The DOI matches its Crossref record; the references it cites are not checked yet.
How to Balance Chemistry Education Between Observing Phenomena and Thinking in Models
Abstract
The first part of the chapter aims at offering some general background information about multiple meanings and models in chemistry and chemistry education. A number of students ' difficulties in understanding these issues and factors that offer insight in their difficulties are also given. The second part of the chapter aims at providing three clusters of useful suggestions for the practice of teaching. The first cluster consists mainly of content-related suggestions for teaching multiple meanings and models, while the second cluster mainly covers student-related suggestions for teaching these issues. The third cluster regards suggestions for identifying students ' (alternative) conceptions after teaching. Some suggestions are rather specific while others are more general; the latter allows teachers to adapt and elaborate them for use in the specific situation of their own classroom. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Ideally, they should also be associated with the other levels (De Jong et al., 2013).”
From An analysis of the visual representation of redox reactions and related content in Brazilian secondary school chemistry textbooks (2020) · cites this paper as De Jong et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Due to the invisible and non-tactile nature of the particle level, didactic approaches generally suggest the thorough use of images and other forms of visual illustrations at the submicroscopic level for effective learning.”
From An analysis of the visual representation of redox reactions and related content in Brazilian secondary school chemistry textbooks (2020) · cites this paper as De Jong et al., 2013
Citations
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 32 · Cited by 23
Research works printed but not linked: 28
- Baddock, M., & Bucat, R. (2008). Effectiveness of a classroom chemistry demonstration using the cognitive conflict strategy. International Journal of Science Education, 30, 1115–1128. · DOI
- Baral, F., Fernandez, E., & Otero, J. (1992). Secondary students’ interpretations of the process occurring in an electrochemical cell. Journal of Chemical Education, 69, 655–657. · DOI
- Boo, H. K. (1998). Students’ understandings of chemical bonds and the energetic of chemical reactions. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 35, 569–581. · DOI
- Boulter, C., & Buckley, B. (2000). Constructing a typology of models for science education. In J. K. Gilbert, & C. J. Boulter (eds.), Developing models in science education (pp. 41–57). Dordrecht: Kluwer. · DOI
- De Jong, O., Acampo, J., & Verdonk, A. H. (1995). Problems in teaching the topic of redox reactions: actions and conceptions of chemistry teachers. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 32, 1097–1110. · DOI
- De Jong, O., & Treagust, D. (2002). The teaching and learning of electrochemistry. In J. K. Gilbert, O. De Jong, R. Justi, D. F. Treagust, & J. H. Van Driel (eds.), Chemical education: towards research-based practice (pp. 317–337). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
- De Jong, O., & Van Driel, J. H. (2004). Exploring the development of student teachers’ PCK of the multiple meanings of chemistry concepts. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2, 475–489.
- Dori, Y. J., & Hameiri, M. (2003). Multidimensional analysis system for quantitative chemistry problems: Symbol, macro, micro, and process aspects. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40, 278–302. · DOI
- Driver, R. (1989). Changing conceptions. In P. Adey (ed.), Adolescent development and school science (pp. 79–99). London: Falmer.
- Eilks, I. (2003). Students’ understanding of the particulate nature of matter and some misleading illustrations from textbooks. Chemistry in Action, 69, 35–40.
- Eilks, I., Witteck, T., & Pietzner, V. (2012). The role and potential dangers of visualisation when learning about submicroscopic explanations in chemistry education. Centre for Educational Policy Studies Journal, 2, 125–145. · DOI · Paper page
- Harrison, A., & Treagust, D. (2006). Teaching and learning with analogies. In P. Aubusson, A. Harrison, & S. Ritchie (eds.), Metaphor and analogy in science education (pp. 11–24). Dordrecht: Springer. · DOI
- Hawkes, S. J. (1992). Arrhenius confuses students. Journal of Chemical Education, 69, 542–543. · DOI
- Hewson, P. W., & Thorley, N. R. (1989). The conditions of conceptual change in the classroom. International Journal of Science Education, 11, 541–553. · DOI
- Ingham, A. M., & Gilbert, J. K. (1991). The use of analogue models by students of chemistry at higher education level. International Journal of Science Education, 13, 193–202. · DOI
- Johnson, P. (2002). Children’s understanding of substances, part 2: Explaining chemical change. International Journal of Science Education, 24, 1037–1054. · DOI
- Johnstone, A. H. (1993). The development of chemistry teaching. Journal of Chemical Education, 70, 701–705. · DOI
- Justi, R. S., & Gilbert, J. K (2000). History and philosophy of science through models: Some challenges in the case of ‘the atom.’ International Journal of Science Education, 22, 993–1009. · DOI
- Justi, R. S., & Gilbert, J. K. (2002). Models and modelling in chemical education. In J. K. Gilbert, O. De Jong, R. Justi, D. F. Treagust, & J. H. Van Driel (eds.), Chemical education: Towards research-based practice (pp. 47–68). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
- Levi Nahum, T., Mamlok-Naaman, R., Hofstein, A., & Taber, K. S. (2010). Teaching and learning the concept of chemical bonding. Studies in Science Education, 46, 179–207. · DOI
- Meijer, M. R., Bulte, A., & Pilot, A. (2009). Structure-property relations between macro and micro representations: Relevant meso-levels in authentic tasks. In J. K. Gilbert, & D. Treagust (eds.), Multiple representations in chemical education (pp. 195–213). Dordrecht: Springer. · DOI
- Sequira, M., Leite, L., & Duarte, M. (1993). Portuguese science teachers education, attitudes, and practice relative to the issue of alternative conceptions. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30, 845–856. · DOI
- Solsona, N., Izquierdo, M., & De Jong, O. (2003). Exploring the development of students’ conceptual profiles of chemical change. International Journal of Science Education, 25, 3–12. · DOI
- Taber, K. S. (2001). Building the structural concepts of chemistry: Some considerations from educational research. Chemical Education Research and Practice, 2, 123–158. · DOI
- Taber, K. S. (2008). Towards a curricular model of the nature of science. Science & Education, 17, 179–218. · DOI
- Van Driel, J. H., De Vos, W., Verloop, N., & Dekkers, H. (1998). Developing secondary students’ conceptions of chemical reactions: The introduction of chemical equilibrium. International Journal of Science Education, 20, 379–392. · DOI
- Vygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and language. Cambridge: MIT.
- Yarroch, W. L. (1985). Student understanding of chemical equation balancing. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 22, 449–459. · DOI
Metadata
- Authors
- De Jong, O., Blonder, R., & Oversby, J.
- Venue
- Teaching Chemistry – A Studybook
- Publisher
- SensePublishers
- Published
- 2013
- Pages
- 97-126
- OpenAlex
- W2225809438
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 9.56
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SensePublishers eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Education › Chemistry Education and Research
- Social Sciences › Education › Various Chemistry Research Topics
- Keywords
- chemistry education, chemical models, multiple meanings, student difficulties, misconceptions, teaching practice, conceptual change
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: How to Balance Chemistry Education Between Observing Phenomena and Thinking in Models. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/978-94-6209-140-5_4
- The paper
- De Jong, O., Blonder, R., & Oversby, J. (2013). How to Balance Chemistry Education Between Observing Phenomena and Thinking in Models. Teaching Chemistry – A Studybook. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-140-5_4