Time-dependent flux backgrounds in type IIB supergravity
Open accessAbstract
A bstract: We analytically construct families of type IIB supergravity backgrounds in ten dimensions in which the four-dimensional metric is time dependent, while the six-dimensional internal space is an arbitrary compact Calabi-Yau manifold (with reduction of holonomy allowed) up to an overall time-dependent scale factor. Our solutions include cases with all fluxes (three-form and self-dual five-form) switched on, as well as cases with subsets of these fluxes, together with a time-dependent axiodilaton in most cases. These constructions require no local sources. We show that the associated energy-momentum tensors (both 10D and the resulting 4D effective) satisfy the null, weak, strong, and dominant energy conditions. In our explicit constructions, the Ricci scalar of the four-dimensional Einstein frame metric is negative; such backgrounds may find applications to anisotropic or FLRW cosmologies in the early universe. We also revisit the Maldacena–Nuñez no-go analysis, incorporating new elements that appear in our constructions, namely an overall noncompact spacetime-dependent scale factor multiplying the internal metric, and field strengths with components partially covering the noncompact directions. We argue that, with these generalizations, a four-dimensional Einstein-frame metric with positive Ricci scalar cannot be ruled out by such an analysis.
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In cosmology, only one reference has attempted to compute time-dependent corrections to the Casimir energy when gravity matters.
“In cosmology, although quite a bit of work has been devoted to compactification dynamics (for examples, see [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]), we have found only one reference [28] that has attempted to compute the time dependent corrections when gravity matters.”
From Stress-energy tensor of a scalar field on a product spacetime with a time-dependent compact dimension (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
The passages from the References section concern time-dependent compactification and supergravity, but none addresses Casimir energy. Searches for “Casimir,” “time-dependent corrections,” and gravitational effects found no passage saying this paper attempted that calculation or was the only reference to do so. (LLM, conf=0.70)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA complete calculation of the time-dependent Casimir effect has not been performed; even for an FLRW background with a compact dimension, there is no well-established practical method for eliminating UV divergences.
“A complete calculation of the time-dependent Casimir effect has not been performed; even in the simplest scenario-an FLRW background with a compact dimension (M 1, d-1 × S 1 )-there is no well-established practical method for eliminating the UV divergences.”
From Stress-energy tensor of a scalar field on a product spacetime with a time-dependent compact dimension (2026) · cites this paper as [28]
The Abstract describes time-dependent type IIB supergravity backgrounds and possible applications to FLRW cosmology, but does not discuss the Casimir effect. Searches for a time-dependent Casimir calculation and for UV-divergence removal in compactified FLRW backgrounds returned only unrelated References passages. Our copy therefore does not address either assertion in the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Cites
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ENERGY CONDITIONS AND THEIR COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
VISSER, M., & BARCELÓ, C. (2000) · COSMO-99 · doi:10.1142/9789812792129_0014 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
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Paul, A., & Paban, S. (2026) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep09(2026)188
- Authors
- Kamal, A. R., & Mahanta, R.
- Affiliations
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Mahanta, Ratul
- Venue
- Journal of High Energy Physics
- Published
- 2026-06-17
- Volume
- 2026
- Issue
- 6
- ISSN
- 1029-8479 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W7165136156
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2
- FWCI
- 5.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of High Energy Physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- CERN
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Grantová Agentura České Republiky
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Keywords
- type IIB supergravity, time-dependent backgrounds, Calabi-Yau manifolds, flux compactification, energy conditions, anisotropic cosmology, FRW cosmology, scalar curvature, four-dimensional effective theory
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