Mechanisms of recovery of dexterity following unilateral lesion of the sensorimotor cortex in adult monkeys
Abstract
The mechanisms of recovery of manual dexterity after unilateral lesion of the sensorimotor cortex in adult primates remain a matter of debate. It has been proposed that the cortical zone adjacent to the lesion may take over part of the function of the damaged cortex. To investigate further this possibility, two adult (4-5 years old) macaque monkeys were trained to perform a natural precision-grip task to assess hand dexterity. Intracortical microstimulations (ICMS) were used to map the hand area in M1 on both hemispheres. Ibotenic acid was then injected intracortically to damage the representation in M1 of the preferred hand. Subsequent histological analysis indicated that the hand representation in M1 was indeed lesioned, but, due to a spread of ibotenic acid, the lesion encroached a significant extent of the hand representation in the primary somatosensory cortex. A few minutes after infusion of ibotenic acid, there was a complete loss of dexterity of the preferred hand, which lasted for 1-2 months. Later, a progressive functional recovery of the affected hand took place over a 3- to 4-month period, reaching a stable level corresponding to 30% of the pre-lesion behavioral score. ICMS remapping, conducted nine months after the lesion, revealed that stimulation of the intact or lesioned M1 did not induce any visible movement of the recovered hand. The M1 hand representation on the intact hemisphere was similar to that observed before the lesion. Transient inactivation of the M1 hand/arm areas or of the dorsal and ventral premotor cortical areas (PM) on both hemispheres was undertaken by using microinjections of the GABA-agonist muscimol. Inactivations of M1 had no effect. Inhibition of PM in the damaged hemisphere suppressed the recovered manual dexterity of the affected hand. These results suggest that PM plays a significant role in the incomplete functional recovery of hand dexterity following unilateral damage of the sensorimotor cortex in adult monkeys.
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A monkey with a created lesion in S1 showed uncoordinated finger movements.
“indeed, an experiment on a monkey with a created lesion in S1 showed uncoordinated finger movements (Liu and Rouiller, 1999).”
From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Liu and Rouiller, 1999
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Nudo, R. J., Wise, B. M., SiFuentes, F., & Milliken, G. W. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5269.1791 · Cited by 1,911 · see citing works
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Kantak, S. S., Stinear, J. W., Buch, E. R., & Cohen, L. G. (2012) · Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair · doi:10.1177/1545968311420845 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review.
Ghafoor, U., Kim, S., & Hong, K.-S. (2017) · Frontiers in Neurorobotics · doi:10.3389/fnbot.2017.00059 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“Without having the sense of proprioception, it is difficult to plan a dynamic limb movement (Sainburg et al., 1995); indeed, an experiment on a monkey with a created lesion in S1 showed uncoordinated finger movements (Liu and Rouiller, 1999).”
Cortico-spinal modularity in the parieto-frontal system: A new perspective on action control
Bufacchi, R. J., Battaglia-Mayer, A., Iannetti, G. D., & Caminiti, R. (2023) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102537 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- Liu, Y., & Rouiller, E. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Fribourg (CH)
- Venue
- Experimental Brain Research
- Published
- 1999-09-03
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 149-159
- ISSN
- 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1972134492
- Cited by
- 249
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- sensorimotor cortex, manual dexterity, primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, cortical reorganization, precision grip, ibotenic acid lesions, intracortical microstimulation, muscimol inactivation, somatosensory cortex, macaque
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain Mapping, Electric Stimulation, Functional Laterality, Macaca fascicularis, Motor Skills, Psychomotor Performance, Somatosensory Cortex
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