tRNA Creation by Hairpin Duplication

Widmann, Jeremy; Giulio, Massimo Di; Yarus, Michael; Knight, Rob

doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0315-1

Cited by 81RNA and protein synthesis mechanismsOrigins and Evolution of LifeEvolution and Genetic Dynamics

tRNA Creation by Hairpin Duplication

Widmann, Jeremy, Giulio, Massimo Di, Yarus, Michael, Knight, Rob·2005·Journal of Molecular Evolution

DOI 10.1007/s00239-004-0315-1

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Abstract

Many studies have suggested that the modern cloverleaf structure of tRNA may have arisen through duplication of a primordial hairpin, but the timing of this duplication event has been unclear. Here we measure the level of sequence identity between the two halves of each of a large sample of tRNAs and compare this level to that of chimeric tRNAs constructed either within or between groups defined by phylogeny and/or specificity. We find that actual tRNAs have significantly more matches between the two halves than do random sequences that can form the tRNA structure, but there is no difference in the average level of matching between the two halves of an individual tRNA and the average level of matching between the two halves of the chimeric tRNAs in any of the sets we constructed. These results support the hypothesis that the modern tRNA cloverleaf arose from a single hairpin duplication prior to the divergence of modern tRNA specificities and the three domains of life.

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Phase 2 amino acids entered the code by means of biosynthesis from the Phase 1 amino acids with the emergence of tRNA molecules, aminoacyl transferase enzyme, and ribosomes.
“Phase 2, the amino acids entered the code by means of biosynthesis from the Phase 1 amino acids with the emergence of tRNA molecules, aminoacyl transferase enzyme, and ribosomes [68,82,105,108].”
From The Origin of Prebiotic Information System in the Peptide/RNA World: A Simulation Model of the Evolution of Translation and the Genetic Code (2019) · cites this paper as [82]

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Authors: Widmann, J., Giulio, M. D., Yarus, M., & Knight, R.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IT)
Corresponding author: Knight, Rob
ORCID: Giulio, Massimo Di
Yarus, Michael
Knight, Rob
Venue: Journal of Molecular Evolution
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2005-09-12
Volume: 61
Issue: 4
Pages: 524-530
ISSN: 0022-2844 (ISSN-L)
1432-1432
DOI: 10.1007/s00239-004-0315-1
OpenAlex: W2054091852
Cited by: 81
References: 17
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 1.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Molecular Evolution (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Keywords: tRNA evolution, cloverleaf structure, tRNA specificity, three domains of life
MeSH terms: Base Sequence, Models, Biological, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA, Transfer, Conserved Sequence, Evolution, Molecular

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tRNA Creation by Hairpin Duplication

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