The Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate/Formic Acid: Engineering and Economic Feasibility
Abstract
The engineering and economic feasibility of large‐scale electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate salts and formic acid is the focus of this Full Paper. In our study we investigated the long‐term performance of tin and other proprietary catalysts in the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate/formic acid at a gas/solid/liquid interface, using a flow‐through reactor. The overall economics and energy consumption of the process are evaluated through a value chain analysis. The sensitivity of the net present value of the process to various process parameters is examined.
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For the production of formate, various studies in both H cells and flow cells have found that a bulk pH in the range of 2-4 yields the optimal selectivity with p-block metal catalysts.
“As for the production of formate, various studies in both H cells and flow cells have found that a bulk pH in the range of 2 -4 yields the optimal selectivity with p-block metal catalysts.[125,202,203]”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [202]
For catalysts producing CO (Au, Ag, etc.) or formate (Sn, Pb, etc.), elevated pressures do not greatly influence selectivity, but reduce cathodic overpotentials.
“For catalysts producing CO (Au, Ag, etc.) or formate (Sn, Pb, etc.), elevated pressures do not greatly influence selectivity, [139,143,202,220,221,[223][224][225][226] but reduce cathodic overpotentials.[131,143,221,224,225]”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [202]
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- Authors
- Agarwal, A. S., Zhai, Y., Hill, D., & Sridhar, N.
- Affiliations
- DNV (Norway) (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Sridhar, Narasi
- Venue
- ChemSusChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-09-16
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1301-1310
- ISSN
- 1864-5631 (ISSN-L)
- 1864-564X
- OpenAlex
- W2118228274
- Cited by
- 573
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2011-12-09)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ChemSusChem (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Process Chemistry and Technology › Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Keywords
- electrochemical CO2 reduction, formate salts, formic acid, tin catalysts, flow-through reactor, value chain analysis, process economics, energy consumption, net present value, sensitivity analysis
- MeSH terms
- Carbon Dioxide, Electrochemistry, Electrodes, Engineering, Feasibility Studies, Formates, Oxidation-Reduction
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