The DOI matches its Crossref record; 149 of the 151 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cerebellum, Language, and Cognition in Autism and Specific Language Impairment
Open accessAbstract
We performed cerebellum segmentation and parcellation on magnetic resonance images from right-handed boys, aged 6-13 years, including 22 boys with autism [16 with language impairment (ALI)], 9 boys with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), and 11 normal controls. Language-impaired groups had reversed asymmetry relative to unimpaired groups in posterior-lateral cerebellar lobule VIIIA (right side larger in unimpaired groups, left side larger in ALI and SLI), contralateral to previous findings in inferior frontal cortex language areas. Lobule VIIA Crus I was smaller in SLI than in ALI. Vermis volume, particularly anterior I-V, was decreased in language-impaired groups. Language performance test scores correlated with lobule VIIIA asymmetry and with anterior vermis volume. These findings suggest ALI and SLI subjects show abnormalities in neurodevelopment of fronto-corticocerebellar circuits that manage motor control and the processing of language, cognition, working memory, and attention.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Also, Hodge et al. [208] reported that the typical right greater than left volume of lateral posterior cerebellar lobules VII-VIII/Crus I–II was reversed in language impaired individuals with AD.”
From Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [208]
In the citing paper
“Reversed asymmetry of lobule VIIIA also was related to deficits on clinical measures of language function in AD.”
From Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [208]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory
Oldfield, R. C. (1971) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4 · Cited by 35,900
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain
Talairach, J., & Tournoux, P. (1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,798
Cortical Surface-Based Analysis
Dale, A. M., Fischl, B., & Sereno, M. I. (1999) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0395 · Cited by 10,910
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. B
Press, H. (1886) · Cited by 10,087
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065
Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain
Laitinen, L. (1989) · Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/0303-8467(89)90128-5 · Cited by 7,565
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0626 · Cited by 4,726
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test
Campbell, J. M., & Dommestrup, A. K. (2010) · The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology · doi:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0649 · Cited by 3,787
The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome
Schmahmann, J. (1998) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/121.4.561 · Cited by 3,230
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- APA. (1994). DSM-IV: Diagnostic and statistic manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
- Chheda, M., Sherman, J., & Schmahmann, J. D. (2002). Neurologic, psychiatric and cognitive manifestations in cerebellar agenesis. Neurology, 58, 356.
- Orvaschel, H., & Puig-Antich, J. (1987). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-epidemiologic version (K-SADS-E) (4th ed.). Fort Lauderdale, FL: Nova University, Center for Psychological Studies.
- Rapin, I. (Vol. Ed.). (1996). Clinics in developmental medicine:Vol. 139. Preschool children with inadequate communication. London: Mac Keith Press.
- Semel, E., Wiig, E. H., & Secord, W. A. (1995). Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals (3rd ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation, Harcourt Brace and Co.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–144 of 144
Uwisengeyimana, J. D. D., Wang, Y., Nguchu, B. A., Wang, X., & Qiu, B. (2022) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2022.120435 · Cited by 4
Cerebellum and the Psychopathology of Autism and Asperger’s Disorder
Johnson, B. P., Stanley-Cary, C., Fielding, J., Rinehart, N., & Papadopoulos, N. V. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7_44 · Cited by 4
Zhang, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, Y., Long, J., & Chen, Z. (2024) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120950 · Cited by 3
Rullmann, M., Henssen, D. J. H. A., Melasch, J., Scherlach, C., Saur, D., Schroeter, M. L., Tiepolt, S., Koglin, N., Stephens, A. W., Hesse, S., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1007/s00259-025-07135-z · Cited by 4
Sawada, K., & Saito, S. (2022) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym14051015 · Cited by 3
Neurodevelopmental Disorders of the Cerebellum: Autism Spectrum Disorder
Toback, M., Rad, A. A., Okafor, I. A., Allahtavakoli, M., Zangeneh, K., Siddiqui, T. J., & Marzban, H. (2023) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-23104-9_21 · Cited by 4
Bianco, K. M., Fuelscher, I., Lum, J., Singh, M., Barhoun, P., Silk, T., Caeyenberghs, K., Williams, J., Enticott, P. G., Mukherjee, M., et al. (2024) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106204 · Cited by 4
Implicit manual and oculomotor sequence learning in developmental language disorder
Lum, J. A. G., & Clark, G. M. (2021) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13156 · Cited by 3
Chapter 8 Atypical hemispheric asymmetries in autism spectrum disorders
Lindell, A. K. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315371375-9 · Cited by 2
Li, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1604937 · Cited by 2
Girbau, D. (2017) · Literacy studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53646-0_8 · Cited by 2
Neurodevelopmental Disorders of the Cerebellum: Autism Spectrum Disorder
Toback, M., Zangeneh, K., Siddiqui, T. J., & Marzban, H. (2017) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59749-2_18 · Cited by 2
Musical ensemble participation and social behaviors in autistic children: Collective case study
Cardella, C. (n.d.) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 2
Sound Neuroscience: An Undergraduate Neuroscience Journal
Mills, S. (2013) · Cited by 1
White and Grey Matter Abnormalities in Autism Align with Verbal Ability
Huemer, S. V. (2016) · Journal of Advanced Neuroscience Research · doi:10.15379/2409-3564.2016.03.02.01 · Cited by 1
Dolah, J., Chal, A. K., Ahmad, A. C., Mustafa, M., Majid, A. Z. A., Azraai, N. Z., & Bakhir, N. M. (2022) · Journal of Human Centered Technology · doi:10.11113/humentech.v1n1.5 · Cited by 1
fMRI-Based Multi-class DMDC Model Efficiently Decodes the Overlaps between ASD and ADHD
Zolghadr, Z., Batouli, S. A. H., Majd, H. A., Shafaghi, L., & Mehrabi, Y. (2024) · Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal · doi:10.32598/bcn.2023.4302.1 · Cited by 2
Applications of Developmental Psychopathology
de Pablo, G. S., Vaquerizo‐Serrano, J., Gómez‐Vallejo, S., Sanchez‐Cerezo, J., & Ruiz, C. M. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_21 · Cited by 1
Knowing what's next: The role of the cerebellum in generating predictions
Knolle, F. (2012) · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)
Ferreira, M. L., & Catarino, P. (2012)
Camacho, P. (2017)
Dyslexia: From diagnoses to theory
Tamboer, P. (2019) · Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)
Clark, D. L., Boutros, N. N., & Mendez, M. F. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108164320.003
Déficit da interação social em crianças e adolescentes autistas
Pegoraro, L. F. (2014) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2014.923146
Levesque, R. J. R. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_515-2
Levesque, R. J. R. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_515
Гуткевич, Е. В., & Pustovaya, A. (2023) · Психиатрия психотерапия и клиническая психология · doi:10.34883/pi.2022.13.4.006
Uquillas, F. D., Sefik, E., Li, B., Trotter, M. A., Steele, K., Seidlitz, J., Gesue, R., Latif, M., Fasulo, T., Zhang, V., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.10.16.562588
Yadav, M. C., Venkatachalam, B., Parmar, A., Krishnan, M. A., Thasli, R., & Sinha, S. (2024) · Rare · doi:10.1016/j.rare.2024.100029
Altered regional brain activity and functional connectivity in relation to blood lead levels
Shi, Y., Yan, L., Yang, Y., He, F., Li, W., Zhang, J., Zhao, F., Wang, D., Wang, W., Zhao, Z., et al. (2025) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-024-01034-0
The role of the cerebellum in music, speech, and language perception
Eggermont, J. J. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29847-9.00006-1
Cognitive developmental disorders
Eggermont, J. J. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29847-9.00009-7
Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Li, J., Xu, G., Tian, J., & Ma, X. (2025) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2024.0102
Autism Impairs the Language Development Benefits of Infants' Looking to the MouthPreprint
Gürcan, E., Bhatt, K., & Rutherford, M. D. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5389396
Demirtaş, İ., Ayyıldız, B., Ayyıldız, S., Kuş, K. Ç., Ayran, A., BARIŞ, M., Ediz, B., Örs, A., Öktem, E. Ö., & Yuluğ, B. (2026) · Journal of Neurolinguistics · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2026.101312
Saitovitch, A. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ddd5f246z0fe4z4134z8a28z27d0a24aed40
Lessons from human neuroimaging on the developing cerebellum in health and disease
Jain, A., & D’Mello, A. M. (2026) · Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.002
Svaldi, C., Vos, K., Reinders, A., Ćurĉić‐Blake, B., Tseng, J., Jonkers, R., & de Aguiar, V. (2026) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2026.05.012
Jin, P., Yin, D.-X., Huang, Y.-X., Li, Z.-W., Ma, X.-F., Lin, K., Xu, Y., Gao, W.-M., Ye, Q., Han, Y.-Z., et al. (2026) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-026-02030-1
Postnatal distress, neonatal cerebellar myelination and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months
Papadopoulos, A., Nichols, E. S., & Duerden, E. G. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03902-y
Underlying Neural Causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Mills, S. (2013) · Sound Ideas (University of Puget Sound)
Metadata
- Authors
- Hodge, S. M., Makris, N., Kennedy, D. N., Caviness, V. S., Howard, J., McGrath, L., Steele, S., Frazier, J. A., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Harris, G. J.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Cambridge Health Alliance (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harris, Gordon J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2009-09-22
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 300-316
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC3771698
- OpenAlex
- W2078512520
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 151
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 3.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ALS Association
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH001573)
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (U19/PO1 DC 03610, U19DC003610, P01DC003610)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- cerebellum, autism spectrum disorder, specific language impairment, language impairment, language processing, brain development, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Autistic Disorder, Cerebellar Cortex, Cerebellum, Child, Cognition, Humans, Language, Language Disorders, Language Tests, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
