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Cited by 42Diabetes and associated disordersDiabetes Management and ResearchSystemic Lupus Erythematosus Research

Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies are dominant but insufficient to identify most Chinese with adult-onset non-insulin requiring autoimmune diabetes: LADA China study 5

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Xiang, Yufei, Huang, Gan, Shan, Zhongyan, Pan, Linlin, Luo, Shuoming, Yang, Liyong, Shi, Lixin, Li, Qifu +2 more·2015·Acta Diabetologica
DOI 10.1007/s00592-015-0799-8PMC PMC4628082
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Abstract

AIMS: Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes is prevalent in China, in contrast to childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus. Islet autoantibodies are the most important immune biomarkers to diagnose autoimmune diabetes. We assayed four different islet autoantibodies in recently diagnosed adult non-insulin-requiring diabetes Chinese subjects to investigate the best antibody assay strategy for the correct diagnosis of these subjects. METHODS: LADA China study is a nation-wide multicenter study conducted in diabetes patients from 46 university-affiliated hospitals in China. Non-insulin-treated newly diagnosed adult diabetes patients (n = 2388) were centrally assayed for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 autoantibody (IA-2A), and zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) by radioligand assay and insulin autoantibody (IAA) by microtiter plate radioimmunoassay. Clinical data were determined locally. RESULTS: Two hundred and six (8.63 %) subjects were autoantibody positive, of which GADA identified 5.78 % (138/2388) of the total, but only 67 % (138/206) of the autoimmune cases. IA-2A, ZnT8A, and IAA were found in 1.51, 1.84, and 1.26 % of the total study subjects, respectively. When assaying three islet autoantibodies, the most effective strategy was the combination of GADA, ZnT8A, and IAA, which could identify 92.2 % (190/206) autoimmune diabetes patients. The clinical data showed that those subjects with positive GADA had lower random C-peptide than autoantibody negative subjects (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As with Europeans, GADA is the dominant autoantibody in this form of autoimmune diabetes in China, but in contrast to Europeans, screening should include other diabetes-associated autoantibodies.

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  • Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is the most common form of autoimmune diabetes mellitus diagnosed in adults, with a prevalence in Europe, China and the United Arab Emirates between 3 and 12 times higher than that of adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.

    “LADA is the most common form of autoimmune diabetes mellitus diagnosed in adults, with a prevalence in Europe, China and the United Arab Emirates between 3 and 12 times higher than that of adult-onset T1DM77–79.”

    From The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in older adults (2025) · cites this paper as [79]

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Authors
Xiang, Y., Huang, G., Shan, Z., Pan, L., Luo, S., Yang, L., Shi, L., Li, Q., Leslie, R. D., & Zhou, Z.
Affiliations
  • Central South University (CN)
  • First Hospital of China Medical University (CN)
  • First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (CN)
  • Guiyang Medical University (CN)
  • The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CN)
  • Blizard Institute (GB)
Corresponding author
Zhou, Zhiguang
ORCID
Venue
Acta Diabetologica
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-08-05
Volume
52
Issue
6
Pages
1121-1127
ISSN
  • 0940-5429 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-5233
DOI
10.1007/s00592-015-0799-8
PMC
PMC4628082
OpenAlex
W1888317895
Cited by
42
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3
FWCI
2.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Acta Diabetologica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Department Public Benefit (Health) Research Foundation of China (201002002)
  • National key technology R&D program (2012BAI02B04)
  • Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1195)
  • European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD) –China Diabetes Society (CDS)-Lilly Fellowship (2013)
  • Shenhua Yuying Talent plan of Central South University (2014)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (CN) (81400817)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
Keywords
latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, islet autoantibodies, IA-2 autoantibodies, zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, autoantibody detection, C-peptide, Chinese patients, diagnostic sensitivity
MeSH terms
Zinc Transporter 8, Adult, Aged, Autoantibodies, China, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Humans, Islets of Langerhans, Male, Middle Aged, Biomarkers, Prevalence, Cation Transport Proteins, Asian People, Protein Phosphatase 2

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