Cited by 178CO2 Reduction Techniques and CatalystsCarbon dioxide utilization in catalysisElectrocatalysts for Energy Conversion

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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate at high current density using gas diffusion electrodes

Kopljar, D., Inan, A., Vindayer, P., Wagner, N., Klemm, E.·2014·Journal of Applied Electrochemistry

DOI 10.1007/s10800-014-0731-x

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Electrocatalytic process of CO selectivity in electrochemical reduction of CO2 at metal electrodes in aqueous media
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Nanostructured Tin Catalysts for Selective Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate
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Polyethylenimine-Enhanced Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formate at Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanomaterials
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“In addition to ORR, FE and GDE have been used to investigate the HOR, 34,79,94 HER, 79,94 OER, 49,100 − 103 CO reduction, 104 − 106 CO 2 reduction, 102,107 − 111 methanol and ethanol oxidation reactions, 80 and even to study reaction kinetics in metal-air-batteries.”
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“This is especially relevant to some studies that employ a NafionTM proton exchange membrane (PEM) and assume that it only conducts protons, even when the anolyte is highly alkaline [17,29].”
Background
Selective electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to formate by a trimetallic Sn-Co/Cu foam electrode
Hu, Q., Xu, M., Hu, S., Tremblay, P., & Zhang, T. (2020) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114623 · Cited by 12
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“In addition, the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide which has a wide range of sources, can also be used for producing formic acid by electrochemical system (Agarwal et al. 2011; Kopljar et al. 2014; Wang et al. 2014; Lu et al. 2014; Pletcher 2015; Taheri and Berben 2016; Liu et al. 2018) and hydrogenation (Enthaler 2008; W…”
Method
Cathodic reduction of CO2 to formic acid: Effect of the nature of the cathode for pressurized systems
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Scalable fabrication of multi-layered Cu-based electrodes via solvent-free method for the selective electrochemical conversion of CO 2 to C 2+ products
Chen, Q., Kube, A., Rana, B., Biswas, I., Morawietz, T., Kopljar, D., & Friedrich, K. A. (2024) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d4gc00711e · Cited by 9
Self-citation
General Route to Indirect and On-Demand Electrosynthesis of (Various) Peroxy Acids via In Situ Generated Hydrogen Peroxide on a Gas Diffusion Electrode
Schneider, S., & Stöckl, M. (2024) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c07823 · Cited by 8
Operando Raman Spectroscopy: Studies on the Reactivity and Stability of SnO2 Nanoparticles During Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction
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“The variation in the FE values implies that the electro-catalytic activity of Sn depends on many experimental conditions, such as its morphology,(70,71) chemical and oxidation state, temperature,(75,76) CO2 pressure/concentration, 77 overpotentials,(78) and the pH of the electrolyte solution.(79) This is also supporte…”
Result
Learning from the past: Limitations of techno-economic assessments for low-temperature CO2 electrolysis
Vos, J., Ramírez, A., & Pérez–Fortes, M. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2025.115454 · Cited by 8
Simple photoreduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid and true quantum yield
Omadoko, O., Scott, D. W., Hickman, R., & Myers, D. L. (2020) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c9cp06707h · Cited by 7
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Osiewacz, J., Ellendorff, B., Kunz, U., & Turek, T. (2024) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad7f91 · Cited by 6
Research progress on the reaction mechanism, metal-based catalysts, and reactors for CO2 electroreduction to formic acid/formate
Liang, H., Li, Y., Miao, Z., Wang, X., Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., & Fu, P. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.116547 · Cited by 6
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Microbial electrosynthesis of biochemicals : innovations on biocatalysts, electrodes and ion-exchange for CO2 supply, chemicals production and separation
Bajracharya, S. (2016) · doi:10.18174/385426 · Cited by 7
“[32] reported CO2 reduction with a stainless steel cathode by developing Geobacter spp biofilms.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Power to formic acid
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Fabarius, J. T., Pietzka, C., Pangotra, D., Wriedt, B., Vieira, L., Sagstetter, C., Speck, M., Ziogas, A., Baumgarten, N., Kost, H., et al. (2024) · Chemie Ingenieur Technik · doi:10.1002/cite.202400002 · Cited by 5
The use of tin oxide in fuel cells
Dahl, P. I., Barnett, A. O., Alcaide, F., & Colmenares, L. C. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815924-8.00013-x · Cited by 5
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Ding, Y., Li, Q., Wei, S., Xiong, Z., Zhao, Y., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Applied Thermal Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.125686 · Cited by 4
The product selectivity zones in gas diffusion electrodes during the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2
Möller, T., Thanh, T. N., Wang, X., Ju, W., Jovanov, Z. P., & Strasser, P. (2021) · DepositOnce · doi:10.14279/depositonce-12519 · Cited by 4
Electroreduction of CO2 on bismuth nanoparticles in seawater
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“, who observed no variation in the faradaic efficiency for CO2 to formate between pH 8 and 12 [24].”
Background
An overview of electrochemical carbon dioxide conversion strategy
Posokhova, S., Akhmetov, N. O., Manakhov, A. M., & Wagle, V. B. (2026) · Next Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nxener.2026.100530 · Cited by 3
All Electrochemical Synthesis of Performic Acid Starting from CO2, O2, and H2O
Dinges, I., Pyschik, M., Schütz, J. P., Schneider, S., Klemm, E., Waldvogel, S. R., & Stöckl, M. (2025) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.202500180 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
Geopolymer Based Electrodes as New Class of Material for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Schuster, J., Ukrainczyk, N., Koenders, E., & Stöckl, M. (2023) · ChemElectroChem · doi:10.1002/celc.202300122 · Cited by 2
Electron Transfer Limitation in Carbon Dioxide Reduction Revealed by Data-Driven Tafel AnalysisPreprint
Brown, S. M., Orella, M. J., Hsiao, Y. W., Román‐Leshkov, Y., Surendranath, Y., Bazant, M. Z., & Brushett, F. R. (2020) · ChemRxiv · doi:10.26434/chemrxiv.13244906 · Cited by 2
Investigação da eletrocatálise de interconversão do par dióxido de carbono/íons formato para aplicação em ciclos de estocagem de hidrogênio
Sgarbi, R. (2016) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.75.2016.tde-19042016-150431
Industriebeispiele und Anwendungsbereiche
Schwarz, T., Gürtler, C. F., Müller, T., Mihalcea, C., Burton, F., Conrado, R. J., Simpson, S. D., Maru, B. T., Munasinghe, P. C., Jones, S. W., et al. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-60649-0_16
Electrochemical energy storage in formate ions
Blom, M. J. W. (2021) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036552622
Introduction
(2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527349159.ch15
Simulation of photoelectrochemical CO2 conversion to useful chemicals
Chaosukho, A. (2022) · Chula Digiverse · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2022.47
R&D&I and Industry Examples: The CO2 Electrorefinery: A New Concept for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture and Utilization (CCU)
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Additional file 1 of From formic acid to single-cell protein: genome-scale revealing the metabolic network of Paracoccus communis MA5
Tong, S., Zhao, L., Zhu, D., Chen, W., Chen, L., & Li, D. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19785698
A Review of Electrochemical–Biological Coupling Systems for CO 2 Valorization: Catalytic Fundamentals, System Integration, and Industrial Outlook
Shi, X., Li, C., Guo, F., Jing, Y., Guo, Y., Li, H., Qiao, M., Huang, X., Chen, X., Zhao, C., et al. (2026) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.9183730
A Review of Electrochemical–Biological Coupling Systems for CO 2 Valorization: Catalytic Fundamentals, System Integration, and Industrial Outlook
Shi, X., Li, C., Guo, F., Jing, Y., Guo, Y., Li, H., Qiao, M., Huang, X., Chen, X., Zhao, C., et al. (2026) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.9183730
Role of Binders on the Performance of SnO 2 ‐Based Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to Formic Acid
Loi, A., Oßkopp, M., Birhanu, M. K., Krappel, M., Trummer, F., Sottmann, T., Spieth, P., Guterman, R., Atanasov, V. M., Antonietti, M., et al. (2026) · ChemElectroChem · doi:10.1002/celc.70303
Self-citation

Authors: Kopljar, D., Inan, A., Vindayer, P., Wagner, N., & Klemm, E.
Affiliations: University of Stuttgart (DE)
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) (DE)
Corresponding author: Kopljar, D.
ORCID: Kopljar, D.
Wagner, N.
Klemm, E.
Venue: Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2014-08-24
Volume: 44
Issue: 10
Pages: 1107-1116
ISSN: 0021-891X (ISSN-L)
1572-8838
DOI: 10.1007/s10800-014-0731-x
OpenAlex: W2128632059
Cited by: 178
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 5
FWCI: 3.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Applied Electrochemistry (publishedVersion)
elib (German Aerospace Center) (acceptedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
Keywords: electrochemical CO2 reduction, formate production, gas diffusion electrode, high current density, mass transfer limitations, metal loading, electrolyte pH, Faradaic efficiency, hydrogen suppression, cathode potential

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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate at high current density using gas diffusion electrodes

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