Fröhlich's model of bose condensation in biological systems
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Earlier biophysical models demonstrated how systems of electric dipoles can condense into stable coherent states at high temperatures if a steady supply of metabolic energy is pumped through the system.
“In fact, earlier biophysical models (Frohlich 1968, 1977, Wu and Austin 1981) had demonstrated how systems of electric dipoles (like tubulin subunits of MTs) can “condense” into stable coherent states at high temperatures if a steady supply of metabolic energy is pumped through the system.”
From A quantum microtubule substrate of consciousness is experimentally supported and solves the binding and epiphenomenalism problems (2025) · cites this paper as Wu and Austin 1981
Cites
Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems.
Fröhlich, H. (1968) · International Journal of Quantum Chemistry · doi:10.1002/qua.560020505 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
Bose condensation of strongly excited longitudinal electric modes
Fröhlich, H. (1968) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/0375-9601(68)90242-9 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
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Reimers, J. R., McKemmish, L. K., McKenzie, R. H., Mark, A. E., & Hush, N. S. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0806273106 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Wiest, M. C. (2025) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niaf011 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“In fact, earlier biophysical models (Frohlich 1968, 1977, Wu and Austin 1981) had demonstrated how systems of electric dipoles (like tubulin subunits of MTs) can “con-dense” into stable coherent states at high temperatures if a steady supply of metabolic energy is pumped through the system.”
- Authors
- Wu, T. M., & Austin, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Binghamton University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Physics
- Published
- 1981-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97-107
- ISSN
- 0092-0606 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0689
- OpenAlex
- W2027225602
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Physics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biofield Effects and Biophysics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Chemical and Physical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
- Keywords
- Bose-Einstein condensation, Fröhlich model, biological systems, vibrational modes, phonon lifetime, finite-temperature Green's function, rate equations, microwave absorption, condensed phase
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