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Logic-based technologies for multi-agent systems: a systematic literature review
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Precisely when the success of artificial intelligence (AI) sub-symbolic techniques makes them be identified with the whole AI by many non-computer-scientists and non-technical media, symbolic approaches are getting more and more attention as those that could make AI amenable to human understanding. Given the recurring cycles in the AI history, we expect that a revamp of technologies often tagged as “classical AI”—in particular, logic-based ones—will take place in the next few years. On the other hand, agents and multi-agent systems (MAS) have been at the core of the design of intelligent systems since their very beginning, and their long-term connection with logic-based technologies , which characterised their early days, might open new ways to engineer explainable intelligent systems . This is why understanding the current status of logic-based technologies for MAS is nowadays of paramount importance. Accordingly, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive view of those technologies by making them the subject of a systematic literature review (SLR). The resulting technologies are discussed and evaluated from two different perspectives: the MAS and the logic-based ones.
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“However, across these diverse systems, early AI agents shared common limitations: they lacked self-learning, generative reasoning, and adaptability to unstructured or evolving environments.”
From AI Agents vs. Agentic AI: A Conceptual Taxonomy, Applications and Challenges (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
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“Primary references: [108,182] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [109–111,130,180,298,360] URL: http://apapl.”
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SODA: Societies and Infrastructures in the Analysis and Design of Agent-Based Systems
Omicini, A. (2000) · International Workshop on Agent-Oriented Software Engineering · doi:10.1007/3-540-44564-1_12 · Cited by 305 · cited 6×
“As suggested by Omicini [273], we categorise the selected technologies on the three main abstractions in MAS—namely, agents, societies, and the environment—thus revealing an uneven distribution of logic-based technologies on MAS abstractions, and highlighting research opportunities on less popular abstractions—as the…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMCK: Model Checking the Logic of Knowledge
Gammie, P., & van der Meyden, R. (2004) · International Conference on Computer Aided Verification · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-27813-9_41 · Cited by 298 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [157] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [268] URL: http://cgi.”
BackgroundClavel, M., Eker, S., Lincoln, P., & Meseguer, J. (1996) · Workshop on Rewriting Logic and Its Applications · doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(04)00034-9 · Cited by 295 · cited 2×
“Table 4 Main technologies excluded from the survey, along with the motivation spanning between (i) “general purpose”, (ii) “no logic”, (iii) “technology not found” Motivation for exclusion Technology General purpose 4QL [243], CCALC [163], CDF-Rules [164], Clingo [292], DR-Prolog [37], Inter4QL [199], InterProlog [62]…”
BackgroundISLANDER: an electronic institutions editor
Esteva, M., de la Cruz, D., & Sierra, C. (2002) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/545056.545069 · Cited by 293
Persuasive argumentation in negotiation
Sycara, K. (1990) · Theory and Decision · doi:10.1007/bf00162699 · Cited by 280 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundLEADSTO: A Language and Environment for Analysis of Dynamics by SimulaTiOn
Bosse, T., Jonker, C., van der Meij, L., & Treur, J. (2005) · Multiagent System Technologies · doi:10.1007/11550648_15 · Cited by 279 · cited 3×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundMCMAS: an open-source model checker for the verification of multi-agent systems
Lomuscio, A., Qu, H.-Y., & Raimondi, F. (2017) · International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT) · doi:10.1007/s10009-015-0378-x · Cited by 278 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [236] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [68,133,235,237,285] URL: http://vas.”
BackgroundJACKTM Intelligent Agents: An Industrial Strength Platform
Winikoff, M. (2005) · Multi-Agent Programming · doi:10.1007/0-387-26350-0_7 · Cited by 276
The Iff Proof Procedure for Abductive Logic Programming
Fung, T.-H., & Kowalski, R. (1997) · The Journal of Logic Programming · doi:10.1016/s0743-1066(97)00026-5 · Cited by 254 · cited 2×
“In order to allow such application, SCIFF extends IFF by Fung and Kowalski [154].”
MethodFrom tuple spaces to tuple centres
Omicini, A., & Denti, E. (2001) · Science of Computer Programming · doi:10.1016/s0167-6423(01)00011-9 · Cited by 253 · cited 3×
“Primary references: [275,276] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [64,264,264,265,265,278,279] URL: http://tucson.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationProgramming Rational Agents in GOAL
Hindriks, K. (2009) · Multi-Agent Programming, Languages, Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89299-3_4 · Cited by 241
Environment programming in multi-agent systems: an artifact-based perspective
Ricci, A., Piunti, M., & Viroli, M. (2011) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/s10458-010-9140-7 · Cited by 240
ASPECS: an agent-oriented software process for engineering complex systems
Cossentino, M., Gaud, N., Hilaire, V., Galland, S., & Koukam, A. (2010) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/s10458-009-9099-4 · Cited by 226 · cited 1×
“, [91,104,166]—drives the organisation of this section.”
DRAGO: Distributed Reasoning Architecture for the Semantic Web
Serafini, L., & Tamilin, A. (2005) · Extended Semantic Web Conference · doi:10.1007/11431053_25 · Cited by 224 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [312] URL: http://drago.”
Model checking agent programming languages
Dennis, L., Fisher, M., Webster, M., & Bordini, R. H. (2012) · International Conference on Automated Software Engineering · doi:10.1007/s10515-011-0088-x · Cited by 219 · cited 2×
“Primary references: [120] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [118–121] URL: http://mcapl.”
BackgroundMethodMole – Concepts of a mobile agent system
Baumann, J., Hohl, F., Rothermel, K., & Straßer, M. (1999) · World wide web (Bussum) · doi:10.1023/a:1019211714301 · Cited by 219 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundOMNI: Introducing Social Structure, Norms and Ontologies into Agent Organizations
Dignum, V., Vázquez-Salceda, J., & Dignum, F. (2004) · International Workshop on Programming Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32260-3_10 · Cited by 210 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundEverything as a Service: Powering the New Information Economy
Banerjee, P., Friedrich, R., Bash, C., Goldsack, P., Huberman, B., Manley, J., Patel, C., Ranganathan, P., & Veitch, A. (2011) · Computer · doi:10.1109/mc.2011.67 · Cited by 208 · cited 10×
“As aWeb Service, Aspartix can be virtually used on any platform.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Semantic Web: Research and Applications
Bussler, C., Davies, J., Fensel, D., & Studer, R. (2004) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/b97867 · Cited by 206
The dMARS Architecture: A Specification of the Distributed Multi-Agent Reasoning System
d'Inverno, M., Luck, M., Georgeff, M., Kinny, D., & Wooldridge, M. (2004) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1023/b:agnt.0000019688.11109.19 · Cited by 205 · cited 1×
“Technology not found ABLE [349] , AgentStra [229], Ameli [137], ANA (Automated Negotiation Agent) [214], AOSDE [316], April [251], Argonaut [103], ARTIMIS [51], Baop [106], Camus [230], CASL (cognitive agents specification language) [315], CASP (Checking AgentSpeak Program) [43], Caso [107], Cast [359], CLAIM [132], C…”
BackgroundVerifiable agent interaction in abductive logic programming: The SCIFF framework
Alberti, M., Chesani, F., Gavanelli, M., Lamma, E., Mello, P., & Torroni, P. (2008) · TOCL · doi:10.1145/1380572.1380578 · Cited by 203 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [3] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [4,9,55,72,73,147,338,341] URL: http://lia.”
BackgroundLifted Variable Elimination for Probabilistic Logic Programming
Bellodi, E., Lamma, E., Riguzzi, F., Costa, V. S., & Zese, R. (2014) · Theory and Practice of Logic Programming · doi:10.1017/s1471068414000283 · Cited by 197
METATEM: A Framework for Programming in Temporal Logic
Barringer, H., Fisher, M., Gabbay, D., Gough, G., & Owens, R. (1989) · REX Workshop · doi:10.1007/3-540-52559-9_62 · Cited by 196 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [142,146] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [29,46,144,145,180] URL: http://cgi.”
BackgroundAgent Programming with Declarative Goals
de Boer, F. D., Hindriks, K., van der Hoek, W., & Meyer, J. (2002) · arXiv.org · doi:10.48550/arxiv.cs/0207008 · Cited by 195 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [183] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [46,111,112,179–181,202,208] URL: http://goalapl.”
BackgroundSeghrouchni, A. E. F., Dix, J., Dastani, M., & Bordini, R. H. (2009) · Springer US · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89299-3 · Cited by 189
April - Agent PRocess Interaction Language
McCabe, F., & Clark, K. (1995) · ECAI Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages · doi:10.1007/3-540-58855-8_21 · Cited by 182 · cited 30×
“The Mozart language and runtime explicitly target search problems through constraint propagation, similarly to what most constraint logic programming (CLP) [200] solvers 7 http://www.di.unito.it/~alice/dynamicslogic/, last accessed in April 2020.”
BackgroundInfluentialMCMAS: A Model Checker for Multi-agent Systems
Lomuscio, A., & Raimondi, F. (2006) · International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for Construction and Analysis of Systems · doi:10.1007/11691372_31 · Cited by 176 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [236] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [68,133,235,237,285] URL: http://vas.”
BackgroundMOISE+: towards a structural, functional, and deontic model for MAS organization
Hübner, J., Sichman, J. S., & Boissier, O. (2002) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/544741.544858 · Cited by 174
Cougaar: a scalable, distributed multi-agent architecture
Helsinger, A., Thome, M., & Wright, T. (2004) · IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/icsmc.2004.1399959 · Cited by 172
Model checking multi-agent systems with MABLE
Wooldridge, M., Fisher, M., Huget, M., & Parsons, S. (2002) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/544862.544965 · Cited by 166
Action Languages, Answer Sets, and Planning
Lifschitz, V. (1999) · The Logic Programming Paradigm · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60085-2_16 · Cited by 163 · cited 2×
“MAS perspective RASP (Resourced Answer Set Programming) extends Answer Set Programming (ASP, by Lifschitz [231]) by supporting declarative reasoning on production and consumption of resources.”
BackgroundFrom logic programming towards multi‐agent systems
Kowalski, R., & Sadri, F. (1999) · Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1023/a:1018934223383 · Cited by 155 · cited 2×
“[116], Kowalski and Sadri [213], Bozzano et al.”
BackgroundModel checking JAVA programs using JAVA PathFinder
Havelund, K., & Pressburger, T. (2000) · International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT) · doi:10.1007/s100090050043 · Cited by 151 · cited 8×
“We only succeeded in the first activity, since MCAPL fails to load the JPF dependency provided, because it is apparently too old to work with modern versions of JVM.”
InfluentialCosta, V. S., Rocha, R., & Damas, L. (2011) · Theory and Practice of Logic Programming · doi:10.1017/s1471068411000512 · Cited by 149 · cited 2×
“General purpose 4QL [243], CCALC [163], CDF-Rules [164], Clingo [292], DR-Prolog [37], Inter4QL [199], InterProlog [62], Jess [177], JPF [170], KQML [143], Maude [86], MOCHA [7], OWL & SWRL [191], Pellet [321], PRISM [219], Progol [261], Protege [162], SICStus [63], Smodels [331], sparql [210], SPIN & Promela [188], S…”
BackgroundPosition and change : a study in law and logic
Atkinson, R., Lindahl, L., & Needham, P. (1979) · doi:10.2307/2219498 · Cited by 149
Negoplan: an expert system shell for negotiation support
Matwin, S., Szpakowicz, S., Koperczak, Z., Kersten, G., & Michalowski, W. (1989) · IEEE Expert · doi:10.1109/64.43285 · Cited by 142 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundProgramming Multi-Agent Systems
Bordini, R. H., Dastani, M., Dix, J., Elfallah, A., Seghrouchni, & Springer, Q. (2012) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-38700-5 · Cited by 135
Stepwise Refinement of Distributed Systems Models, Formalisms, Correctness
de Bakker, J. W., de Roever, W. D., & Rozenberg, G. (1989) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/3-540-52559-9 · Cited by 131
InfoSleuth: Semantic Integration of Information in Open and Dynamic Environments (Experience Paper)
Bayardo, R., Bohrer, W., Brice, R., Cichocki, A., Fowler, J., Helal, A., Kashyap, V., Ksiezyk, T., Martin, G., Nodine, M., et al. (1997) · SIGMOD Conference · doi:10.1145/253262.253294 · Cited by 131
Lam, B., & Governatori, G. (2009) · International Web Rule Symposium · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-04985-9_29 · Cited by 130 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [220] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [12,335] URL: https://sourceforge.”
BackgroundSyrjanen, T., & Niemelä, I. (2001) · International Conference on Logic Programming and Non-Monotonic Reasoning · doi:10.1007/3-540-45402-0_38 · Cited by 130 · cited 3×
“Table 4 Main technologies excluded from the survey, along with the motivation spanning between (i) “general purpose”, (ii) “no logic”, (iii) “technology not found” Motivation for exclusion Technology General purpose 4QL [243], CCALC [163], CDF-Rules [164], Clingo [292], DR-Prolog [37], Inter4QL [199], InterProlog [62]…”
BackgroundThe PLACA Agent Programming Language
Thomas, S. (1995) · ECAI Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages · doi:10.1007/3-540-58855-8_23 · Cited by 128 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundSPARQL Query Answering over OWL Ontologies
Kollia, I., Glimm, B., & Horrocks, I. (2011) · Extended Semantic Web Conference · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21034-1_26 · Cited by 126 · cited 3×
“, perceptions and messages), decision making, symbolic knowledge manipulation exploiting common knowledge representation technologies such as Prolog and OWL/SPARQL [210], in addition to reinforcement learning, and planning.”
BackgroundDR-Prolog: A System for Defeasible Reasoning with Rules and Ontologies on the Semantic Web
Antoniou, G., & Bikakis, A. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering · doi:10.1109/tkde.2007.29 · Cited by 126
Defining interaction protocols using a commitment-based agent communication language
Fornara, N., & Colombetti, M. (2003) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/860575.860659 · Cited by 126
Bretier, P., & Sadek, M. (1996) · ATAL · doi:10.1007/bfb0013586 · Cited by 124
A Logic Programming Language for Multi-agent Systems
Costantini, S., & Tocchio, A. (2002) · European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/3-540-45757-7_1 · Cited by 122 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [97] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [36,98,99,101] URL: http://github.”
BackgroundPOSITION AND CHANGE: A Study in Law and Logic
Porn, I. (1978) · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0149.1978.tb01762.x · Cited by 120 · cited 1×
“The DALMAS architecture is regulated by a normative system consisting of norms, which are expressed in an algebraic notation based on the Kanger–Lindahl theory of normative positions [233].”
MethodHandbook Of Logic In Artificial Intelligence And Logic Programming
(2016) · doi:10.5860/choice.32-2781 · Cited by 119 · cited 2×
“Logical perspective SPINdle is based on the “pure” defeasible model introduced by Nute [272].”
New Foundations for Ethical Theory
Kanger, S. (1970) · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-3146-2_2 · Cited by 116
ASPARTIX: Implementing Argumentation Frameworks Using Answer-Set Programming
Egly, U., Gaggl, S. A., & Woltran, S. (2008) · International Conference on Logic Programming · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-89982-2_67 · Cited by 114 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [131] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [39,347] URL: http://www.”
BackgroundMCMAS-SLK: A Model Checker for the Verification of Strategy Logic Specifications
Cermák, P., Lomuscio, A., Mogavero, F., & Murano, A. (2014) · International Conference on Computer Aided Verification · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1402.2948 · Cited by 112
A platform-independent metamodel for multiagent systems
Hahn, C., Madrigal-Mora, C., & Fischer, K. (2008) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/s10458-008-9042-0 · Cited by 112
Simon, L., Mallya, A., Bansal, A. K., & Gupta, G. (2006) · International Conference on Logic Programming · doi:10.1007/11799573_25 · Cited by 111
SARL: A General-Purpose Agent-Oriented Programming Language
Rodriguez, S., Gaud, N., & Galland, S. (2014) · 2014 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence (WI) and Intelligent Agent Technologies (IAT) · doi:10.1109/wi-iat.2014.156 · Cited by 106 · cited 34×
“Thanks to the availability of both examples and documentation, we were able to test the 2APL technology that still works on JVM 6, 7, and 8.”
BackgroundInfluentialAgent Factory Micro Edition: A Framework for Ambient Applications
Muldoon, C., O'Hare, G. M. P., Collier, R. W., & O'Grady, M. (2006) · International Conference on Conceptual Structures · doi:10.1007/11758532_95 · Cited by 106 · cited 1×
“For instance, Agent FactoryMicro Edition (AFME) [262] enables the execution of a deliberative agent on top of mobile phones with CLDC/MIDP profiles and Sun-SPOT sensor by means of TCP/IP and Zigbee protocols.”
IndiGolog: A High-Level Programming Language for Embedded Reasoning Agents
Giacomo, G. D., Lespérance, Y., Levesque, H., & Sardiña, S. (2009) · Multi-Agent Programming, Languages, Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89299-3_2 · Cited by 106 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [113,114,228] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [46,117,245,254,283] URL: http://www.”
BackgroundThe DALI Logic Programming Agent-Oriented Language
Costantini, S., & Tocchio, A. (2004) · European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_57 · Cited by 100 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [97] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [36,98,99,101] URL: http://github.”
BackgroundOn the Formal Semantics of Speech-Act Based Communication in an Agent-Oriented Programming Language
Vieira, R., Moreira, Á. F., Wooldridge, M., & Bordini, R. H. (2007) · Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research · doi:10.1613/jair.2221 · Cited by 97
The cognitive agents specification language and verification environment for multiagent systems
Shapiro, S., Lespérance, Y., & Levesque, H. (2002) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/544741.544746 · Cited by 97
tu Prolog: A Light-Weight Prolog for Internet Applications and Infrastructures
Denti, E., Omicini, A., & Ricci, A. (2001) · International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages · doi:10.1007/3-540-45241-9_13 · Cited by 93 · cited 3×
“DCaseLP [247] is its distributed version (from which the “D” comes from), based on JADE [34], tuProlog [122] and Jess [177].”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationDefeasible Reasoning: A Philosophical Analysis in Prolog
Nute, D. (1988) · Studies in cognitive systems · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2699-8_9 · Cited by 92 · cited 1×
“Defeasible knowledge can be expressed and conflicts can be solved according to standard defeasible logic [271].”
BackgroundFrom agent theory to agent implementation
Kluegl, F. (2001) · doi:10.1007/bf03250796 · Cited by 91 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundDR-NEGOTIATE - a system for automated agent negotiation with defeasible logic-based strategies
Skylogiannis, T., Antoniou, G., Bassiliades, N., Governatori, G., & Bikakis, A. (2005) · International Conference on E-Learning, E-Business, Enterprise Information Systems, & E-Government · doi:10.1016/j.datak.2007.03.004 · Cited by 88
Data functions, datalog and negation
Abiteboul, S., & Hull, R. (1988) · ACM SIGMOD Conference · doi:10.1145/50202.50218 · Cited by 86
Taming Agents and Objects in Software Engineering
da Silva, V. D., Garcia, A. F., Brandão, A. A. F., Chavez, C., de Lucena, C. J. D., & Alencar, P. (2002) · International Workshop on Software Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/3-540-35828-5_1 · Cited by 86 · cited 1×
“, [91,104,166]—drives the organisation of this section.”
COMPUTATIONAL LOGICS AND AGENTS: A ROAD MAP OF CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES AND FUTURE TRENDS
Fisher, M., Bordini, R. H., Hirsch, B., & Torroni, P. (2007) · International Conference on Climate Informatics · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8640.2007.00295.x · Cited by 84 · cited 3×
“Primary references: [3] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [4,9,55,72,73,147,338,341] URL: http://lia.”
BackgroundWinikoff, M., Liu, W., & Harland, J. (2004) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/11493402_12 · Cited by 83 · cited 1×
“[354], which allows all the possible executions of a business protocol to be explored, showing all the violations.”
BackgroundMINERVA - A Dynamic Logic Programming Agent Architecture
Leite, J., Alferes, J. J., & Pereira, L. M. (2001) · ATAL · doi:10.1007/3-540-45448-9_11 · Cited by 83
Infrastructures for the environment of multiagent systems
Viroli, M., Holvoet, T., Ricci, A., Schelfthout, K., & Zambonelli, F. (2007) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/s10458-006-9001-6 · Cited by 72
Model Checking Multi-Agent Programs with CASP
Bordini, R. H., Fisher, M., Pardavila, C., Visser, W., & Wooldridge, M. (2003) · International Conference on Computer Aided Verification · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-45069-6_10 · Cited by 71
Jackal: a Java-based Tool for Agent Development
Cost, R. S., Labrou, Y., Luan, X., Peng, Y., Soboroff, I., Mayfield, J., & Boughannam, A. (1998) · Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium) · doi:10.13016/m288qu-4kui · Cited by 71 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundBDI Agent Programming in AgentSpeak Using Jason (Tutorial Paper)
Bordini, R. H., & Hübner, J. (2005) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/11750734_9 · Cited by 67 · cited 2×
“Consider for instance Jason [42], a well-known MAS specimen of technology inspired by the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture [295–297]—and hence by the BDI logic—, written in Java.”
BackgroundMethodConArg: A Constraint-Based Computational Framework for Argumentation Systems
Bistarelli, S., & Santini, F. (2011) · IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1109/ictai.2011.96 · Cited by 66 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundLindahl, L. (1977) · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-1202-7 · Cited by 66
Automatic Generation of Self-monitoring MASs from Multiparty Global Session Types in Jason
Ancona, D., Drossopoulou, S., & Mascardi, V. (2012) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37890-4_5 · Cited by 65
Self-citationAgent-Oriented Programming with Underlying Ontological Reasoning
Moreira, Á. F., Vieira, R., Bordini, R. H., & Hübner, J. (2005) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/11691792_10 · Cited by 65 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [42,294] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [42,45,106,201,207,255,258,284,299] URL: http://jason.”
BackgroundCLAIM: A Computational Language for Autonomous, Intelligent and Mobile Agents
Fallah-Seghrouchni, A. E., & Suna, A. (2003) · International Workshop on Programming Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-25936-7_5 · Cited by 65 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundJASDL: A Practical Programming Approach Combining Agent and Semantic Web Technologies
Klapiscak, T., & Bordini, R. H. (2008) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93920-7_7 · Cited by 62 · cited 4×
“Primary references: [42,294] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [42,45,106,201,207,255,258,284,299] URL: http://jason.”
BackgroundInfluentialFisher, M. (2005) · International Workshop on Programming Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/11678823_1 · Cited by 61 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [142,146] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [29,46,144,145,180] URL: http://cgi.”
BackgroundInductive Logic Programming as Abductive Search
Corapi, D., Russo, A., & Lupu, E. (2010) · Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik · doi:10.4230/lipics.iclp.2010.54 · Cited by 60 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundComparing BDD and SAT Based Techniques for Model Checking Chaum's Dining Cryptographers Protocol
Kacprzak, M., Lomuscio, A., Niewiadomski, A., Penczek, W., Raimondi, F., & Szreter, M. (2006) · Fundamenta Informaticae · doi:10.3233/fun-2006-721-316 · Cited by 59
A Normal Form for First-Order Temporal Formulae
Fisher, M. (1992) · CADE · doi:10.1007/3-540-55602-8_178 · Cited by 59 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [142,146] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [29,46,144,145,180] URL: http://cgi.”
BackgroundComparing Trace Expressions and Linear Temporal Logic for Runtime Verification
Ancona, D., Ferrando, A., & Mascardi, V. (2016) · Theory and Practice of Formal Methods · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30734-3_6 · Cited by 57 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [10] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [9,11,52,140] URL: http://rmlatdibris.”
BackgroundSelf-citationOperettA: Organization-Oriented Development Environment
Aldewereld, H., & Dignum, V. (2010) · Multi-Agent Logics, Languages, and Organisations Federated Workshops · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22723-3_1 · Cited by 56
Abdulla, P., & Leino, K. (2011) · International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for Construction and Analysis of Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-19835-9 · Cited by 56
The complexity of model checking concurrent programs against CTLK specifications
Lomuscio, A., & Raimondi, F. (2006) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/1160633.1160733 · Cited by 54 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [236] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [68,133,235,237,285] URL: http://vas.”
BackgroundAgentStra: an Internet-based multi-agent intelligent system for strategic decision-making
Li, S.-L. (2007) · Expert systems with applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2006.05.018 · Cited by 52
Sadri, F., Stathis, K., & Toni, F. (2006) · Computational and mathematical organization theory · doi:10.1007/s10588-006-9539-5 · Cited by 52 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundA Survey of Programming Languages and Platforms for Multi-Agent Systems
Hao, P.-F., Yao, C.-L., Meng, Q.-B., Yu, X.-Q., & Li, X. (2019) · doi:10.15388/informatica.2018.196 · Cited by 52
Cooperation and Competition in ALIAS: A Logic Framework for Agents that Negotiate
Ciampolini, A., Lamma, E., Mello, P., Toni, F., & Torroni, P. (2004) · Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1023/a:1020259411066 · Cited by 52 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [76] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [75,77] URL: http://lia.”
BackgroundSocial Commitments in Time: Satisfied or Compensated
Torroni, P., Chesani, F., Mello, P., & Montali, M. (2009) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11355-0_14 · Cited by 51 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [3] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [4,9,55,72,73,147,338,341] URL: http://lia.”
BackgroundSummary Report of the Second International Competition on Computational Models of Argumentation
Gaggl, S. A., Linsbichler, T., Maratea, M., & Woltran, S. (2018) · The AI Magazine · doi:10.1609/aimag.v39i4.2781 · Cited by 50
MAGENTA technology: multi-agent systems for industrial logistics
Himoff, J., Skobelev, P., & Wooldridge, M. (2005) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1145/1082473.1082805 · Cited by 49
Logic-based specification languages for intelligent software agents
Mascardi, V., Martelli, M., & Sterling, L. (2003) · Theory and Practice of Logic Programming · doi:10.1017/s1471068404002029 · Cited by 49 · cited 2×
“In particular, we extensively search references from the following secondary works: [23,44,147,245,246,248,277,307,357].”
BackgroundSelf-citationMechanisms for environments in multi-agent systems: Survey and opportunities
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InterProlog: Towards a Declarative Embedding of Logic Programming in Java
Calejo, M. (2004) · European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_64 · Cited by 47
Preliminary thoughts on an agent description language
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“Primary references: [318,319] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [180,336,357] URL: http://www.”
BackgroundAutomated Planning of Simple Persuasion Dialogues
Black, E., Coles, A., & Bernardini, S. (2014) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09764-0_6 · Cited by 46 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [348] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [39,40] URL: http://tweetyproject.”
BackgroundCupid: Commitments in Relational Algebra
Chopra, A., & Singh, M. P. (2015) · AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1609/aaai.v29i1.9443 · Cited by 45 · cited 5×
“, the work from Chopra and Singh [74]—which also includes some runnable technology available to date.”
BackgroundInfluentialGo! — A Multi-Paradigm Programming Language for Implementing Multi-Threaded Agents
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The SCIFF Abductive Proof-Procedure
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Parametric Runtime Verification of Multiagent Systems
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“Primary references: [10] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [9,11,52,140] URL: http://rmlatdibris.”
BackgroundSelf-citationReflecting on Agent Programming with AgentSpeak(L)
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Symbolic Model Checking Commitment Protocols Using Reduction
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BackgroundA modal and deontic defeasible reasoning system for modelling policies and multi-agent systems
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BackgroundAristotle: Semantics and Ontology: Volume I: General Introduction. The Works on Logic
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EMERALD: A Multi-Agent System for Knowledge-Based Reasoning Interoperability in the Semantic Web
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Background“Foundations of logic programming” by J. W. Lloyd
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IMPACT: the interactive Maryland platform for agents collaborating together
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Logical foundations and complexity of 4QL, a query language with unrestricted negation
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“General purpose 4QL [243], CCALC [163], CDF-Rules [164], Clingo [292], DR-Prolog [37], Inter4QL [199], InterProlog [62], Jess [177], JPF [170], KQML [143], Maude [86], MOCHA [7], OWL & SWRL [191], Pellet [321], PRISM [219], Progol [261], Protege [162], SICStus [63], Smodels [331], sparql [210], SPIN & Promela [188], S…”
BackgroundEngineering commitment-based business protocols with the 2CL methodology
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ARGO: An Extended Jason Architecture that Facilitates Embedded Robotic Agents Programming
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“Primary references: [42,294] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [42,45,106,201,207,255,258,284,299] URL: http://jason.”
BackgroundCooL-AgentSpeak: Enhancing AgentSpeak-DL Agents with Plan Exchange and Ontology Services
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Self-citationJADL - An Agent Description Language for Smart Agents
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“Primary references: [211,240] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [46,147,239] URL: http://www.”
BackgroundCeccaroni, L. (2001) · doi:10.5821/dissertation-2117-93950 · Cited by 32 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundLogic Programming and Multi-Agent Systems: A Synergic Combination for Applications and Semantics
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“[49] up to the recent work by Calegari et al.”
ResultSelf-citationAgent Theories, Architectures, and Languages: A Bibliography
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“[357], it represents the foundation for the AGENT-0 semantics: however, it is worth noting that AGENT-0 temporal operators lack a formal logic-based semantics.”
BackgroundFrom Organisation Specification to Normative Programming in Multi-Agent Organisations
Hübner, J., Boissier, O., & Bordini, R. H. (2010) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14977-1_11 · Cited by 30 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundLeveraging New Plans in AgentSpeak(PL)
Meneguzzi, F., & Luck, M. (2008) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-93920-7_8 · Cited by 30
CLAIM and SyMPA: A Programming Environment for Intelligent and Mobile Agents
Seghrouchni, A. E. F., & Suna, A. (2005) · Multi-Agent Programming · doi:10.1007/0-387-26350-0_4 · Cited by 30 · cited 1×
“Technology not found ABLE [349] , AgentStra [229], Ameli [137], ANA (Automated Negotiation Agent) [214], AOSDE [316], April [251], Argonaut [103], ARTIMIS [51], Baop [106], Camus [230], CASL (cognitive agents specification language) [315], CASP (Checking AgentSpeak Program) [43], Caso [107], Cast [359], CLAIM [132], C…”
BackgroundSynthesis and Verification of Uniform Strategies for Multi-agent Systems
Pilecki, J., Bednarczyk, M., & Jamroga, W. (2014) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09764-0_11 · Cited by 29 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [236] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [68,133,235,237,285] URL: http://vas.”
BackgroundComposing High-Level Plans for Declarative Agent Programming
Meneguzzi, F., & Luck, M. (2007) · International Workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-77564-5_5 · Cited by 29 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [42,294] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [42,45,106,201,207,255,258,284,299] URL: http://jason.”
BackgroundDistributed Workflow upon Linkable Coordination Artifacts
Omicini, A., Ricci, A., & Zaghini, N. (2006) · International Conference on Coordination Models and Languages · doi:10.1007/11767954_15 · Cited by 29 · cited 2×
“Primary references: [275,276] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [64,264,264,265,265,278,279] URL: http://tucson.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationAgents, Multi-Agent Systems and Declarative Programming: What, When, Where, Why, Who, How?
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Self-citationAdvanced SAT Techniques for Abstract Argumentation
Wallner, J., Weissenbacher, G., & Woltran, S. (2013) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40624-9_9 · Cited by 28 · cited 1×
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BackgroundImplementing Query Answering for Hybrid MKNF Knowledge Bases
Gomes, A. S., Alferes, J. J., & Swift, T. (2010) · International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-11503-5_4 · Cited by 28 · cited 2×
“Table 4 Main technologies excluded from the survey, along with the motivation spanning between (i) “general purpose”, (ii) “no logic”, (iii) “technology not found” Motivation for exclusion Technology General purpose 4QL [243], CCALC [163], CDF-Rules [164], Clingo [292], DR-Prolog [37], Inter4QL [199], InterProlog [62]…”
BackgroundEngineering Multi-Agent Systems
Baldoni, M., Baresi, L., & Dastani, M. (2015) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26184-3 · Cited by 28
An Introduction to the JADEL Programming Language
Bergenti, F. (2014) · IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1109/ictai.2014.147 · Cited by 27 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundModel Checking Agent Programs by Using the Program Interpreter
Jongmans, S., Hindriks, K., & van Riemsdijk, M. V. (2010) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14977-1_17 · Cited by 27
DARE: a system for distributed abductive reasoning
Ma, J., Russo, A., Broda, K., & Clark, K. (2008) · Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/s10458-008-9028-y · Cited by 27 · cited 2×
“R [159], tuProlog [122], Xsb [309], YAP Prolog [93] No logic AGENTFLY [322], Aglets [221], CArtAgO [298], ConArg [38], cougaar [173], JaCaMo [41], JADE-JBossESB [346], JACKAL [92], Klaim [115], Magentix2 [328], MASON [238], Moise & S-Moise+ [193], Presage2 [71], RETSINA [329], SARL APL [302] Technology not found ABLE…”
BackgroundIntention Recognition in the Situation Calculus and Probability Theory Frameworks
Demolombe, R., & Fernandez, A. M. O. (2005) · Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems · doi:10.1007/11750734_20 · Cited by 27 · cited 1×
“Primary references: [113,114,228] Other references describing / exploiting the technology: [46,117,245,254,283] URL: http://www.”
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BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Calegari, R., Ciatto, G., Mascardi, V., & Omicini, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- University of Genoa (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Calegari, Roberta
- Ciatto, Giovanni
- Mascardi, Viviana
- Omicini, Andrea
- Venue
- Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
- Published
- 2020-10-19
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1387-2532 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7454
- OpenAlex
- W3093365097
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 392
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 0.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI-based Problem Solving and Planning
- Keywords
- multi-agent systems, symbolic AI, knowledge representation
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