Applying a Theory of Change Approach to Interagency Planning in Child Mental Health
Abstract
This paper describes the use of a theory of change approach to community‐based cross‐agency service planning for children with serious emotional disturbance and their families. Public agency planners in Contra Costa County, California used the theory of change approach to organize service planning for a population of youth who had been arrested and involved with juvenile probation. The theory of change process described in this paper links community outcomes with planned activities with the assumptions or principles that underlie the community planning efforts. When complete, a theory of change logic model can serve as a guide for implementation, ensuring that community plans for service delivery remain true to their intent. The theory of change development process includes twelve stages and is based on a step‐by‐step approach. Theory of change logic models establish a context for articulating a community's shared beliefs and prompt local stakeholders to establish logical connections between the population to be served, expected results, and strategies intended to achieve those results.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Only two papers explicitly described the use of ToC to identify indicators for ongoing monitoring of the implementation of the intervention.
“Only two papers [12, 82] explicitly described the use of ToC to identify indicators for ongoing monitoring of the implementation of the intervention.”
From Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [12]
The majority of papers describing use of ToC in intervention development reported using the ToC as a framework for the intervention or as a basis for a strategic plan.
“The majority of these reported that they used the ToC as a framework for the intervention [12, 31, 42, 43, 70] or as a basis for a strategic plan [61, 68, 69, 76, 82].”
From Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [12]
A few presentations and papers reporting development of systems of care for children with behavioural difficulties used the ToC as an outline of their public health intervention and as a basis for their strategic plan.
“A few presentations and papers reporting the development of systems of care for children with behavioural difficulties used the ToC as an outline of their public health intervention and as a basis for their strategic plan [12, 61, 65].”
From Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review (2015) · cites this paper as [12]
Cites
Kubisch, J. P. C. A. A. C. (1998) · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Community interventions and effective prevention.
Wandersman, A., & Florin, P. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.6-7.441 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Psychology and community change : challenges of the future
Heller, K., & D’Aunno, T. A. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 175 · see citing works
New approaches to evaluating community initiatives: Theory, measurement, and analysis
Connell, K. F.-A. A. A. C. K. A. J. P. (1998) · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Children’s mental health: Challenges for the nineties
Duchnowski, A. J., & Friedman, R. M. (1990) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/bf02518575 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Open systems evaluation and the logic model: Program planning and evaluation tools
Julian, D. A., Jones, A., & Deyo, D. (1995) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(95)00034-8 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Participatory program planning: including program participants and evaluators
Nichols, L. (2002) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/s0149-7189(01)00044-1 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Building Upon the Theory of Change for Systems of Care
Hernandez, M., & Hodges, S. (2003) · Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/106342660301100104 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationAlter, C. F., & Murty, S. A. (1997) · Journal of Social Work Education · doi:10.1080/10437797.1997.10778856 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Developing Outcome Strategies in Children's Mental Health.
Pastor, J. F., & Myers, K. (2003) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200301000-00020 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
„Citizen Participation“ in USA
Wollmann, H. (1973) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-86336-2_20 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Challenges For Child And Adolescent Mental Health
Friedman, R. M., & Kutash, K. (1992) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.11.3.125 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
A strategic planning model for human services
Julian, D. A., & Lyons, T. S. (1992) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/0149-7189(92)90088-c · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Delivery of Mental Health Services in the 21st Century: Bringing the Community Back In
Rosenheck, R. (2000) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1023/a:1001860812441 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Planning mental health services for children and youth: Part I—A value-based approach
Prilleltensky, I., Peirson, L., Gould, J., & Nelson, G. B. (1997) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/s0149-7189(96)00047-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
De Silva, M. J., Breuer, E., Lee, L., Asher, L., Chowdhary, N., Lund, C., & Patel, V. (2014) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-267 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Using theory of change to design and evaluate public health interventions: a systematic review
Breuer, E., Lee, L., De Silva, M., & Lund, C. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-016-0422-6 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Breuer, E., De Silva, M. J., Shidaye, R., Petersen, I., Nakku, J., Jordans, M. J. D., Fekadu, A., & Lund, C. (2016) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.153841 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Breuer, E., De Silva, M. J., Fekadu, A., Luitel, N. P., Murhar, V., Nakku, J., Petersen, I., & Lund, C. (2014) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/1752-4458-8-15 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Afifi, R., Makhoul, J., Hajj, T. E., & Nakkash, R. T. (2011) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czr001 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
A Scoping Review and Analysis of Mental Health Literacy Interventions for Children and Youth
Marinucci, A., Grové, C., & Allen, K. (2022) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/2372966x.2021.2018918 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Paina, L., Wilkinson, A., Tetui, M., Kiracho, E. E., Barman, D., Ahmed, T., Mahmood, S. S., Bloom, G., Knezovich, J., George, A. S., et al. (2017) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0272-y · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Using a Theory of Change to Drive Human Resource Development for Wraparound
Walker, J. S., & Matarese, M. (2011) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-011-9532-6 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mental health services in Cambodia, challenges and opportunities in a post-conflict setting
Jegannathan, B., Kullgren, G., & Deva, P. (2014) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2014.12.006 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Henderson, J. L., Chiodo, D., Varatharasan, N., Andari, S., Luce, J., & Wolfe, J. (2023) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13315 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Henderson, J. L., MacKay, S., & Peterson‐Badali, M. (2010) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-010-9349-2 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Kananura, R. M., Kiracho, E. E., Paina, L., Bumba, A., Mulekwa, G., Nakiganda-Busiku, D., Oo, H. N. L., Kiwanuka, S. N., George, A. S., & Peters, D. H. (2017) · Health Research Policy and Systems · doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0274-9 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Community Systems of Care for Children's Mental Health
Chenven, M. (2009) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2009.08.006 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Buck, E. D. J. D., Hannes, K., Cargo, M., Remoortel, H. V., Veegaete, A. V., Mosler, H., Govender, T., Vandekerckhove, P. G., & Young, T. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2017.1415306 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Breuer, E., Silva, M. J. D., & Lund, C. (2018) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2018.13 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bamford, C., Wilcock, J., Brunskill, G., Wheatley, A., Dening, K. H., Manthorpe, J., Allan, L. M., Banerjee, S., Booi, L., Griffiths, S., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0283818 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Who's in Charge Here? Structures for Collaborative Governance in Children's Mental Health
Hodges, S., Ferreira, K., Mowery, D., & Novicki, E. (2013) · Administration in Social Work · doi:10.1080/03643107.2012.758062 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationThomson, M., Henderson, G., Rogers, T., Locke, B., Vines, J., & MacBeth, A. M. (2024) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000522 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ssebunnya, J., Mugisha, J., Mpango, R. S., Kyohangirwe, L., Taasi, G., Sentongo, H., Kaleebu, P., Patel, V., & Kinyanda, E. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259425 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Sundberg, L. R., Gotfredsen, A. C., Christianson, M., Wiklund, M., Hurtig, A., & Goicolea, I. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-10757-y · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mbuthia, F. W., Reid, M., & Fichardt, A. (2021) · International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2021.100304 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Babatunde, G. B., van Rensburg, A. J., Bhana, A., & Petersen, I. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00484-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Dube, A. L. N., Mwandira, K., Akter, K., Khatun, F., Lemma, S., Seruwagi, G. K., QCN Evaluation Group, Shawar, Y. R., Djellouli, N., Mwakwenda, C., et al. (2024) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0003532 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Carro‐Ripalda, S., Russell, A., Lewis, S., & Heckler, S. (2013) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/009145091304000103 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Improving child health service interventions through a Theory of Change: A scoping review
Jones, B., Paterson, A., English, M., & Nagraj, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1037890 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Beratan, K. K. (2019) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-10815-240231 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Reid, M., & Botma, Y. (2012) · African Journal of AIDS Research · doi:10.2989/16085906.2012.698054 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jiang, B., Li, B., He, S., Chen, L., Yang, S., Liu, J., Lou, W., Hu, Y., Jin, X., & Liu, C. (2025) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-025-05956-z · Cited by 5 · see citing works
A qualitative evaluation of the implementation, outcomes, and sustainability of ‘School Streets’
Dalton, A. M., Jones, A., & Milton, K. E. (2025) · Journal of Transport & Health · doi:10.1016/j.jth.2025.102052 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
McGill, K., & McGill, S. A. (2010) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2010.11.008 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Núñez, L. P. C., Martínez, G. M., & Gallo, E. G. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-12072-y · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Robinson, J., & Perkins, D. D. (2009) · China Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1080/17525090802692120 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wild, W. E. (2011) · Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A framework to expand public health services to HIV exposed and HIV positive children
Reid, M. (2009) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A framework to enhance clinical learning and teaching in undergraduate nursing education in Ghana
Hobenu, K. A., Adefuye, A. O., Naab, F., & Nyoni, C. N. (2025) · International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2025.100830 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Examining outcomes of REDD+ through community forestry in rural Nepal
Poudel, M. (2015) · Charles Sturt University Research Output (CRO) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ozan, J. (2014) · ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway) · doi:10.13025/16003
McGill, K. (2015) · Residential Treatment for Children & Youth · doi:10.1080/0886571x.2015.1102481
Burstein, K., Forsyth, C. J., Biggar, R. W., Hsu, S., Dick, S. J., & Zeanah, P. D. (2016) · Journal of Criminal Justice Education · doi:10.1080/10511253.2016.1257731
Family Work in the Community and CAMH Care System
Jegannathan, B. (2020) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0753-8_39-1
Richter Sundberg, L., Gotfredsen, A. C., Christianson, M., Wiklund, M., Hurtig, A.-K., & Goicolea, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25389451
Richter Sundberg, L., Gotfredsen, A. C., Christianson, M., Wiklund, M., Hurtig, A.-K., & Goicolea, I. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25389937
- Authors
- Hernandez, M., & Hodges, S.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hernandez, Mario
- Venue
- American Journal of Community Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-09-26
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 183-190
- ISSN
- 0091-0562 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2770
- OpenAlex
- W2057505574
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Community Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (280-99-8023)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Evaluation and Performance Assessment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Community Health and Development
- Keywords
- theory of change, interagency planning, child mental health, serious emotional disturbance, logic model, juvenile justice involvement, juvenile probation, family, stakeholder engagement, Contra Costa County
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Health Services, Health Planning, Humans, Interinstitutional Relations, Mental Health Services, Psychological Theory, Social Change, United States, Adolescent Health Services
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review