A follow-up study of high-functioning autistic children
Abstract
It is well known that IQ is an important prognostic variable in the outcome of autistic children. There are, however, very few data available on the outcome of nonretarded autistic children as adults. We identified 16 such probands from records and followed them up between 11 and 27 years since discharge from a center specializing in the assessment of autistic children. There were 12 males and 4 females, average age was 26, and mean IQ was 92 (range 68-110). Although the majority were functioning poorly in terms of occupational-social outcome and psychiatric symptoms, a surprising number (4) had a very good outcome and might be considered recovered. The severity of early autistic behavior was a poor predictor of outcome, but neuropsychologic measures of nonverbal problem solving were highly correlated with outcomes. The results of the study indicate that a small percentage of nonretarded autistic children can be expected to recover to a substantial degree.
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Executive function, particularly cognitive flexibility, is a significant prognostic marker for everyday adaptive behavior in adulthood, as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, over 3 years and longer periods, including up to 27 years after intake.
“Similarly, EF, particularly cognitive flexibility, has been shown to be Ba significant prognostic marker^for everyday adaptive behavior in adulthood, as measured by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (Sparrow et al. 1984)over 3-years (Berger et al. 2003) and much longer periods (Pugliese et al. 2016), including up to 27 years after intake (Szatmari et al. 1989).”
From Childhood Executive Function Predicts Later Autistic Features and Adaptive Behavior in Young Autistic People: a 12-Year Prospective Study (2019) · cites this paper as Szatmari et al. 1989
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References 27 · Cited by 257
- Authors
- Szatmari, P., Bartolucci, G., Bremner, R., Bond, S., & Rich, S.
- Affiliations
- Chedoke Hospital (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 1989-06
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 213-225
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2014764319
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 2.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- high-functioning autism, adult outcomes, long-term follow-up, IQ, psychiatric symptoms, neuropsychological measures
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Educational Status, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Intelligence, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Occupations, Prognosis, Social Adjustment
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