The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Excess mortality and causes of death in autism spectrum disorders: a follow up of the 1980s Utah/UCLA autism epidemiologic study.
Open accessAbstract
This study's purpose was to investigate mortality among individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ascertained during a 1980s statewide autism prevalence study (n = 305) in relation to controls. Twenty-nine of these individuals (9.5 %) died by the time of follow up, representing a hazard rate ratio of 9.9 (95 % CI 5.7-17.2) in relation to population controls. Death certificates identified respiratory, cardiac, and epileptic events as the most common causes of death. The elevated mortality risk associated with ASD in the study cohort appeared related to the presence of comorbid medical conditions and intellectual disability rather than ASD itself suggesting the importance of coordinated medical care for this high risk sub-population of individuals with ASD.
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“several studies13,14,15,16,17,18,19 have suggested that persons with ASD or ADHD may be associated with an increased risk of mortality; however, the results are inconsistent.”
From Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
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“several studies13,14,15,16,17,18,19 have suggested that persons with ASD or ADHD may be associated with an increased risk of mortality; however, the results are inconsistent.”
From Mortality in Persons With Autism Spectrum Disorder or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [14]
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Cites
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Canadian journal of public health
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Prevalence of Autism in a US Metropolitan Area
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Risk Factors for Autism: Perinatal Factors, Parental Psychiatric History, and Socioeconomic Status
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Twenty‐year outcome for individuals with autism and average or near‐average cognitive abilities
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Self-citationMack, A. H. (2011) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ypsy.2010.11.009 · Cited by 500
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Hazard rate ratio and prospective epidemiological studies
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Chown, N., Shaw, S. C. K., Doherty, M., Johnson, M., Krupa, J., Martin, N., & Brooker-Corcoran, M. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Educational and Social Studies · doi:10.53103/cjess.v2i4.57
Xu, J., Zhou, D., & Xu, F. (2022) · doi:10.2196/preprints.45401
Kyle, G., & Connolly, Á. (2023) · British Journal of Healthcare Assistants · doi:10.12968/bjha.2023.17.7.250
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Farley, M. A., McMahon, W. M., & Kirby, A. V. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46463-8_11
Self-citationThe Feasibility of Whole-Body Vibration Training as an Approach to Improve Health in Autistic Adults
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Promoting Cooperation with Dental and Medical Procedures
Kupzyk, S. S., Carroll, R. A., & Allen, K. D. (2025) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88594-5_10
Bonfim, C. B., de Araújo, J. A. P., Castro-de-Araujo, L. F. S., Vasudevan, V., Barreto, M. L., & Machado, D. B. (2026) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085-2025-0053
d’Albis, M.-A. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/206f79f9z2fd3z499fz9abdz096c72713a99
Psychometric Analysis of the German Version of the Barriers to Healthcare Checklist—Short Form
Peth, J., David, N., Dückert, S., Gewohn, P., Schöttle, D., Rahlff, P., Konnopka, A., König, H., Vogeley, K. T., Nicolaidis, C., et al. (2026) · Autism in Adulthood · doi:10.1177/25739581261441229
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Le vieillissement somatique et neurocognitif des personnes autistes
Morel‐Kohlmeyer, S., & Houy‐Durand, E. (2026) · Annales Médico-psychologiques revue psychiatrique · doi:10.1016/j.amp.2026.05.004
Salluzzo, M. G., Schillaci, F. A., Zago, E. D., Fucile, S., Marcolungo, L., Schinocca, P., Lanza, G., Ferri, R., Leonardi, G., & Salemi, M. (2026) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics16152395
Metadata
- Authors
- Bilder, D., Botts, E. L., Smith, K. R., Pimentel, R., Farley, M., Viskochil, J., McMahon, W. M., Block, H., Ritvo, E., Ritvo, R.-A., & Coon, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bilder, Deborah
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2012-09-25
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1196-1204
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC4814267
- OpenAlex
- W2096889758
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 2.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Autism Speaks
- University of Utah
- Huntsman Cancer Foundation
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG022095)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, excess mortality, causes of death, comorbidities, intellectual disability, respiratory diseases, heart disease, epilepsy, mortality risk, follow-up cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cause of Death, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Death Certificates, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Utah, Survival Analysis, Databases, Factual
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