The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire: a validation
Abstract
This is a validation of a self-rating questionnaire designed to detect disorders of the mother-infant relationship. 125 subjects filled in the questionnaire, and were also interviewed using the 5(th) Edition of the Birmingham Interview for Maternal Mental Health. On the basis of these interviews and the case records, we made consensus diagnoses of various forms and degrees of mother infant relationship disorder, according to criteria published in this paper. We calculated specificity, sensitivity and positive predictive value of the four scale scores generated by the questionnaire. Scale 1 (a general factor) had a sensitivity of 0.82 for all mother-infant relationship disorders. Scale 2 (rejection and pathological anger) had a sensitivity of 0.88 for rejection of the infant, but only 0.67 for severe anger. The performance of scale 3 (infant-focused anxiety) was unsatisfactory. Scale 4 (incipient abuse) selected only a few mothers, but was of some value in identifying those at high risk of child abuse. Revision of the thresholds can improve sensitivity, especially of scale 2, where a cut-off point of 12 = normal, 13 = high better identifies mothers with threatened rejection. These new cut-off points would need validation in another sample.
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In the citing paper
“Anxious-over-attentive mothers may be more likely to endorse bonding assessment items indicating a strong desire for affective connection and physical and emotional proximity to their infant (Brockington et al., 2006), whereas anxious-rejecting mothers would typically be less likely to endorse these items.”
From Associations between maternal psychological distress and mother-infant bonding: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as Brockington et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“The PBQ is similarly nuanced, comprising 25-items, all assessed using a six-point Likert scale of frequency reflecting elements of emotions, behaviours, and cognitions relating to the infant.”
From Associations between maternal psychological distress and mother-infant bonding: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as Brockington et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“The magnitude of associations between postpartum depression and anxiety with bonding problems support prior reports and theoretical perspectives that, despite some affective overlap, these are distinct co”
From Associations between maternal psychological distress and mother-infant bonding: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as Brockington et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“The PBQ (Brockington et al., 2006) is a 25-item self-report measure that assesses mother-infant bonding through the mother's feelings and attitudes toward her infant.”
From App-based intervention for reducing depressive symptoms in postpartum women: Protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as Brockington et al., 2006
Citations
Cites
The Infant's Response to Entrapment between Contradictory Messages in Face-to-Face Interaction
Tronick, E., Als, H., Adamson, L., Wise, S., & Brazelton, T. B. (1978) · Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)62273-1 · Cited by 1,880 · cited 1×
“Investigatory methods include long periods of observation (Ainsworth et al, 1972) and videotape analysis (Tronick et al, 1978), which enable detailed measurements to be made of various forms of interaction.”
MethodA Screening Questionnaire for mother-infant bonding disorders
Brockington, I. F., Oates, J., George, S., Turner, D., Vostanis, P., Sullivan, M., Loh, C., & Murdoch, C. (2001) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s007370170010 · Cited by 600 · cited 10×
“It was both surprising and disappointing that the principal component analysis (reported in Brockington et al, 2001 ) did not yield a separate anger factor.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationA new Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale: links with early maternal mood
Taylor, A., Atkins, R., Kumar, R., Adams, D., & Glover, V. (2005) · Archives of Women’s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-005-0074-z · Cited by 481
Brockington, I., & Guédeney, A. (1999) · Infant Observation · doi:10.1080/13698039908400552 · Cited by 308
Self-citationThe Cognitive Development of 5‐Year‐Old Children of Postnatally Depressed Mothers
Murray, L., Hipwell, A. E., Hooper, R., Stein, A. L., & Cooper, P. (1996) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01490.x · Cited by 305
Maternity blues and attachment to children in mothers of full‐term normal infants
Nagata, M., Nagai, S., Sobajima, H., Ando, T., Nishide, Y., & Honjo, S. (2000) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.101003209.x · Cited by 82
Maternal Psychopathology and Prediction of Outcome Based on Mother-Infant Interaction Ratings (BMIS)
Hipwell, A. E., & Kumar, R. C. (1996) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.169.5.655 · Cited by 61
Maternity blues and attachment to children in mothers of full-term normal infants
Nagata, M., Nagai, S., Sobajima, H., Ando, T., Nishide, Y., & Honjo, S. (2000) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1046/j.0902-4441.2000.ap90075.x · Cited by 32
Illingworth, R. S. (1960) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5166.113 · Cited by 23
Mother‐child relationship—FIRST score*
Salariya, E. M., & Cater, J. I. (1984) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00415.x · Cited by 14
Disorders of the mother-inf ant relationship
Brockington, I. (1996) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192621269.003.0006 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- MDS Ainsworth, 1972, Merrill Palmer Quart, 18, 123
- Brockington IF, Chandra P, George S, Hofberg K, Lanczik MH, Loh CC, Niemelä P, Rondón M, Shi SX, Wainscott G (2006) The Birmingham Interview for Maternal Mental Health. In press.
- IF Brockington, 1992, Int J Methods Psychiatr Res, 2, 187
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mothers and Fathers in NICU: The Impact of Preterm Birth on Parental Distress
Ionio, C., Colombo, C., Brazzoduro, V., Mascheroni, E., Confalonieri, E., Castoldi, F., & Lista, G. (2016) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v12i4.1093 · Cited by 347
“i) Abbreviations used in the text: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU); Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R); Profile of Mood States (POMS); Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS); Post Partum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ); Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS:NICU); gestationa…”
BackgroundInfluentialMuzik, M., Bocknek, E. L., Broderick, A., Richardson, P., Rosenblum, K. L., Thelen, K., & Seng, J. S. (2013) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-012-0312-0 · Cited by 293
State of the science of maternal–infant bonding: A principle-based concept analysis
Bicking Kinsey, C., & Hupcey, J. E. (2013) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2012.12.019 · Cited by 287
“The present data sample contained studies that clearly and consistently defined the independence between attachment and bonding (Taylor et al., 2005; Brockington et al., 2006; Figueiredo et al., 2009).”
BackgroundCorrelates of prenatal and postnatal mother-to-infant bonding quality: A systematic review
Tichelman, E., Westerneng, M., Witteveen, A. B., van Baar, A. L., van der Horst, H. E., de Jonge, A., Berger, M. Y., Schellevis, F. G., Burger, H., & Peters, L. L. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222998 · Cited by 224
TRANSITION TO PARENTHOOD AND MENTAL HEALTH IN FIRST‐TIME PARENTS
Parfitt, Y., & Ayers, S. (2014) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21443 · Cited by 267
Metadata
- Authors
- Brockington, I. F., Fraser, C., & Wilson, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (CA)
- ORCID
- Brockington, I. F.
- Venue
- Archives of Women's Mental Health
- Published
- 2006-05-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 233-242
- ISSN
- 1434-1816 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-1102
- OpenAlex
- W2122318173
- Cited by
- 568
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Archives of Women s Mental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire, mother-infant relationship, postpartum depression, maternal rejection, maternal anger, child abuse risk, questionnaire validation, sensitivity and specificity, cut-off values
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, England, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mother-Child Relations, New Zealand, Object Attachment, Surveys and Questionnaires, Postpartum Period
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