Effects of Interleukin-6, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, and Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Adult Human Myoblasts
Open accessAbstract
Our previous studies have demonstrated that ciliary neurotrophic factor, a member of the interleukin-6-type cytokine superfamily, could inhibit the differentiation of myoblasts into mature myotubes at a certain concentration. In this study, another two members, interleukin-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor, together with ciliary neurotrophic factor were tested their roles in the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts derived from the adult human skeletal muscles, in order to confirm that these cytokines might be a new type of regulatory factors on the myoblasts. The results showed that the effects of interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and ciliary neurotrophic factor on the proliferation and differentiation of adult human myoblasts were different. Leukemia inhibitory factor in the dose of 10 ng/ml could accelerate the cell proliferation. Leukemia inhibitory factor in the dose of 10 or 50 ng/ml and ciliary neurotrophic factor in the dose of 10 or 50 ng/ml could inhibit the myoblast differentiation. The inhibition mechanism might be that leukemia inhibitory factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor inhibited the expressions of transcription factor MyoD/myf5, which could regulate the myoblast differentiation. This study will provide the experimental and theoretic foundations for the basic and clinical researches about human myoblasts.
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Initially infiltrating M1 macrophages produce chemokines and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) that are chemoattractant and mitogenic for muscle progenitor cells, including Pax7+ satellite cells.
“Briefly, a number of studies have shown that the chemokines and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) produced by initially infiltrating M1 macrophages are chemoattractant and mitogenic for muscle progenitor cells, including Pax7+ satellite cells [115–119].”
From Macrophage polarization: an opportunity for improved outcomes in biomaterials and regenerative medicine (2012) · cites this paper as [117]
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“This subfamily includes ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) and so on (Heinrich et al. 2003; Murakami et al. 2004).”
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ResultPro-Inflammatory Mediation of Myoblast Proliferation
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“This potentiation effect is likely mediated, at least in part, by pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, which promote myoblast proliferation and migration in vitro (Li, 2003; Torrente et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2008; Toth et al., 2011).”
Background
- Authors
- Wang, X., Wu, H., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Yang, J., Chen, X., Fan, M., & Wang, X.
- Affiliations
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Fan, Ming
- Wang, Xiaomin
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 113-124
- ISSN
- 0272-4340 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6830
- PMC
- PMC11515048
- OpenAlex
- W2162601327
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Keywords
- interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, myoblast proliferation, myogenesis, myotube formation, MyoD, Myf5, skeletal muscle
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cell Differentiation, Cell Separation, Clone Cells, Humans, Membrane Fusion, Myosins, Blotting, Western, Interleukin-6, MyoD Protein, Myogenin, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor, Myoblasts, Cell Proliferation, Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
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