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Coping strategies of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
To deal with stress, parents of children with ASD use coping strategies that help to tackle the challenging situations of raising their child. This systematic review examines parental coping strategy's questionnaires, factors which influence these coping strategies, interactions between these strategies and perceived stress and their impact on parental quality of life. According to PRISMA guidelines, an electronic search was conducted on Medline, PsycInfo and Eric: 156 articles were identified and 11 studies were selected. Many types of self-reported questionnaires were used to assess parental coping strategies. Studies highlighted that parents of a child with ASD used more avoidance strategies and less social support-seeking strategies than those of typical children. Furthermore, problem-focused coping protects parental stress and quality of life, that on the contrary, emotion-focused coping is a risk factor for alteration. Our systematic review illustrates the need to adapt psychoeducational interventions for parents of children with ASD.
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“Vernhet et al. (2019) pointed out the lack of research regarding links between positive or adaptive resources in this group which limits the applicability of most of the current findings in terms of the improvement of parents’ quality of life and adaptive coping.”
From Self-compassion, ego-resiliency, coping with stress and the quality of life of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Vernhet et al. (2019)
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“Meta-analysis conducted by Vernhet et al. (2019) revealed that problem-focused coping strategies decreased stress levels experienced by parents of children with ASD, while emotion-oriented strategies acted conversely being associated with more stress and depressive symptoms.”
From Self-compassion, ego-resiliency, coping with stress and the quality of life of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Vernhet et al. (2019)
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Self-citationCoping resources and stress due to demands in parents to children with autism spectrum disorder
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Stipanicic, A., Couture, G., Rivest, C., Rousseau, M., & Paquette, M. (2021) · Annales Médico-psychologiques revue psychiatrique · doi:10.1016/j.amp.2021.10.018 · Cited by 3
Transtorno do espectro autista: Diagnóstico e compreensão da temática pelos responsáveis
Gaiato, M. H. B., Zotesso, M. C., Ferreira, L., Silveira, R. D. R., & Diodato, R. (2022) · Revista Contexto & Saúde · doi:10.21527/2176-7114.2022.46.13209 · Cited by 3
Berenguer, C., Pardo‐Salamanca, A., Rosa, E., Gómez, S., & Santamarina, C. (2024) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2024.2331748 · Cited by 3
“In the same vein, Vernhet et al.’s review (2019) revealed that parents of children with ASD favored avoidance coping styles and utilized social support-seeking strategies less frequently than parents of typically developing children.”
Suvarna, V., Farrell, L. J., Adams, D., Emerson, L., & Paynter, J. M. (2025) · Clinical Psychologist · doi:10.1080/13284207.2025.2498396 · Cited by 6
Stres pengasuhan dan peran coping pada ayah yang memiliki anak dengan spektrum autisme
Prameswari, I. G. A. S. D., Ginanjar, A. S., Ednadita, G., & Pranawati, S. Y. (2022) · Jurnal Psikologi Sosial · doi:10.7454/jps.2022.16 · Cited by 3
Sumbane, G. O. (2024) · African Journal of Disability · doi:10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1384 · Cited by 3
“The other one is an emotion-focused coping, which aims to reduce the emotional distress associated with stressful situations (Vernhet et al. 2019). taking action to address the problem, has been linked to better mental health outcomes (Harris 2021; Ishtiaq et al. 2020).”
BackgroundVarnava, V., Constantin, A., & Alexandru, C. (2020) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-2637-8.ch004 · Cited by 3
Parental Coping Styles of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Report from Iran
Samadi, S. A. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.92700 · Cited by 3
“The importance of developing and employing a well-functioning coping style for the parents of children with ASD has been stressed by Sivberg [12] and has been replicated more recently by other professionals in the field of mental health and resilience [13].”
BackgroundKim, T. Y., Lee, J.-H., & Cho, H. (2025) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/17479541251333930 · Cited by 2
“82 – 84 In reality, this classi fi cation overlooks individual differences and situational factors.”
Mo, S., Shu-qian, L., & Jin, Z. (2025) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-025-00509-x · Cited by 2
Lobato, D., Montesinos, F., Polín, E., Flujas-Contreras, J. M., Becerra, I. G., & Budziszewska, L. (2025) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.70131 · Cited by 4
“Psychological stress is more prevalent among parents of children with NDDs than among parents of children without such a diagnosis (Vernhet et al. 2019).”
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Parents of Children Diagnosed With Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Wang, H., Janszky, I., Möller, J., Liang, Y., & László, K. D. (2026) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.0857 · Cited by 2
Parents’ Experience in Coping with Sexuality Matters in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Gunarhadi, G., Sugini, S., & Supratiwi, M. (2021) · International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education (ICLIQE) · doi:10.1145/3516875.3516904 · Cited by 2
“There is more agreement about the reduced use of social support-seeking strategies by parents of children with ASD relative to parents of children with other developmental disorders [38].”
BackgroundLai, W. (2024) · Studies in Social Science & Humanities · doi:10.56397/sssh.2024.01.07 · Cited by 2
“For example, parents of children with ASD are generally required to devote a considerable amount of their time to caregiving, as the symptoms of ASD often persevere across the lifespan (Nicholas et al., 2017; Vernhet et al., 2019).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEstrés parental en padres de niños con y sin trastornos del espectro autista
Rodríguez, A. F. Á., & Fernández-Monge, L. M. (2024) · Revista Ecuatoriana de Psicología · doi:10.33996/repsi.v7i17.110 · Cited by 2
Exploring Marital Quality in Parents of Children with Autism: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators
Gur, A., & Bayazy, Y. G. (2024) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci13060287 · Cited by 2
“In addition, studies have shown that parents of children with ASD use more inefficient coping strategies (Vernhet et al. 2019) and report lower parental competence (Mohammadi et al. 2019).”
BackgroundLaughlin, E., & Chun, S. (2025) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2025.2489348 · Cited by 2
“A growing body of research has explained how parent caregivers manage the physical, social, psychological, and environmental demands and stress associated with caring for a child with disabilities (e.g., Vernhet et al., 2019).”
InfluentialPachița, I.-C., & Gherguț, A. (2023) · Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty SOCIAL SCIENCES · doi:10.18662/lumenss/12.1/83 · Cited by 2
Ratté, V., & Fecteau, S.-M. (2022) · Revue de psychoéducation · doi:10.7202/1088633ar · Cited by 1
Interventions for Family Members
Machalicek, W., Erturk, B., Gulgatch, L., Wei, Q., Alvarez, K., & Joseph, S. S. (2022) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-88538-0_61 · Cited by 2
Popa, Z. L., Margan, M.-M., Bernad, E. S., Stelea, L., Craina, M. L., Ciucă, I. M., & Bînă, A. M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192215055 · Cited by 1
“They also seek moral support, friendship, compassion, and understanding less often than parents of healthy developing children [31].”
BackgroundFix, R. L., & Mendelson, T. (2023) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x231163937 · Cited by 1
“Much existing research centers on caregivers of children with disabilities or very young children (age 1 – 6) or only focuses on experiences of mothers (Miranda et al., 2019; Rajgariah et al., 2021; Vernhet et al., 2019).”
BackgroundGiolo, S. R., Fernandes, Y. R., & dos Anjos, A. (2023) · OALib · doi:10.4236/oalib.1110314 · Cited by 1
Norozi, M., Mire, S. S., Dadgar, H., Dalvand, H., & Marufizadeh, S. (2023) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2023.2272089 · Cited by 1
“…problem behaviors (Schwartzman et al. 2021), child age (Gray, 2002), personality characteristics (Duarte et al. 2005), access to appropriate professionals (Crane et al. 2016), selecting schools or education provisions (McNerney et al. 2015), and parents’ own coping strategies (Vernhet et al. 2019).”
Khait, A. F. A., Menger, A., Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M., Aldalaykeh, M., Hamaideh, S. H., Al‐Mrayat, Y. D., & Nusair, H. (2024) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939459241254782 · Cited by 1
“47,50 Evidence has shown that emotion-focused coping and avoidant coping are risk factors for distress in HCPs of autistic children who use coping strategies to help control the negative feelings of stressful situations.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Vernhet, C., Dellapiazza, F., Blanc, N., Cousson-Gélie, F., Miot, S., Roeyers, H., & Baghdadli, A.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Université de Montpellier (FR)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Vernhet, Christelle
- Venue
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Published
- 2018-06-18
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 747-758
- ISSN
- 1018-8827 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-165X
- OpenAlex
- W2809010317
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- biblio.ugent.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parental coping strategies, parental stress, perceived stress, parental quality of life, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, avoidance coping, social support seeking, parents of children with disabilities, psychoeducational intervention
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support
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