Brief Report: IQ Split Predicts Social Symptoms and Communication Abilities in High-Functioning Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Open accessAbstract
We investigated the relationship of discrepancies between VIQ and NVIQ (IQ split) to autism symptoms and adaptive behavior in a sample of high-functioning (mean FSIQ = 98.5) school-age children with autism spectrum disorders divided into three groups: discrepantly high VIQ (n = 18); discrepantly high NVIQ (n = 24); and equivalent VIQ and NVIQ (n = 36). Discrepantly high VIQ and NVIQ were associated with autism social symptoms but not communication symptoms or repetitive behaviors. Higher VIQ and NVIQ were associated with better adaptive communication but not socialization or Daily Living Skills. IQ discrepancy may be an important phenotypic marker in autism. Although better verbal abilities are associated with better functional outcomes in autism, discrepantly high VIQ in high-functioning children may also be associated with social difficulties.
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Black, Wallace, Sokoloff, and Kenworthy (2009) found that social symptomatology was related to significant differences between Wechsler Verbal and Performance IQs.
“Another recent study (Black, Wallace, Sokoloff, & Kenworthy, 2009) also found that social symptomatology was related to significant differences between Wechsler Verbal and Performance IQs.”
From WISC-IV profile in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Impaired processing speed is associated with increased autism communication symptoms and decreased adaptive communication abilities (2012) · cites this paper as Black, Wallace, Sokoloff, & Kenworthy, 2009
Klin et al. (2007) and Black et al. (2009) found that better verbal ability is associated with fewer communication difficulties.
“investigations by Klin et al. (2007) and Black et al. (2009) showing that higher verbal ability is related to fewer communication difficulties”
From WISC-IV profile in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Impaired processing speed is associated with increased autism communication symptoms and decreased adaptive communication abilities (2012) · cites this paper as Black et al. (2009)
IQ discrepancies in either direction, whether VIQ or NVIQ is higher, have been linked to worse social outcomes.
“Discrepancies in either direction, with higher VIQ or NVIQ, have been associated with poorer social outcomes 28,29.”
From Parsing Heterogeneity in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Visual Scanning of Dynamic Social Scenes in School-Aged Children (2012) · cites this paper as [28]
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References 29 · Cited by 102
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Lord C Rutter M DiLavore P Risi S 1999 Autism diagnostic observation schedule WPS edition Los Angeles, CA Western Psychological Services
- Sparrow S Balla D Cicchetti D 1984 Vineland adaptive behavior scales (Interview edition, survey form) Circle Pines, MN American Guidance Service
- Sparrow S Cicchetti D Balla D 2005 Vineland adaptive behavior scales (Survey Interview Form) 2 Minneapolis, MN NCS Pearson, Inc
- Authors
- Black, D. O., Wallace, G. L., Sokoloff, J. L., & Kenworthy, L.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Children's National (US)
- Corresponding author
- Black, David O.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2009-07-02
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1613-1619
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC3042799
- OpenAlex
- W2021091700
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (U54MH066417)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, high-functioning children, verbal IQ, nonverbal intelligence, IQ discrepancy, social symptoms, communication skills, adaptive behavior, adaptive communication, socialization, daily living skills, phenotypic markers, functional outcome
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Communication, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Social Adjustment, Social Behavior, Asperger Syndrome
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