The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Very Improbable Knowing
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2000) · Cited by 5,055
Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?
Gettier, E. L. (1963) · Analysis · doi:10.1093/analys/23.6.121 · Cited by 3,127
Williamson, T. (2002) · doi:10.1093/019925656x.001.0001 · Cited by 2,788
Self-citationDiscrimination and Perceptual Knowledge
Goldman, A. I. (1976) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2025679 · Cited by 1,870
Hintikka, J. (1962) · Cited by 1,536
Smith, D. (2005) · Philosophical Books · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0149.2005.0360c.x · Cited by 1,281
Hawthorne, J. (2003) · doi:10.1093/0199269556.001.0001 · Cited by 1,267
Context and Content: Essays on Intentionality in Speech and Thought
Stalnaker, R. C. (1999) · doi:10.1093/0198237073.001.0001 · Cited by 738
Hawthorne, J., Stanley, J., & Journal of Philosophy, I. (2008) · Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.5840/jphil20081051022 · Cited by 657
GIBBONS, J. (2001) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2001.tb00075.x · Cited by 370
Cited by
Clarke-Doane, J. (2020) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198823667.001.0001 · Cited by 146
Dorst, K. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3918498 · Cited by 108
Metadata
- Authors
- Williamson, T.
- Venue
- Erkenntnis
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 971-999
- ISSN
- 0165-0106 (ISSN-L)
- 1572-8420
- OpenAlex
- W2064362486
- Cited by
- 313
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 35.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Very Improbable Knowing. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s10670-013-9590-9
- The paper
- Williamson, T. (2014). Very Improbable Knowing. Erkenntnis. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-013-9590-9
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
