Cited by 172Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersSexual Differentiation and Disorders

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Brief Report: Sex/Gender Differences in Symptomology and Camouflaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Schuck, Rachel K., Flores, Ryan E., Fung, Lawrence K.·2019·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

DOI 10.1007/s10803-019-03998-yPMC PMC6753236

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more prevalent in males than females. Previous research indicates females camouflage ASD symptoms more than males, potentially contributing to the difference in prevalence. This study investigated sex/gender differences in behavioral phenotypes in 17 males and 11 females with ASD, as well camouflaging in ASD, in an attempt to partially replicate findings from Lai et al. (Autism 21(6):690-702, 2017). Overall ASD symptoms were measured by the autism spectrum quotient (AQ). Mean AQ in females with ASD was higher than males with ASD, with the difference approaching statistical significance. Camouflaging was found to be more common in females with ASD, and not associated to social phobia. Furthermore, camouflaging correlated negatively with emotional expressivity in females, but not males, with ASD. These findings strengthen previous findings regarding camouflaging being more common in females and add to the literature on how camouflaging may be different in females versus males.

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Authors: Schuck, R. K., Flores, R. E., & Fung, L. K.
Affiliations: Stanford University (US)
Corresponding author: Fung, Lawrence K.
ORCID: Schuck, Rachel K.
Fung, Lawrence K.
Venue: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2019-04-03
Volume: 49
Issue: 6
Pages: 2597-2604
ISSN: 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
1573-3432
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-03998-y
PMC: PMC6753236
OpenAlex: W2929474056
Cited by: 172
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6
FWCI: 10.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH111750)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, sex differences, gender differences, camouflaging, Autism Spectrum Quotient, emotional expressivity, social anxiety disorder, behavioral phenotypes
MeSH terms: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Prevalence

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Brief Report: Sex/Gender Differences in Symptomology and Camouflaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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