Cited by 136Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumIntimate Partner and Family ViolencePosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 115 of the 115 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

An interpersonally based intervention for low-income pregnant women with intimate partner violence: a pilot study

Open access

Zlotnick, Caron, Capezza, Nicole M., Parker, Donna·2011·Archives of Women s Mental Health

DOI 10.1007/s00737-010-0195-xPMC PMC3042850

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study assessed the initial feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of an intervention aimed at reducing depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of low-income pregnant women with recent intimate partner violence (IPV). Fifty-four women were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention consisted of four sessions during pregnancy and one "booster" session within 2 weeks of delivery. Based on principles of Interpersonal Psychotherapy, the intervention was designed to help participants improve their interpersonal relationships, including their social support networks, and master their role transition to motherhood. Assessments were administered at four time points (intake, 5-6 weeks post-intake, 2 weeks postpartum, 3 months postpartum) to assess for depression, PTSD, and IPV. The intervention did not significantly reduce the likelihood of a major depressive episode, PTSD, or IPV during pregnancy or up to 3-month postpartum. However, we found moderate effects for the intervention in reducing symptoms of PTSD and depression during pregnancy and a large effect for PTSD symptoms from pregnancy up to 3 months postpartum. This study suggests some initial support for our intervention. Larger randomized trials are needed to further examine the intervention both during and after pregnancy.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00737-010-0195-x

Cites

115 of 115 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310 · Cited by 18,093 · cited 1×
“Although stressful life events often have detrimental effects on physical and psychological health, social support has been found to limit these negative stress reactions (Cohen and Willis 1985; House et al. 1988; Oakley 1985; Ritter 1988).”
Detection of Postnatal Depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.150.6.782 · Cited by 14,183
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379 · cited 2×
“1999; Zlotnick and Johnson 2002) and exposure to these traumas relative to other traumatic events increases the likelihood of PTSD (Kessler et al. 1995; Zlotnick et al. 2008), we controlled for the presence of childhood sexual trauma in secondary analyses.”
Social Relationships and Health
House, J. S., Landis, K. R., & Umberson, D. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3399889 · Cited by 7,073 · cited 1×
“Although stressful life events often have detrimental effects on physical and psychological health, social support has been found to limit these negative stress reactions (Cohen and Willis 1985; House et al. 1988; Oakley 1985; Ritter 1988).”
The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2): Development and Preliminary Psychometric Data
STRAUS, M. A., HAMBY, S. L., BONEY-McCOY, S., & SUGARMAN, D. B. (1996) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/019251396017003001 · Cited by 6,923 · cited 3×
“The CTS2 has demonstrated excellent reliability and validity (Straus et al. 1996).”
Untitled work
(1992) · Cited by 5,228
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders
Spitzer, R. L., First, M. B., & Gibbon, M. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,582
All Our Kin: Strategies for Survival in a Black Community.
Boswell, D., & Stack, C. Β. (1975) · Man · doi:10.2307/2801228 · Cited by 3,377
Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: A meta-analysis
Golding, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1023/a:1022079418229 · Cited by 1,788 · cited 2×
“Overall, a consistent finding across varied clinical samples is that the mental health consequences most frequently associated with IPV are posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Astin et al. 1993; Gleason 1993; Houskamp and Foy 1991; Kemp et al. 1991; Roberts, Lawrence et al. 1998; Saunders 1994; West et al. 1990; Wood…”
Resource loss, resource gain, and emotional outcomes among inner city women.
Hobfoll, S. E., Johnson, R. J., Ennis, N., & Jackson, A. P. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.632 · Cited by 1,381 · cited 1×
“Moreover, social support has been found to mediate the impact of material loss on depressive symptoms among inner-city women (Hobfoll et al. 2003) and has been aptly referred to as “strategies for survival in a hostile world” for low-income women (Stack 1974).”

Show all 109 references

Research works printed but not linked: 5

Davidson J (1995) Self-rating traumatic stress scale. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
Dunkel-Schetter C (1998) Maternal stress and preterm delivery. Prenat Neonat Med 3:39–42
Keller MB, Lavori PW, Nielsen E (1987) SCALUP (SCID-P plus SADS-L). Butler Hospital, Providence RI, 02906
Krupnick JL (2001) Interpersonal psychotherapy for PTSD after interpersonal trauma. Dir Psychiatry 20:237–253
Zlotnick C, Johnson DM (2002) Depression and sexual abuse: psychosocial treatment of depression in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. S Afr Psychiat Rev 5:8–13

Sorted by citations

Items 101–135 of 135

Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Update of the PTSD-Repository Evidence Base
O'Neil, M. E., Cheney, T. P., Hsu, F. C., Carlson, K. F., Hart, E. L., Holmes, R. S., Murphy, K. M., Graham, E., Cameron, D. C., Kahler, J., et al. (2020) · doi:10.23970/ahrqepccer235 · Cited by 6
The Impact of Preventive Interventions on Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women Resident in Hamadan City Slum Areas Using the PEN-3 Model: Control Randomized Trial Study
Rastegar, K. E., Moeini, B., Rezapur‐Shahkolai, F., Naghdi, A., Karami, M., & Jahanfar, S. (2021) · Korean Journal of Family Medicine · doi:10.4082/kjfm.20.0118 · Cited by 4
MOSAIC (MOthers’ AdvocateS In the Community) for pregnant women and mothers of children under 5 with experience of intimate partner violence: A pilot randomized trial study protocol
Hailemariam, M., Zlotnick, C., Taft, A., & Johnson, J. E. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267679 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Impact of Seeking Safety Dose on Depression and PTSD Symptoms Among Pregnant and Post-Partum Women
Salvador, J. G., Bonham, C. A., Durán, D., & Crisanti, A. S. (2020) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-020-01747-9 · Cited by 4
Modelled cost-effectiveness of interpersonal therapy and exercise classes for the prevention of postnatal depression
Lal, A., Le, L. K.-D., Engel, L., Lee, Y. Y., & Mihalopoulos, C. (2021) · Mental health & prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2021.200214 · Cited by 5
Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence in Current Marital/Partner Relationships Among Female University Students and Among Women at an Emergency Department
Svavarsdóttir, E. K., & Örlygsdóttir, B. (2015) · Journal of Forensic Nursing · doi:10.1097/jfn.0000000000000061 · Cited by 3
Domestic Violence and Perinatal Mental Health
Keynejad, R. C., Wilson, C. A., & Howard, L. M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-91832-3_28 · Cited by 3
A systematic review of quality of reporting in registered intimate partner violence studies: where can we improve?
Madden, K., Phillips, M., Solow, M., McKinnon, V., & Bhandari, M. (2019) · Journal of Injury and Violence Research · doi:10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1140 · Cited by 3
The effect of a digital intervention on symptoms of depression in pregnant women exposed to Intimate partner violence in Denmark and Spain (STOP study)
Andreasen, K., López, R. F., Wu, C. S., Linde, D. S., Oviedo‐Gutiérrez, A., Megías, J. L., Martín‐de‐las‐Heras, S., Zapata‐Calvente, A. L., Ankerstjerne, L. B. S., de‐León‐de‐León, S., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.07.025 · Cited by 3
Impacts of Peer Support on Coping and Cortisol Levels for Women Affected by Domestic Violence and Coercive Control
Letourneau, N. L., McManus, C., Novick, J., & Silverstone, A. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/08445621241272723 · Cited by 2
Antenatal and intrapartum interventions to prevent psychological birth trauma: A mixed methods systematic review
Barrett, V., Evans, K., & Spiby, H. (2025) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2025.104473 · Cited by 2
Virtual versus in-person ROSE program (La Luz) as universal prevention for perinatal depression: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial in a safety net hospital
Liu, D. Y., Perry, N. S., Demers, C. H., Hyer, J., Alamo, A., Vuksanovich, P., Dube, N., Flanagan, E. R., Gallop, R., RHOADES, G. K., et al. (2025) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2025.107988 · Cited by 2
“Among those identified as being at risk for postpartum depression, ROSE is effective at preventing the onset of postpartum depression [23,24,27,28], with an average reduction in risk of 29 % [29], and effectiveness has been sustained through 12-month follow-up [23].”
Influential
Unsecured Life: The Experience of the Veteran Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Wives
Akoondzadeh, G., Nouhi, E., & Ebadi, A. (2018) · International Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.4236/ijcm.2018.94025 · Cited by 2
“Sometimes the wives as well as the veterans become unable in life after 15 years of living together [33] [34].”
Background
Effectiveness of a clinic-based counselling intervention on risk of experiencing intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion: a matched-pair cluster-controlled trial in Ebonyi and Sokoto, Nigeria
Betron, M. L., Bryce, E., Obafemi, S., Yusuf, S., Abdullahi, H., Ifemenam, E. V., Dikeocha, N., Maiakwai, A., Kabir, B., & Oduenyi, C. (2025) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2024-016898 · Cited by 1
Wars as a Source of Maternal Stress During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Rodríguez-Muñoz, M. F., Chrzan‐Dętkoś, M., Uka, A., & Fellmeth, G. L. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-09245-8_6 · Cited by 1
Considering a Relational Model for Depression in Women.
Kruse, J. A. (2012) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 1
Integrative Approaches to Perinatal Depression
Pirec, V., & Brogan, K. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19089-29 · Cited by 1
A systematic review of various interventions on domestic violence in pregnant women
Asadi, N., Rad, A. M., Masoumi, S. Z., Kazemi, F., & Khodaveisi, M. (2023) · Family Medicine & Primary Care Review · doi:10.5114/fmpcr.2023.127681 · Cited by 1
Violência na gestação e saúde mental de mulheres que são vítimas de seus parceiros
Fonseca‐Machado, M. D. O. (2014) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.22.2014.tde-08012015-101617 · Cited by 1
Domestic Violence Practitioners' Use of Research Evidence: Attitudes and Organizational Social Context
Malhotra, K. (2015) · Cited by 1
Help-Seeking Behaviours of Bhutanesse Women Subjected to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)
Choden, P. (2019) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.133983 · Cited by 1
The development, treatment, and prevention of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders
Sockol, L. E. (2013) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)
EXPLORING WOMEN'S PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR BIRTH OUTCOMES: INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE DURING PREGNANCY
Barkowitz, E. R. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
AN EXPLORATION OF WOMEN'S PERCEPTIONS AND LIVED EXPERIENCES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ABUSE IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR PREGNANCY
Baird, K. M. (2012) · UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)
Interpersonal therapy for female veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: A grant proposal
Boyles, A. S. (2013) · ProQuest Demo Repository
Terapia interpessoal: teoria, formaçao e prática clínica em um serviço de pesquisa e atendimento em violência
Carvalho, R. A., Pupo, M. C., & Mello, M. F. (2011)
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Stuart, S. P., & Koleva, H. K. (2014)
Mother-Infant Attachment: Path Analysis of the Predictive Role of Trauma Therapy and Select Demographics on Mother's Cognitive Responses
Knapp, N. (2020) · doi:10.32597/dissertations/1727
Psychosocial Treatment for Perinatal Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Nillni, Y. I., Murphy, S. K., Paul, E., & Johnson, E. C. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00134-5
What to Do Now? Listening and Learning from Survivors and Professionals Affected by Violence
McKinley, C. E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18583-0_20
Web-Based Intervention (SunnysideFlex) to Promote Resilience to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms During Pregnancy: Development and Pilot Study
Paltell, K. C., Duffecy, J. L., Maki, P. M., Zakeri, S. E., Vujanovic, A. A., & Berenz, E. C. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/53744
“For example, in one pilot study, participants only completed an average of 3 out of the 5 in-person prenatal intervention sessions [41].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Components of Family-Focused Interventions that Have Common Impacts Across Parental Domestic Violence and Abuse, Mental Ill-Health, and Substance Misuse: An Intervention Components Analysis
Allen, K., Malhotra, T., Bond, A. R. F., Garrood, A., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Ford, T., Bonell, C. P., & Berry, V. (2025) · Journal of Prevention · doi:10.1007/s10935-025-00868-5 · Cited by 1
“…intervention involved aimed to enhance a “ mother’s capacity for mentalization or reflective functioning in the parenting role” (p. 618, Suchman et al., 2017 ), while others provided opportunities for participants to reflect on previous sessions to rein - 1 3 force content (Zlotnick et al., 2011).”
E-health intervention in pregnant women exposed to intimate partner violence (eIPV): Results of a pilot randomised controlled trial
Zapata‐Calvente, A. L., Bueno‐Cavanillas, A., Andreasen, K., Linde, D. S., Rasch, V., Khan, K. S., & Martín‐de‐las‐Heras, S. (2026) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2026.101634
“A research conducted by Zlotnick et al. [52] reported substantial recruitment and adherence difficulties among pregnant women exposed to IPV, and the intervention did not yield significant reductions in depression, PTSD, or IPV.”
Existing and Potential Therapies for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms in Intimate Partner Violence: A Narrative Review
Copas, C., Astridge, A. D., Knight, J. M., McDonald, S. J., Shultz, S. R., & Symons, G. F. (2026) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci16040398
“Interpersonal Therapy and Forgiveness Therapy integrate modern psychotherapy and mindfulness techniques to strengthen interpersonal skills and social support and have reduced PTSD symptoms in pregnant IPV survivors and in women living in shelters [70–72].”
Targeting depression before it starts: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of preventive interventions in young adults from randomized controlled trials
Aymerich, C., Peycheva, A., Harmanto, D., Young, A. H., Danese, A., Kandola, A. A., Bockting, C., Cuijpers, P. J., & Breedvelt, J. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.122289

Authors: Zlotnick, C., Capezza, N. M., & Parker, D.
Affiliations: Brown University (US)
Corresponding author: Zlotnick, Caron
ORCID: Zlotnick, Caron
Capezza, Nicole M.
Venue: Archives of Women s Mental Health
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-12-11
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 55-65
ISSN: 1434-1816 (ISSN-L)
1435-1102
DOI: 10.1007/s00737-010-0195-x
PMC: PMC3042850
OpenAlex: W2130513347
Cited by: 136
References: 109
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 5.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Archives of Women s Mental Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH075013)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords: intimate partner violence, pregnant women, interpersonal psychotherapy, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, low-income women, postpartum period, social support, transition to motherhood, interpersonal relationships, intervention feasibility and acceptability
MeSH terms: Adult, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Pilot Projects, Poverty, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Psychotherapy, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Domestic Violence, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

An interpersonally based intervention for low-income pregnant women with intimate partner violence: a pilot study

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks