Primary adrenal hypercortisolism: minimally invasive surgical treatment or medical therapy? A retrospective study with long-term follow-up evaluation
Abstract
Background Because the most suitable management of subclinical Cushing syndrome (SCS, which involves hypersecretion of cortisol without clinically evident disease) still is undefined, the current study aimed to compare retrospectively the outcome for a cohort of patients treated by medical therapy or laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA).Methods Over a 12-year period, 47 patients with SCS have been treated by means of LA (19 patients, group A) or medical therapy (28 patients, group B). Group A consisted of 15 women and 4 men with a mean age of 54.8 years. Eight patients had a left adrenal mass, whereas nine had a right adrenal mass, and one patient had bilateral lesion. Group B was composed of 18 women and 10 men with a mean age of 57.8 years. Of these patients, 14 had a left adrenal lesion, 12 had a right adrenal lesion, and 1 had bilateral lesion. The patients were followed up for a mean 4 years (range, 1-11 years) by both an endocrinologist and a surgeon.Results In group A, hypertension improved for 66.3% of the patients; body mass index (BMI) decreased for 47.4%; and hyperlipidemia based on high-density lypoproteins (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol ratio, and triglyceridemic concentration improved for 63.2% of the patients. No changes in bone parameters were seen after surgery in SCS patients with osteoporosis. Some patients in group B, during their long-term medical therapy, experienced worsening hypertension (14.2%), hyperlipidemia (17.8%), and diabetes mellitus (8%).Conclusions This retrospective study focused on a cohort of patients with SCS. Their medium long-term follow-up evaluation showed that LA is better than medical therapy for treating this condition, especially by reducing the cardiovascular risk (hypertension-hyperlipidemia).
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Most studies of surgical intervention for ACS involve small numbers and are retrospective, uncontrolled, and lack randomization.
“Several studies have reported the outcome of surgical intervention but most involve small numbers and are retrospective, uncontrolled, and lack randomization (230,243,250-253,255) (Table 7).”
From Adrenal incidentaloma (2020) · cites this paper as [253]
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- Authors
- Guerrieri, M., Campagnacci, R., Patrizi, A., Romiti, C., Arnaldi, G., & Boscaro, M.
- Affiliations
- Marche Polytechnic University (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Campagnacci, Roberto
- Venue
- Surgical Endoscopy
- Published
- 2010-03-25
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2542-2546
- ISSN
- 0930-2794 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2218
- OpenAlex
- W2090365378
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Surgical Endoscopy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Nova Science Publishers (Nova Science Publishers, Inc.) (submittedVersion)
- Università Politecnica delle Marche (Università Politecnica delle Marche) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- subclinical Cushing's syndrome, laparoscopic adrenalectomy, medical therapy, cortisol hypersecretion, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, body mass index, osteoporosis, cardiovascular risk, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adrenalectomy, Blood Pressure, Cushing Syndrome, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Laparoscopy, Body Mass Index, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
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