. In: CVPR (2014)
- [39]39. Noroozi, M., Favaro, P.: Unsupervised learning of visual representations by solving jigsaw puzzles. In: ECCV (2016)
- [40]40. Ouali, Y., Hudelot, C., Tami, M.: Semi-supervised semantic segmentation with cross-consistency training. In: CVPR (2020)
- [42]42. Patashnik, O., Wu, Z., Shechtman, E., Cohen-Or, D., Lischinski, D.: Styleclip: Text-driven manipulation of stylegan imagery. In: ICCV (2021)
- [43]43. Pham, H., Dai, Z., Xie, Q., Le, Q.V.: Meta pseudo labels. In: CVPR (2021)
- [44]44. Quattoni, A., Collins, M., Darrell, T.: Learning visual representations using images with captions. In: CVPR (2007)
- [45]45. Radford, A., Kim, J.W., Hallacy, C., Ramesh, A., Goh, G., Agarwal, S., Sastry, G., Askell, A., Mishkin, P., Clark, J., Krueger, G., Sutskever, I.: Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision. In: ICML (2021)
- [46]46. Rao, Y., Zhao, W., Chen, G., Tang, Y., Zhu, Z., Huang, G., Zhou, J., Lu, J.: Denseclip: Language-guided dense prediction with context-aware prompting. arXiv preprint (2021)
- [47]47. Ravula, S., Smyrnis, G., Jordan, M., Dimakis, A.G.: Inverse problems leveraging pre-trained contrastive representations. In: NeurIPS (2021)
- [48]48. Sariyildiz, M.B., Perez, J., Larlus, D.: Learning visual representations with caption annotations. In: ECCV (2020)
- [49]49. Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A.N., Kaiser, glyph[suppress] L., Polosukhin, I.: Attention is all you need. In: NeurIPS (2017)
- [50]50. Xian, Y., Choudhury, S., He, Y., Schiele, B., Akata, Z.: Semantic projection network for zero-and few-label semantic segmentation. In: CVPR (2019)
- [51]51. Xie, J., Zheng, S.: Zsd-yolo: Zero-shot yolo detection using vision-language knowledge distillation. arXiv preprint (2021)
- [52]52. Yosinski, J., Clune, J., Bengio, Y., Lipson, H.: How transferable are features in deep neural networks? In: NeurIPS (2014)
- [53]53. Yuan, X., Lin, Z., Kuen, J., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Maire, M., Kale, A., Faieta, B.: Multimodal contrastive training for visual representation learning. In: CVPR (2021)
- [54]54. Zhao, H., Puig, X., Zhou, B., Fidler, S., Torralba, A.: Open vocabulary scene parsing. In: ICCV (2017)
- [55]55. Zhao, H., Shi, J., Qi, X., Wang, X., Jia, J.: Pyramid scene parsing network. In: CVPR (2017)
- [56]56. Zou, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Li, C.L., Bian, X., Huang, J.B., Pfister, T.: Pseudoseg: Designing pseudo labels for semantic segmentation. In: ICLR (2021)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Vision-Language Models for Vision Tasks: A Survey
Zhang, J., Huang, J., Jin, S., & Lu, S. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2024.3369699 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
WinCLIP: Zero-/Few-Shot Anomaly Classification and Segmentation
Jeong, J., Zou, Y., Kim, T., Zhang, D., Ravichandran, A., & Dabeer, O. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.01878 · Cited by 585 · see citing works
Foundation Models Defining a New Era in Vision: A Survey and Outlook
Awais, M., Naseer, M., Khan, S., Anwer, R. M., Cholakkal, H., Shah, M., Yang, M.-H., & Khan, F. S. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2024.3506283 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
ConceptGraphs: Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Graphs for Perception and Planning
Gu, Q., Kuwajerwala, A., Morin, S., Jatavallabhula, K. M., Sen, B., Agarwal, A., Rivera, C., Paul, W., Ellis, K., Chellappa, R., et al. (2024) · 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) · doi:10.1109/icra57147.2024.10610243 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Vision-Language Pre-Training: Basics, Recent Advances, and Future Trends
Gan, Z., Li, L., Li, C., Wang, L., Liu, Z., & Gao, J. (2022) · Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision · doi:10.1561/0600000105 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zhou, C., Loy, C. C., & Dai, B.
- Affiliations
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Loy, Chen Change
- Venue
- Lecture Notes in Computer Science
- Publisher
- Springer Nature Switzerland
- Published
- 2022
- Pages
- 696-712
- ISSN
- 0302-9743 (ISSN-L)
- 1611-3349
- OpenAlex
- W4312960937
- Cited by
- 513
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 91 · 2025: 154 · 2024: 190 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 7
- FWCI
- 54.91
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Lecture notes in computer science (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, India
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
- Keywords
- CLIP, semantic segmentation, zero-shot segmentation, pseudo-labeling, self-training, annotation-free segmentation, open-vocabulary segmentation, dense prediction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review