Cited by 180Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentBehavioral and Psychological Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 139 of the 139 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The management of ADHD in children and adolescents: bringing evidence to the clinic: perspective from the European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG)

Open access

Abstract

ADHD is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder presenting to child and adolescent mental health, paediatric, and primary care services. Timely and effective interventions to address core ADHD symptoms and co-occurring problems are a high priority for healthcare and society more widely. While much research has reported on the benefits and adverse effects of different interventions for ADHD, these individual research reports and the reviews, meta-analyses and guidelines summarizing their findings are sometimes inconsistent and difficult to interpret. We have summarized the current evidence and identified several methodological issues and gaps in the current evidence that we believe are important for clinicians to consider when evaluating the evidence and making treatment decisions. These include understanding potential impact of bias such as inadequate blinding and selection bias on study outcomes; the relative lack of high-quality data comparing different treatments and assessing long-term effectiveness, adverse effects and safety for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments; and the problems associated with observational studies, including those based on large national registries and comparing treatments with each other. We highlight key similarities across current international clinical guidelines and discuss the reasons for divergence where these occur. We discuss the integration of these different perspective into a framework for person/family-centered evidence-based practice approach to care that aims to achieve optimal outcomes that prioritize individual strengths and impairments, as well as the personal treatment targets of children and their families. Finally, we consider how access to care for this common and impairing disorder can be improved in different healthcare systems.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00787-021-01871-x

Cites

139 of 139 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 139 references

Research works printed but not linked: 14

  1. Hinshaw SP, Scheffler RM (2018) ADHD in the twenty-first century: Biology, context, policy, and the need for integrative perspective. In: Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zuddas A (eds) Oxford textbook of ADHD. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 9–18
  2. Bolte S, Poustka L, Geurts H (2018) Austism spectrum disorder. In: Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zuddas A (eds) Oxford teaxtbook of ADHD. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 227–234
  3. Simonoff E (2018) Intelectual impairment and neurogenetic disorders. In: Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zuddas A (eds) Oxford teaxtbook of ADHD. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 235–246
  4. Oxley C, Stringaris A (2018) Comorbidity: depression and anxiety. In: Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zuddas A (eds) Oxford textbook of ADHD. Oxford University Press, Oxfiord, pp 206–214
  5. Economics DA (2019) the Social and Economic costs of ADHD in Australia. Australian ADHD Professionals Association, Melbourne
  6. Swanson JM, Arnold LE, Jensen P, Hinshaw SP, Hechtman LT, Conners CK et al (2018) Long- term outcomes in the Multimodal Treatment study of Children with ADHD (the MTA): from beginning to end. In: Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zuddas A (eds) The Oxford textbook of ADHD. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 315–332
  7. NICE (2019) Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management (NG 136). National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London
  8. NICE (2018) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
  9. Alliance CAR (2018) Canadian ADHD Practice Guidelines. Fourth Edition. Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance
  10. Jensen PS (1999) A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56(12):1073–1086 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Cortese S, Adamo N, Del Giovane C, Mohr-Jensen C, Hayes AJ, Carucci S et al (2018) Comparative efficacy and tolerability of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30269-4 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Trochetto de Oliveira C, Dias A (2018) Psychoeducation for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: what, how and who shall we inform? Trends Psychol 26(1):263–281
  13. Bernard S, Turk J (2009) Developing mental health services for children and adolescents with learning disabilities: a toolkit for clinicians. Royal College of Psychiatrists, London
  14. RCPSYCH (2019) Children and youngpeople with mental healthproblems and access to NHS treatments. Royal college of Psychiatrists, London

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 180

Metadata

Authors
Coghill, D., Banaschewski, T., Cortese, S., Asherson, P., Brandeis, D., Buitelaar, J., Daley, D., Danckaerts, M., Dittmann, R. W., Doepfner, M., Ferrin, M., Hollis, C., Holtmann, M., Paramala, S., Sonuga-Barke, E., Soutullo, C., Steinhausen, H.-C., Van der Oord, S., Wong, I. C. K., Zuddas, A., & Simonoff, E.
Affiliations
  • Royal Children's Hospital (AU)
  • Heidelberg University (DE)
  • University of Nottingham (GB)
  • King's College London (GB)
  • University of Zurich (CH)
  • Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • LWL-Universitätsklinik Hamm (DE)
  • University of Southern Denmark (DK)
  • UCL School of Pharmacy (GB)
  • University of Cagliari (IT)
Corresponding author
Simonoff, Emily
Venue
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Published
2021-10-22
Volume
32
Issue
8
Pages
1337-1361
ISSN
  • 1018-8827 (ISSN-L)
  • 1435-165X
OpenAlex
W3207759740
Cited by
180
References
139
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 2
FWCI
4.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Lirias (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • ETH Zürich Research Collection
  • Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
Funders
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Sunovion
  • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
  • National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR200263)
  • University of Cambridge
  • University of Oxford
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  • Volkswagen Foundation
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
  • Bundesministerium für Gesundheit
  • Servier
  • H. Lundbeck A/S
  • National Institute of Mental Health
  • Cilag
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children and adolescents, evidence-based practice, methodological bias, treatment effectiveness, adverse effects, pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacological treatment, long-term outcomes, family-centered care, health care access
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Humans, Mental Health

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review