The DOI matches its Crossref record; 81 of the 81 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) neither express hormone receptors, nor overexpress HER2. They are associated with poor prognosis, as defined by low five-year survival and high recurrence rates after adjuvant therapy. Overall, TNBC share striking similarities with basal-like breast cancers (BBC), so a number of studies considered them being the same. The purpose of this review is to summarise the latest findings on TNBC concerning its relation and delineation to BBC, discuss the developmental pathways involved and address clinical implications for this complex type of breast cancer. METHODS: The recent literature from PubMed and Medline databases was reviewed. RESULTS: Not all TNBC are of the intrinsic BBC subtype (nonbasal (NB)-TNBC), nor are all BBC triple-negative (non-triple-negative (NTN)-BBC). There is increasing evidence that a triple-negative, basal-like breast cancer (TNBBC) subtype develops mainly through a BRCA1-related pathway. Somatic mutations that contribute to NTN-BBC and NB-TNBC development are possibly not related to this pathway, but may occur randomly due to increased genomic instability in these tumours. Several therapeutic options exist for TNBBC, which exhibited promising results in recent clinical trials. Cytotoxic therapies, e.g. combined treatment with anthracyclines or taxanes, achieved good tumour regression rates in the neo-adjuvant setting, but also showed considerable recurrence during the first 5 years after therapy. Targeted therapy options involve PARP1 and EGFR inhibition, although both approaches still need further investigation. CONCLUSIONS: TNBC and BBC are not the same disease entity. The TNBBC subtype shows the largest homogeneity in terms of tumour development, prognosis and clinical intervention options.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours
(1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-82982-6 · Cited by 16,049
Sørlie, T., Perou, C. M., Tibshirani, R., Aas, T., Geisler, S., Johnsen, H., Hastie, T., Eisen, M. B., van de Rijn, M., Jeffrey, S. S., et al. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.191367098 · Cited by 10,938
Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets
Sørlie, T., Tibshirani, R., Parker, J., Hastie, T., Marron, J. S., Nobel, A., Deng, S., Johnsen, H., Pesich, R., Geisler, S., et al. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0932692100 · Cited by 5,429
Triple-negative breast cancer: clinical features and patterns of recurrence
Dent, R., Trudeau, M., Pritchard, K. I., Hanna, W. M., Kahn, H. K., Sawka, C. A., Lickley, L. A., Rawlinson, E., Sun, P., & Narod, S. A. (2007) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-3045 · Cited by 5,091
Race, Breast Cancer Subtypes, and Survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study
Carey, L. A., Perou, C. M., Livasy, C. A., Dressler, L. G., Cowan, D., Conway, K., Karaca, G., Troester, M. A., Tse, C. K., Edmiston, S., et al. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.21.2492 · Cited by 3,819
Inhibition of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Tumors from BRCA Mutation Carriers
Fong, P. C., Boss, D. S., Yap, T. A., Tutt, A., Wu, P., Mergui-Roelvink, M., Mortimer, P., Swaisland, H., Lau, A., O'Connor, M. J., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0900212 · Cited by 3,634
Liedtke, C., Mazouni, C., Hess, K. R., André, F., Tordai, A., Mejia, J. A., Symmans, W. F., Gonzalez-Angulo, A. M., Hennessy, B., Green, M., et al. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2007.14.4147 · Cited by 2,892
Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Breast and Female Genital Organs
Tavassoli, F. A., & Devilee, P. (2003) · International Agency for Research on Cancer eBooks · Cited by 2,800
Nielsen, T. O., Hsu, F. D., Jensen, K., Cheang, M., Karaca, G., Hu, Z., Hernandez-Boussard, T., Livasy, C., Cowan, D., Dressler, L., et al. (2004) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-0220 · Cited by 2,663
Cited by
Metastatic and triple-negative breast cancer: challenges and treatment options
Al-Mahmood, S., Sapiezynski, J., Garbuzenko, O. B., & Minko, T. (2018) · Drug Delivery and Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s13346-018-0551-3 · Cited by 524
Obesity as a risk factor for triple-negative breast cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Pierobon, M., & Frankenfeld, C. L. (2013) · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment · doi:10.1007/s10549-012-2339-3 · Cited by 357
Ogier du Terrail, J., Leopold, A., Joly, C., Béguier, C., Andreux, M., Maussion, C., Schmauch, B., Tramel, E. W., Bendjebbar, E., Zaslavskiy, M., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02155-w · Cited by 217
Metadata
- Authors
- de Ruijter, T. C., Veeck, J., de Hoon, J. P. J., van Engeland, M., & Tjan-Heijnen, V. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
- Published
- 2010-11-11
- Volume
- 137
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 183-192
- ISSN
- 0084-5353 (ISSN-L)
- 0171-5216
- 1432-1335
- OpenAlex
- W2032040083
- Cited by
- 317
- References
- 81
- FWCI
- 3.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s00432-010-0957-x
- The paper
- de Ruijter, T. C., Veeck, J., de Hoon, J. P. J., van Engeland, M., & Tjan-Heijnen, V. C. (2011). Characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-010-0957-x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
