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Acid soil indicators in forest soils of the Cherry River Watershed, West Virginia
Abstract
Declining forest health has been observed during the past several decades in several areas of the eastern USA, and some of this decline is attributed to acid deposition. Decreases in soil pH and increases in soil acidity are indicators of potential impacts on tree growth due to acid inputs and Al toxicity. The Cherry River watershed, which lies within the Monongahela National Forest in West Virginia, has some of the highest rates of acid deposition in Appalachia. East and West areas within the watershed, which showed differences in precipitation, stream chemistry, and vegetation composition, were compared to evaluate soil acidity conditions and to assess their degree of risk on tree growth. Thirty-one soil pits in the West area and 36 pits in the East area were dug and described, and soil samples from each horizon were analyzed for chemical parameters. In A horizons, East area soils averaged 3.7 pH with 9.4 cmol(c) kg(-1) of acidity compared to pH 4.0 and 6.2 cmol(c) kg(-1) of acidity in West area soils. Extractable cations (Ca, Mg, and Al) were significantly higher in the A, transition, and upper B horizons of East versus West soils. However, even with differences in cation concentrations, Ca/Al molar ratios were similar for East and West soils. For both sites using the Ca/Al ratio, a 50% risk of impaired tree growth was found for A horizons, while a 75% risk was found for deeper horizons. Low concentrations of base cations and high extractable Al in these soils translate into a high degree of risk for forest regeneration and tree growth after conventional tree harvesting.
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Native forest soil pH at Pre-mining Birch River and Pre-mining Catenary varied from 4.1 to 5.2, a common range for Appalachian forest soils.
“Table 3 lists the pH of native forest soils at Pre-mining Birch River (P-BR) and Pre-mining Catenary (P-CY), which varied from 4.1 to 5.2 [36], a common range for soils in Appalachian forests [21,38-40].”
From Early Tree Growth in Reclaimed Mine Soils in Appalachia USA (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
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Sorted by citations
Early Tree Growth in Reclaimed Mine Soils in Appalachia USA
Dallaire, K., & Skousen, J. (2019) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f10070549 · Cited by 24
Self-citationHARDWOOD TREE PERFORMANCE ON AMENDED BROWN AND GRAY MINE SPOILS AFTER FOUR YEARS
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Farr, C., Skousen, J., Edwards, P., Connolly, S., & Sencindiver, J.
- Affiliations
- US Forest Service (US)
- West Virginia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Skousen, J.
- Venue
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
- Published
- 2008-11-08
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 1-4
- Pages
- 343-353
- ISSN
- 0167-6369 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2959
- OpenAlex
- W2012574448
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- forest soils, acid deposition, soil acidity, aluminum toxicity, soil pH, extractable cations, forest regeneration, Monongahela National Forest, Appalachian forests, soil horizons
- MeSH terms
- Acids, Environmental Monitoring, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Soil, Trees, West Virginia, Rivers
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