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Effects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults

Elliott, R., Sahakian, B. J., Matthews, K., Bannerjea, A., Rimmer, J., Robbins, T. W.·1997·Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1007/s002130050284

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Abstract

Previous studies of the effects of the psychomotor stimulant, methylphenidate, have concentrated on vigilance and reaction time tasks. In this study, the effects of methylphenidate on more complex aspects of cognition were studied using tasks from the CANTAB battery and related tests which have been shown to be sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Twenty-eight young healthy men participated in a counterbalanced, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of methylphenidate. Cognitive assessment included tests of spatial working memory, planning, verbal fluency, attentional set-shifting and sustained attention. Methylphenidate had significant effects on performance of the tests of spatial working memory and planning but not on the attentional and fluency tests. When the drug was taken on the first test session, performance on the spatial tests was enhanced by the drug compared to placebo. However, when the drug was taken second, performance accuracy was impaired whereas response latencies were decreased. These results are consistent with a hypothesis that methylphenidate influences performance in two conflicting ways; enhancing executive aspects of spatial function on novel tasks but impairing previously established performance. This pattern of effects is discussed within the framework of dual, interacting arousal mechanisms.

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Authors: Elliott, R., Sahakian, B. J., Matthews, K., Bannerjea, A., Rimmer, J., & Robbins, T. W.
Affiliations: University of Cambridge (GB)
ORCID: Elliott, R.
Sahakian, B. J.
Matthews, K.
Robbins, T. W.
Venue: Psychopharmacology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1997-05-20
Volume: 131
Issue: 2
Pages: 196-206
ISSN: 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
1432-2072
DOI: 10.1007/s002130050284
OpenAlex: W2073330852
Cited by: 389
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 5.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: methylphenidate, spatial working memory, planning, executive function, psychostimulants, CANTAB, set-shifting, sustained attention, verbal fluency, arousal mechanisms, frontal lobe dysfunction, young adults
MeSH terms: Adult, Cognition, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Memory, Methylphenidate, Spatial Behavior

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Effects of methylphenidate on spatial working memory and planning in healthy young adults

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