Reduced cortical neurotransmitter receptor complex levels in fetal Down syndrome brain
Abstract
In this study, cortical receptor complex levels were determined in fetal Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21) brain. Frontal cortices were obtained from individuals with DS (19th-22nd week of gestation) and controls. Membrane proteins were extracted, assayed on blue native gels and immunoblotted with brain receptor antibodies. Levels of a D1R-containing complex were markedly decreased in male and female cortices of DS individuals. Females with DS had significant reductions of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors α4 and α7, NMDA receptor GluN1 and AMPA receptor GluA1- and GluA3-containing receptor complexes. Levels of other brain receptor complexes (5-hydroxytryptamine 1A, GluA2 and GluR4 receptor-containing complexes) were comparable between the groups of females. Levels of GluA2- and GluA3-containing complexes were significantly increased in males. Decreased levels of D1R complexes in both sexes, along with the significant reduction of α4, α7-containing receptor complexes observed in females, may explain the brain deficits and impaired cognition observed in DS.
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The levels of synaptic proteins such as SNAP25 and SNAPA, neurotransmitters particularly GABA, dopamine and serotonin, and neurotransmitter receptors are reduced in fetal brains of individuals with Down syndrome relative to controls.
“Additionally, the levels of synaptic proteins (such as synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) and alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAPA)), neurotransmitters (particularly GABA, dopamine and serotonin), and neurotransmitter receptors are reduced in fetal brains of individuals with DS relative to controls120–122.”
From Consequences of trisomy 21 for brain development in Down syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [122]
Such findings support the suggestion that synaptic deficits are present at early developmental stages in Down syndrome, but the limited resolution of the techniques used in some of these investigations precludes the drawing of specific conclusions.
“Such findings support the suggestion that synaptic deficits are present at early developmental stages in DS, but the limited resolution of the techniques used in some of these investigations preclude the drawing of specific conclusions.”
From Consequences of trisomy 21 for brain development in Down syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [122]
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Impairments of exploration and memory after systemic or prelimbic D1-receptor antagonism in rats
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Consequences of trisomy 21 for brain development in Down syndrome
Russo, M. L., Sousa, A. M. M., & Bhattacharyya, A. (2024) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-024-00866-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) and alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAPA)), neurotransmitters (particularly GABA, dopamine and serotonin), and neurotransmitter receptors are reduced in fetal brains of individuals with DS relative to controls 120–122 .”
- Authors
- Keihan Falsafi, S., Dierssen, M., Ghafari, M., Pollak, A., & Lubec, G.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (ES)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- ORCID
- Dierssen, Mara
- Venue
- Amino Acids
- Published
- 2015-08-13
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 103-116
- ISSN
- 0939-4451 (ISSN-L)
- 1438-2199
- OpenAlex
- W1187049480
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Amino Acids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fundació Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- Down syndrome, fetal brain, dopamine D1 receptor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, NMDA receptor, AMPA receptors, sex differences, neurotransmitter receptors, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Down Syndrome, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Male, Down-Regulation, Receptors, Neurotransmitter, Neurotransmitter Agents
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