On the gauge dependence of the Standard Model vacuum instability scale
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After reviewing the calculation of the Standard Model one-loop effective potential in a class of linear gauges, we discuss the physical observables entering the vacuum stability analysis. While the electroweak-vacuum-stability bound on the Higgs boson mass can be formally proven to be gauge independent, the field value at which the effective potential turns negative (the so-called instability scale) is a gauge dependent quantity. By varying the gauge-fixing scheme and the gauge-fixing parameters in their perturbative domain, we find an irreducible theoretical uncertainty of at least two orders of magnitude on the scale at which the Standard Model vacuum becomes unstable.
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The instability scale h_max, defined as the Higgs field value at which V_eff(h) is maximal, is gauge-dependent.
“however the instability scale of the SM potential, e.g.h max , defined as the Higgs field value at which V eff (h) is maximal, is gauge-dependent (as recently emphasised in [32][33][34]).”
From The cosmological Higgstory of the vacuum instability (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
The critical Higgs mass below which the Standard Model Higgs potential becomes unstable is gauge-independent.
“The critical Higgs mass below which the SM Higgs potential becomes unstable is gaugeindependent;”
From The cosmological Higgstory of the vacuum instability (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
The order-of-magnitude gauge dependence of h_max found in [32] disappears because it is almost entirely due to the RG factor Γ.
“The order-of-magnitude gauge dependence of h max found in [32] disappears because it is almost entirely due to the RG factor Γ.”
From The cosmological Higgstory of the vacuum instability (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
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Kikuchi, K., Nishiwaki, K., & Oda, K.-Y. (2023) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11553-4
Polyakov loops tame phase transitions
Biermann, L., Chakrabortty, J., & Englert, C. (2026) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/5cbz-vt5j
- Authors
- Di Luzio, L., & Mihaila, L.
- Affiliations
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of High Energy Physics
- Published
- 2014-06
- Volume
- 2014
- Issue
- 6
- ISSN
- 1029-8479 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095198080
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of High Energy Physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB TR/9)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
- Keywords
- gauge dependence, one-loop effective potential, gauge-fixing parameter, Higgs mass limits, electroweak vacuum, theoretical uncertainties
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