Evolutionary aspects of bat echolocation
Abstract
This review is yet another attempt to explain how echolocation in bats or bat-like mammals came into existence. Attention is focused on neuronal specializations in the ascending auditory pathway of echolocating bats. Three different mechanisms are considered that may create a specific auditory sensitivity to echos: (1). time-windows of enhanced echo-processing opened by a corollary discharge of neuronal vocalization commands; (2). differentiation and expansion of ensembles of combination-sensitive neurons in the midbrain; and (3). corticofugal top-down modulations. The second part of the review interprets three different types of echolocation as adaptations to ecological niches, and presents the sophisticated cochlear specializations in constant-frequency/frequency-modulated bats as a case study of finely tuned differentiation. It is briefly discussed how a resonant mechanism in the inner ear of constant-frequency/frequency-modulated bats may have evolved in common mammalian cochlea.
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Sensory consequences of self-generated actions are normally the most predictable and least salient events, estimated accurately from corollary discharges via a forward model.
“The sensory consequences of self-generated actions are normally the most predictable and thus least salient of events, as they are typically estimated accurately from corollary discharges via a forward model.51,52”
From Schizophrenia, myelination, and delayed corollary discharges: a hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as [51]
Bats explore the environment by emitting high-intensity, high-frequency beams of sound and then comparing spatiotemporal aspects of the returning echo with the emitted sound.
“Bats explore the environment by emitting high-intensity, high-frequency beams of sound and then comparing spatiotemporal aspects of the returning echo with the emitted sound53,54.”
From Corollary discharge across the animal kingdom (2008) · cites this paper as [54]
Neurons sensitive to specific emission-echo intervals have been identified in the inferior colliculus and, together with corollary discharge, have a key role in the neural circuitry for auditory-scene analysis.
“Neurons that are sensitive to specific emission–echo intervals have been identified in the inferior colliculus (FIG. 5Ba) and, together with CD, have a key role in the neural circuitry for auditory-scene analysis54,58.”
From Corollary discharge across the animal kingdom (2008) · cites this paper as [54]
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- Authors
- Neuweiler, G.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Neuweiler, G.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Physiology A
- Published
- 2003-03-28
- Volume
- 189
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 245-256
- ISSN
- 0340-7594 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1351
- OpenAlex
- W2161198705
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Comparative Physiology A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Keywords
- bat echolocation, ascending auditory pathway, corollary discharge, vocalizations, midbrain, mammalian cochlea, ecological niche adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Auditory Pathways, Brain, Chiroptera, Cochlea, Echolocation, Biological Evolution, Nerve Net, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Vocalization, Animal
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