Task-dependent motor learning
Abstract
We examined whether task-dependent modulation was evident in a motor learning paradigm. Subjects performed reaching movements before, during, and after exposure to a novel force perturbation while adopting either a spatial goal, "continue towards the target", or an effort goal, "keep your effort profile the same". Before the perturbation, the hand trajectories were moderately straight and accurate regardless of the task. However, during and immediately after the perturbation, the reaches exhibited unambiguous task-dependent differences in both the initial and terminal periods of the reach. With the spatial goal, subjects showed terminal compensations to the force-induced displacements indicative of feedback control. In addition, feedforward control was evident in the smaller path deviations with continued exposure and the initial path aftereffects when the perturbation was removed. In contrast, when adopting an effort goal, subjects showed large and chronically deviated endpoints from the perturbation indicating an absence of feedback compensation. They also showed no feedforward adaptation during repeated exposure or visible aftereffects when the perturbation was removed. Therefore, both feedforward and feedback control mechanisms show task-dependent modulation in a motor learning paradigm.
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Adaptation is minimal or absent when an individual makes movements that are perturbed and the instruction is to simply repeat the same movement, but if the instruction is to reach and attain a target goal, adaptation is rapidly achieved.
“Indeed, adaptation is minimal or absent when an individual makes movements that are perturbed and the instruction is to simply repeat the same movement; but if the instruction is to reach and attain a target goal, then adaptation is rapidly achieved (Kurtzer et al. 2003).”
From Motion sickness: more than nausea and vomiting (2014) · cites this paper as Kurtzer et al. 2003
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- Authors
- Kurtzer, I., DiZio, P., & Lackner, J.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Brandeis University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kurtzer, Isaac
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 2003-11-01
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 128-132
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1106
- OpenAlex
- W2003477928
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- force perturbation, reaching movements, feedback control, feedforward control, aftereffects, motor adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Feedback, Humans, Learning, Male, Motor Activity, Movement, Psychomotor Performance, Space Perception
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