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Synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with platinum nanoparticles to sense breast cancer cells in 4T1 model to X-ray radiation
Abstract
In recent years, various types of radiosensitizers have been developed to address the challenges of cancer radiotherapy. Here, platinum-functionalized oxygenated single-walled carbon nanotubes (O-SWCNTs-Pt) coated with folic acid (FA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) (O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA-FA) were synthesized, characterized, and used as radiosensitizers to improve the therapeutic efficacy of X-rays in a mouse model of breast cancer (4T1) in vitro. The nanosensitizer was characterized by different techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. The evaluation of cell viability with nanocarriers O-SWCNTs-BSA, O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA, Pt-BSA-FA, and O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA-FA is reported at the concentrations of 10, 30, and 90 μg/mL by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in the presence and absence of X-rays at 4 and 8 Gy. The results showed that administration of O-SWCNTs-BSA, O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA, Pt-BSA-FA, and O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA-FA + 8 Gy at a concentration of 90 μg/mL reduced survival by 75.31, 65.32, 67.35, and 60.35%, respectively. O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA-FA has a hydrodynamic size of 88.57 nm and a surface charge of -29 mV, which indicates special stability. Compared with O-SWCNTs-BSA, O-SWCNTs-Pt-BSA, and Pt-BSA-FA, it has very strong cell-killing activity in the 4T1 cell line. It is also noteworthy that SWCNTs can act as a controlled release and delivery system for PtNPs due to their unique properties and easy penetration into biological membranes. As a result, the new nanosensitizer may play a role in cancer treatment in conjunction with radiotherapy technology. Graphical abstract.
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Across included studies, nanoparticle-assisted radiotherapy was frequently associated with enhanced therapeutic activity compared with radiotherapy alone, including reduced cell viability, decreased clonogenic survival, increased apoptosis, enhanced DNA damage, delayed tumor growth, and in selected studies improved survival.
“Across the included studies, nanoparticle-assisted radiotherapy was frequently associated with enhanced therapeutic activity compared with radiotherapy alone, including reduced cell viability, decreased clonogenic survival, increased apoptosis, enhanced DNA damage, delayed tumor growth, and, in selected studies, improved survival outcomes [14,23,26,87,96,104,105].”
From Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiosensitization in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [104]
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Advances in nanoparticle-based radiotherapy for cancer treatment
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“Therefore, carbon nanotubes can be used as instruments for the distribution and release of targeting and regulating drugs, as contrast agents for diagnosis and recognition of breast tumors and biosensors (Aghaei et al. 2023).”
Drug delivery for platinum therapeutics
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“…frequently associated with enhanced therapeutic activity compared with radiotherapy alone, including reduced cell viability, decreased clonogenic survival, increased apoptosis, enhanced DNA damage, delayed tumor growth, and, in selected studies, improved survival outcomes [14,23,26,87,96,104,105].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Aghaei, A., Shaterian, M., Danafar, H., Likozar, B., Šuligoj, A., & Gyergyek, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Zanjan (IR)
- Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- National Institute of Chemistry (SI)
- Jožef Stefan Institute (SI)
- Corresponding author
- Aghaei, Afsoon
- Shaterian, Maryam
- Venue
- Microchimica Acta
- Published
- 2023-04-18
- Volume
- 190
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 184-184
- ISSN
- 0026-3672 (ISSN-L)
- 1436-5073
- OpenAlex
- W4366134189
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Microchimica Acta (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- single-walled carbon nanotubes, platinum nanoparticles, radiosensitizers, breast cancer, 4T1 cells, X-ray therapy, folic acid, bovine serum albumin, nanocarriers, controlled drug release, cell viability, cancer cell detection, nanomaterial synthesis, surface functionalization, drug delivery systems
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Neoplasms, Platinum, Serum Albumin, Bovine, X-Rays, Nanotubes, Carbon, Mice, Metal Nanoparticles
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