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Source normalized indicators of citation impact: an overview of different approaches and an empirical comparison

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Waltman, Ludo, van Eck, Nees Jan·2013·Scientometrics

DOI 10.1007/s11192-012-0913-4

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Authors: Waltman, L., & van Eck, N. J.
Affiliations: Leiden University (NL)
Corresponding author: Waltman, Ludo
ORCID: Waltman, Ludo
Venue: Scientometrics
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2012-11-23
Volume: 96
Issue: 3
Pages: 699-716
ISSN: 0138-9130 (ISSN-L)
1588-2861
DOI: 10.1007/s11192-012-0913-4
OpenAlex: W2165235748
Cited by: 155
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 14.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Scientometrics (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Web visibility and informetrics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
Keywords: citation impact, field normalization, citation practices, journal selection

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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Source normalized indicators of citation impact: an overview of different approaches and an empirical comparison

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

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Metadata

Record

About these checks