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Use of branched‐chain esters to reduce the crystallization temperature of biodiesel
Abstract
To reduce the tendency of biodiesel to crystallize at low temperatures, branched‐chain alcohols were used to esterify various fats and oils, and the crystallization properties of the branched esters were compared with those of methyl esters by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cloud point, and pour point. Compared with the methyl esters that are commonly used in biodiesel, branched‐chain esters greatly reduced the crystallization onset temperature (T CO) of neat esters and their corresponding ester diesel fuel blends. Isopropyl and 2‐butyl esters of normal (∼10 wt% palmitate) soybean oil (SBO) crystallized 7–11 and 12–14°C lower, respectively, than the corresponding methyl esters. The benefit of the branched‐chain esters in lowering T CO increased when the esters were blended with diesel fuel. Esters made from a low‐palmitate (3.8%) SBO crystallized 5–6°C lower than those of normal SBO. Isopropyl esters of lard and tallow had T CO values similar to that of methyl esters of SBO. DSC provided an accurate means of monitoring crystallization, and the DSC results correlated with cloud and pour point measurements.
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Cites
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
(2014) · doi:10.1201/b17118 · Cited by 57,706
Cited by
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Hoekman, S. K., Broch, A., Robbins, C., Ceniceros, E., & Natarajan, M. (2012) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.143 · Cited by 2,010
“Designer” Biodiesel: Optimizing Fatty Ester Composition to Improve Fuel Properties
Knothe, G. (2008) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef700639e · Cited by 1,291
Knothe, G., & Razon, L. F. (2017) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2016.08.001 · Cited by 734
Revisiting metabolic engineering strategies for microbial synthesis of oleochemicals
Yan, Q., & Pfleger, B. F. (2020) · Metabolic Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2019.04.009 · Cited by 105
Ortiz, E. G., Quintero, I., & Arévalo, K. (2016) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-016-0980-9 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, I., Johnson, L. A., & Hammond, E. G.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1995-10
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1155-1160
- ISSN
- 0003-021X (ISSN-L)
- 1558-9331
- OpenAlex
- W2016514167
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Lee, I., Johnson, L. A., & Hammond, E. G. (1995). Use of branched‐chain esters to reduce the crystallization temperature of biodiesel. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02540982
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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